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Recent Research on Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2026 | Viewed by 1610

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Interests: microbiomics: metagenomic analysis of gut microbiota/virome (including phageome) in pigs and pets, exploring their correlation with diseases, and identifying key microbial biomarkers by deciphering microbial compositional/functional characteristics under physiological/pathological states; disease models & organoids: building reproducible animal models and intestinal organoids, providing technical platforms for pet-targeted functional food and pharmaceutical R&D; gut repair products: translating research into innovative pet foods and supplements for intestinal health

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in human health and disease by modulating critical physiological processes including nutrient metabolism, cognitive function, and host development. Despite its recognized significance, the precise mechanistic underpinnings remain largely elusive. This Special Issue will highlight diagnostic innovations for microbiota-associated diseases as well as molecular mechanisms of microbiota-mediated health regulation. We particularly encourage submissions utilizing human microbiota-associated (HMA) animal models, and some potential topics include the following:

  1. Dynamic interplay between gut microbiota and suboptimal health states.
  2. HMA models for mechanistic studies of human diseases.
  3. HMA systems in deciphering host–microbe crosstalk.
  4. Microbial metabolites in immune/neurological modulation.
  5. Technical advances in cross-species microbiota transplantation.
  6. Microbiome-based precision health interventions.

Prof. Dr. Li Cui
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microbiota-host crosstalk
  • HMA models
  • microbial metabolites
  • gut–brain axis
  • translational microbiome

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 2677 KB  
Article
Effects of Different Diets on Gut Microbiota of Apis cerana (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
by Ruonan Liang, Cheng Liang, Yi Zhang, Yanjun Liu, Guiling Ding and Jiaxing Huang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(4), 1900; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27041900 - 16 Feb 2026
Viewed by 510
Abstract
Pollen is one of the main food sources for honeybees. The honeybee gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining digestive function and host health during long-term coevolution. While the consumption and utilization of pollen have been extensively studied, there is limited information [...] Read more.
Pollen is one of the main food sources for honeybees. The honeybee gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining digestive function and host health during long-term coevolution. While the consumption and utilization of pollen have been extensively studied, there is limited information about the effects of pollen on the gut microbiota of Apis cerana. In this study, we used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to evaluate the effects of four natural pollens (oilseed rape pollen, camellia pollen, lotus pollen and buckwheat pollen) and two pollen substitutes (Diet 1 and Diet 2) on the hindgut microbiota of newly emerged A. cerana worker bees, following feeding periods of 5, 10 and 15 days. The results showed that Firmicutes and Proteobacteria are dominant in the gut microbiota of A. cerana. A. cerana workers fed with pollen diets had a higher diversity of gut microbiota than those fed with pollen substitutes. There have been significant differences in the gut microbiota structure and relative abundance of the core microbial community among A. cerana workers supplied with different diets. Our results confirm that gut bacterial communities of A. cerana can be influenced by pollen diets and may play an important role in host adaptation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Research on Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease)
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Review

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35 pages, 2085 KB  
Review
Human Microbiota-Associated Pig Models for Translational Microbiome Research: A Scoping Review
by Seong-Jin Wang, Hao-Yang Nian, Zhi-Hao Chen and Li Cui
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(4), 1987; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27041987 - 19 Feb 2026
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Abstract
The human microbiota-associated (HMA) pig model provides a physiologically relevant platform that bridges preclinical and translational research. However, its use remains limited, with existing studies showing considerable variation in establishment methods. This scoping review systematically evaluates methodological frameworks, engraftment outcomes, and research applications [...] Read more.
The human microbiota-associated (HMA) pig model provides a physiologically relevant platform that bridges preclinical and translational research. However, its use remains limited, with existing studies showing considerable variation in establishment methods. This scoping review systematically evaluates methodological frameworks, engraftment outcomes, and research applications of HMA pig models. Additionally, it highlights their strengths, limitations, and implications for future studies. We conducted a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Directory of Open Access Journals, following PRISMA guidelines for Scoping Reviews. The review examines the methodological foundations of HMA pig model generation and proposes a minimal reporting framework to promote standardization. It synthesizes studies on human microbiota engraftment in pigs, identifying factors that influence colonization efficiency. Finally, it summarizes current applications, discusses persistent limitations and translational challenges, and outlines opportunities for future research. Overall, these integrated insights aim to foster standardized, reproducible protocols for HMA pig model preparation and guide advancements in the field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Research on Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease)
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