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IJGI
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3D Modeling and GIS for Historical Sites Reconstruction
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3D Modeling and GIS for Historical Sites Reconstruction

A special issue of ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information (ISSN 2220-9964).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 July 2021) | Viewed by 13064

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sara Gonizzi Barsanti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Engineering, Università Degli Studi Della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy
Interests: photogrammetry; geomatics; surveying; topography; 3D modeling; reverse engineering; finite element analysis; geographic information system; cultural heritage; BIM; HBIM; VR/AR/XR
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Mario Santana Quintero

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Interests: archaeological sites; architectural conservation; conservation of cultural heritage; cultural heritage; documentation; geomatics; international cooperation; risk assessment of cultural sites; surveying; world heritage

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

3D modelling can be either from reality (photogrammetry, surveying, laser scanning) or from computer graphic, CAD or procedural methods, but all can be integrated to achieve more complete and photorealistic results. Geoinformatics technologies, such as photogrammetry, laser scanning, remote sensing, and geospatial data science, have an important role in cultural heritage documentation, preservation, information sharing, restoration and reconstruction, minimizing the risk of potential damage. High-accuracy reality-based 3D models obtained with both active and passive 3D acquisition technologies, such as laser scanners, structure from motion (SfM)/image matching (IM) and photogrammetry are currently largely available.  All of these geoinformatics technologies are actively contributing to one or more aspects of heritage reconstruction and conservation. Closely related techniques, such as computer-aided design (CAD) and virtual reality (VR), are also used for heritage protection and promotion and are supported by the outputs from these geoinformatics technologies. BIM provides the possibility to represent all views (3D model, plans, sections, elevations, and details) automatically and offers improved visualization and coordination between drawings. GIS has long been used for heritage spatial database management to improve planning and preservation. Combined with web mapping, they have been applied for heritage documentation. The creation of geodatabases connected to 3D cultural heritage data can help in creating large, interactive digital archives of easy consultation. This point is of great importance for the accurate reconstruction of a site because it correlates 2D and 3D data, descriptions, information, bibliography, images and notes.  3D heritage models from reality-based techniques, CAD and procedural methods can be integrated into GIS and provide an interoperable framework for geometry, semantics, topology and appearance modeling for better documentation, reconstruction, visualization and analysis.

Topics include but are not limited to:

  • 3D reality-based survey (photogrammetry, laser scanning, UAV);
  • 3D modelling (CAD/CAM);
  • 3D reconstruction, VR, AR;
  • Combination of 3D reality-based and 3D reconstruction for VR/AR;
  • BIM/HBIM for monitoring;
  • GIS and geodatabase constructions for storing and querying data;
  • Combination of 3D data (reality-based, CAD, BIM) and GIS for cultural heritage documentation.

Dr. Sara Gonizzi Barsanti
Dr. Mario Santana Quintero
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • GIS
  • 3D modeling
  • CAD
  • Procedural modeling
  • Cultural Heritage
  • Photogrammetry
  • Laser scanning
  • Virtual reconstruction
  • Integration
  • Metadata
  • Geoinformatics technologies
  • BIM
  • HBIM
  • Archaeological sites
  • Reconstruction

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

37 pages, 14369 KiB  
Article
A Virtual Space Built on a Canvas Painting for an “Augmented” Experience to Catch the Artist’s Message
by Salvatore Capotorto, Maria Lepore and Antonietta Varasano
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2021, 10(10), 641; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10100641 - 25 Sep 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2563
Abstract
“Entering” a canvas to examine and learn about the work from unexplored points of view is an experiential “journey” in an environment reconstructed through the use and integration of innovative technologies, such as descriptive geometry and digital photogrammetry, solid modeling and immersive photography. [...] Read more.
“Entering” a canvas to examine and learn about the work from unexplored points of view is an experiential “journey” in an environment reconstructed through the use and integration of innovative technologies, such as descriptive geometry and digital photogrammetry, solid modeling and immersive photography. Generating a “sense of presence” in the viewer means connecting it with immediacy to the artist’s message and grasping even the most subtle elements of the painting that are difficult to understand, such as architectural inconsistencies or the play of perspectives that, very often, bring out the situations scripted, characterized by discoveries that prelude to the aesthetic pleasure as the multiplicity of meanings and the “stylistic overcoding” of the work is revealed. The research hypotheses were applied to a case study, or to the splendid “Last Supper” by the Flemish artist Gaspar Hovic, a canvas painted in oil (late 15th century AD) and kept in the Matrice SM Veterana Church di Triggiano (BA), where the representation of the suggestive moment of Jesus with the Apostles is carried out through numerous symbols, in an evocative architectural context rich in details. The pictorial subject provides a series of very interesting ideas suitable for research of the role of perspective. The inverse method of linear perspective was used to reveal the plants and sections corresponding to the perspective space of the painting, used as the basis for the reconstruction of the 3D model of the entire scenic composition. Although the painting represents the apparently rigorous application of the perspective technique, by “entering” the canvas it is possible to observe some exceptions to the geometric rules deliberately introduced by the artist, thus making the perspective restitution process an effective interpretative act of the work. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 3D Modeling and GIS for Historical Sites Reconstruction)
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27 pages, 15945 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Possibilities of Using HBIM Technology in the Protection of Cultural Heritage, Based on a Review of the Latest Research Carried out in Poland
by Dorota Janisio-Pawłowska
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2021, 10(10), 633; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10100633 - 23 Sep 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2448
Abstract
The implementation of HBIM technology in the research carried out with historical objects remains at a very early stage and constitutes only a fracture of current studies, including in Poland. This process becomes indispensable for the analysis of the existing condition, management and [...] Read more.
The implementation of HBIM technology in the research carried out with historical objects remains at a very early stage and constitutes only a fracture of current studies, including in Poland. This process becomes indispensable for the analysis of the existing condition, management and protection of cultural heritage. Therefore, it proves necessary to elaborate directions and guidelines for the implementation of HBIM technology. The present article deals with research and analysis of Polish conservation studies. We discuss the methods for recording information, the scope and detail of the elaborated 3D model, including library objects. The possibility of further editing of objects, the digital tools applied and the data recording formats were all analyzed. The tables present the discrepancies in the creation of 3D objects. We described and compared the studied objects. The collected analyzes were used to summarize important parameters and collected data. This in turn allowed us to elaborate universal guidelines that could be used in the implementation of HBIM technology in other countries as well. Digital tools and data recording formats used to develop the discussed models of objects pave the way to the possibility of further editing and implementation of HBIM technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 3D Modeling and GIS for Historical Sites Reconstruction)
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19 pages, 16572 KiB  
Article
Integration and Analysis of Multi-Modal Geospatial Secondary Data to Inform Management of at-Risk Archaeological Sites
by Rebecca Guiney, Elettra Santucci, Samuel Valman, Adam Booth, Andrew Birley, Ian Haynes, Stuart Marsh and Jon Mills
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2021, 10(9), 575; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10090575 - 24 Aug 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3958
Abstract
Climate change poses an imminent physical risk to cultural heritage sites and their surrounding landscape through intensifying environmental processes such as damaging wetting and drying cycles that disrupt archaeological preservation conditions, and soil erosion which threatens to expose deposits and alter the archaeological [...] Read more.
Climate change poses an imminent physical risk to cultural heritage sites and their surrounding landscape through intensifying environmental processes such as damaging wetting and drying cycles that disrupt archaeological preservation conditions, and soil erosion which threatens to expose deposits and alter the archaeological context of sites. In the face of such threats, geospatial techniques such as GIS, remote sensing, and spatial modelling have proved invaluable tools for archaeological research and cultural heritage monitoring. This paper presents the application of secondary multi-source and multi-temporal geospatial data within a processing framework to provide a comprehensive assessment of geophysical risk to the Roman fort of Magna, Carvoran, UK. An investigation into the ancient hydraulic system at Magna was carried out with analysis of vegetation change over time, and spatio-temporal analysis of soil erosion risk at the site. Due to COVID-19 restrictions in place at the time of this study, these analyses were conducted using only secondary data with the aim to guide further archaeological research, and management and monitoring strategies for the stakeholders involved. Results guided inferences about the ancient hydraulic system, providing insights regarding how to better manage the site at Magna in the future. Analysis of soil erosion allowed the identification of hot spot areas, indicating a future increase in rates of erosion at Magna and suggesting a seasonal period of higher risk of degradation to the site. Results have proven that freely available multi-purpose national-scale datasets are sufficient to create meaningful insights into archaeological sites where physical access to the site is inhibited. This infers the potential to carry out preliminary risk assessment to inform future site management practices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 3D Modeling and GIS for Historical Sites Reconstruction)
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17 pages, 9586 KiB  
Article
Digital Graphic Documentation and Architectural Heritage: Deformations in a 16th-Century Ceiling of the Pinelo Palace in Seville (Spain)
by Juan Francisco Reinoso-Gordo, Antonio Gámiz-Gordo and Pedro Barrero-Ortega
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2021, 10(2), 85; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10020085 - 19 Feb 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2954
Abstract
Suitable graphic documentation is essential to ascertain and conserve architectural heritage. For the first time, accurate digital images are provided of a 16th-century wooden ceiling, composed of geometric interlacing patterns, in the Pinelo Palace in Seville. Today, this ceiling suffers from significant deformation. [...] Read more.
Suitable graphic documentation is essential to ascertain and conserve architectural heritage. For the first time, accurate digital images are provided of a 16th-century wooden ceiling, composed of geometric interlacing patterns, in the Pinelo Palace in Seville. Today, this ceiling suffers from significant deformation. Although there are many publications on the digital documentation of architectural heritage, no graphic studies on this type of deformed ceilings have been presented. This study starts by providing data on the palace history concerning the design of geometric interlacing patterns in carpentry according to the 1633 book by López de Arenas, and on the ceiling consolidation in the 20th century. Images were then obtained using two complementary procedures: from a 3D laser scanner, which offers metric data on deformations; and from photogrammetry, which facilitates the visualisation of details. In this way, this type of heritage is documented in an innovative graphic approach, which is essential for its conservation and/or restoration with scientific foundations and also to disseminate a reliable digital image of the most beautiful ceiling of this Renaissance palace in southern Europe. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 3D Modeling and GIS for Historical Sites Reconstruction)
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