Mental Health in Later Life: Psychosocial Determinants, Care Needs and Intervention Strategies

A Special Issue of Healthcare (ISSN 2227-9032) belonging to the section "Mental Health and Psychosocial Well-being".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 27 February 2027 | Viewed by 1839

Editors


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Guest Editor
1. iHealth4Well-Being Research Unit, CESPU, CRL—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário—Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Paredes, Portugal
2. ISSSP, Higher Institute of Social Work of Porto, Av. Dr. Manuel Teixeira Ruela 370, 4460-362 Senhora da Hora, Portugal
3. RISE-Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
Interests: psychogerontology; mental disorders; dementia; delirium; depression; clinical and health psychology; validation studies; family/caregivers and psychoeducational interventions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
1. iHealth4Well-Being Research Unit, CESPU, CRL—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário, Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Paredes, Portugal
2. UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Translational Toxicology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
Interests: elderly and dementia; Alzheimer disease; chronical disease; well-being; quality of life; spirituality; mindfulness; burnout and mobbing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor Assistant
1. ISSSP, Higher Institute of Social Work of Porto, Av. Dr. Manuel Teixeira Ruela 370, 4460-362 Senhora da Hora, Portugal
2. CLISSIS, Lusíada Research Center on Social Work and Social Intervention, University of Lusíada, Rua da Junqueira, 188-198, 1349-001 Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: gerontology; social work; active aging; ageing in place; loneliness and social isolation; caregiver well-being; social intervention; social policies; retirement

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Several biopsychosocial changes occur that can contribute to an increased risk of developing mental health problems in older people advancing in age, such as depression, anxiety, cognitive decline, and emotional distress, often influenced by social factors such as loneliness, social isolation, and the loss of meaningful relationships. In addition, age-related transitions, chronic health conditions, frailty, and functional limitations can further contribute to increasing this vulnerability.

According to the WHO, it is estimated that approximately 14.1% of adults aged 70 or older live with a mental disorder, with depression and anxiety being the most common conditions. These challenges not only affect older people themselves but also have a significant impact on their families and caregivers, who often suffer from significant emotional burden.

In this context, the mental health and psychosocial care needs of older adults are becoming increasingly crucial. However, mental health disorders are often neglected and underrecognized, and the stigma surrounding these conditions can make older people and their families reluctant to seek help. At the same time, caregivers may lack the information and support necessary to adequately respond to the complex needs of these older adults.

To address these needs, it is fundamental to implement comprehensive, person-centered, and multidisciplinary psychosocial care models that actively involve families and caregivers as partners in care and equally consider their own needs. These care models should also be based on promoting mental health, preventing and identifying mental health problems early, addressing structural barriers and the stigma associated with mental illness, and addressing ageism, thus ensuring accessibility, continuity of care, and equity in the provision of appropriate social and health services to older adults with mental health problems.

Overall, this Special Issue aims to publish articles that significantly contribute to knowledge about mental health in older adults and their caregivers, as well as psychosocial interventions. Topics that will be of interest for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Aging and mental health;
  • Mental health disorders;
  • Neurocognitive disorders;
  • Mental health stigma and ageism;
  • Psychological and social determinants of mental health;
  • Social isolation and loneliness;
  • Social and family support;
  • Mental health promotion;
  • Prevention in mental health;
  • Psychosocial assessment;
  • Psychosocial interventions;
  • Caregivers and mental health;
  • Mental health in community social institutions.

Authors are invited to submit original research, reviews, brief research reports, case reports, and clinical trials that align with the themes of this Special Issue. A range of methodologies is welcomed, including quantitative, qualitative, mixed-methods, and review methodologies.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Sonia Martins
Dr. Sara Lima
Guest Editors

Dr. Joana Guedes
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Healthcare is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aging
  • mental health
  • mental health disorders
  • psychological and social determinants of mental health
  • promotion and prevention in mental health
  • psychosocial interventions
  • stigma and ageism

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 681 KB  
Article
Multidimensional Symptom Burden Among Institutionalised Older Adults: Associations with Functional Status, Psychological Factors and Quality of Life
by Lucinda Marques, Lara Guedes de Pinho, Elisabete Alves, Isabel Bico and Manuel José Lopes
Healthcare 2026, 14(18), 3117; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14183117 - 21 Sep 2026
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Population ageing has increased the number of institutionalised older adults with multimorbidity, frailty, a high symptom burden, and complex care needs. However, data on symptom burden in residential care facilities remains limited. This study aimed to characterise the epidemiological profile of [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Population ageing has increased the number of institutionalised older adults with multimorbidity, frailty, a high symptom burden, and complex care needs. However, data on symptom burden in residential care facilities remains limited. This study aimed to characterise the epidemiological profile of institutionalised older adults and examine the associations between symptom burden assessed using the Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale (IPOS) and sociodemographic characteristics, functional status, multimorbidity, depressive symptoms, loneliness, and quality of life. Methods: A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted between March and October 2023 in 19 residential care facilities in Portugal. Residents with preserved cognitive capacity according to education-adjusted MMSE cut-off scores completed validated instruments assessing symptom burden, functional status, depressive symptoms, loneliness, and quality of life. Results: The final sample comprised 306 institutionalised older adults (mean age: 85.1 years; 68.6% women). Participants had a moderate symptom burden (mean IPOS score: 18.0 ± 14.0). Depressive symptoms showed the most consistent associations with symptom burden across IPOS outcomes, while functional status showed domain-specific associations. Other associations were less robust after correction for multiple testing. Multimorbidity was not independently associated with IPOS score. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive multidimensional assessment and support the integration of palliative care principles into long-term residential care to better address the complex needs of institutionalised older adults. Full article
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11 pages, 1686 KB  
Article
Feasibility of Therapist-Guided Personalized Music Listening for Fibromyalgia: A Pilot Study of Self-Directed Home-Based Intervention
by Takiko Takahashi and Masahiro Sugimoto
Healthcare 2026, 14(15), 2397; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14152397 - 4 Aug 2026
Viewed by 357
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Music-based interventions have been used to alleviate chronic pain and psychological distress; however, their effectiveness varies across individuals, particularly in real-world settings. The COVID-19 pandemic has further highlighted the need for feasible, therapist-guided but self-directed interventions that can be implemented in [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Music-based interventions have been used to alleviate chronic pain and psychological distress; however, their effectiveness varies across individuals, particularly in real-world settings. The COVID-19 pandemic has further highlighted the need for feasible, therapist-guided but self-directed interventions that can be implemented in daily life. This exploratory pilot study primarily evaluated the feasibility of therapist-guided, self-directed personalized music listening in daily life. Exploratory quantitative and qualitative outcomes were also assessed to inform the design of future controlled studies. Methods: Seven patients with fibromyalgia participated in a 4-week music-listening period and a 4-week non-intervention period. The intervention was conducted in participants’ daily living environments during the COVID-19 pandemic. A music therapist guided music selection and listening strategies, while participants implemented the intervention independently. Pain scores were recorded daily, and psychological measures (GHQ-12, JFIQ) and salivary β-endorphin levels were assessed at predefined times. Results: The therapist-guided, self-directed intervention was feasible in participants’ daily lives. Individual responses varied. Some participants reported psychological experiences, including autobiographical memory recall, increased motivation, and greater engagement in daily activities. No consistent effects on pain intensity or salivary β-endorphin levels were observed. Conclusions: This feasibility pilot study suggests that therapist-guided, self-directed personalized music listening is feasible in daily life. Although consistent quantitative improvements were not observed, some participants reported positive psychological experiences, including autobiographical memory recall, increased motivation, and greater engagement in daily activities. These preliminary findings support the feasibility of this approach and warrant larger, adequately controlled studies incorporating objective adherence monitoring and an appropriate washout period. Full article
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14 pages, 1445 KB  
Article
Family Structure and Its Changes and Depressive Symptoms in Later Life: How Intergenerational Support Makes a Difference
by Yaocheng Luo, Youtao Mou, Zhenzhen Peng, Peng Zeng, Lin Fu, Jiaxin Guo, Zumin Shi and Yong Zhao
Healthcare 2026, 14(13), 1855; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14131855 - 25 Jun 2026
Viewed by 540
Abstract
Objectives: Depressive symptoms are common among middle-aged and older adults. This study examined the associations of family structure and its transitions with depressive symptoms, and the mediating role of intergenerational support. Methods: Participants were drawn from the first five waves of CHARLS. Family [...] Read more.
Objectives: Depressive symptoms are common among middle-aged and older adults. This study examined the associations of family structure and its transitions with depressive symptoms, and the mediating role of intergenerational support. Methods: Participants were drawn from the first five waves of CHARLS. Family structure and transitions were assessed at baseline (Wave 1) and Wave 2. Outcome was defined as new-onset depressive symptoms occurring after Wave 2 among participants who were free of depressive symptoms at both Wave 1 and Wave 2. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine the association between family structure/transitions and incident depressive symptoms. Parallel mediation analysis was conducted to examine the potential mediating effects of intergenerational support. Results: Compared with two-generation households, skipped-generation households were associated with a higher risk of depressive symptoms in older adults (HR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.04–1.63), and transitions from two-generation to skipped-generation households were also associated with a higher risk (HR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.06–2.23). Emotional support partially mediated this association. Conclusions: Older adults living in or transitioning to skipped-generation households are associated with a higher risk of depressive symptoms, suggesting that public health efforts should prioritize skipped-generation households and the processes leading to their formation. Full article
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20 pages, 730 KB  
Article
Socioeconomic Status and Depression Among Older Adults with Disabilities in Korea: The Mediating Role of Social Support and the Moderating Effects of Self-Esteem and Public Service Utilization
by Sanghyun Park and Joonhee Ahn
Healthcare 2026, 14(10), 1349; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14101349 - 14 May 2026
Viewed by 426
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Depression among older adults with disabilities represents a significant public health concern, with well-documented socioeconomic disparities. However, the mechanisms through which socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with depression in this population remain insufficiently specified. Guided by the Reserve Capacity Model (RCM), this [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Depression among older adults with disabilities represents a significant public health concern, with well-documented socioeconomic disparities. However, the mechanisms through which socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with depression in this population remain insufficiently specified. Guided by the Reserve Capacity Model (RCM), this study examines whether social support is statistically associated with the SES–depression relationship and whether this association varies according to psychosocial and structural resources. Methods: Data were drawn from the 18th wave (2023) of the Korea Welfare Panel Study (KoWePS) and its supplementary disability survey (N = 845). Moderated mediation analyses were conducted using the PROCESS macro with 5000 bootstrap samples to estimate indirect and conditional associations. Results: SES was negatively associated with depressive symptoms and positively associated with social support. Social support demonstrated a statistically significant indirect association between SES and depression, consistent with a partial mediation pattern, although the direct association remained significant. Self-esteem did not significantly moderate the indirect association. In contrast, public service utilization significantly moderated the association between social support and depression, such that the indirect association between SES and depression was attenuated at higher levels of service utilization. Conclusions: The findings indicate that depression among older adults with disabilities is associated with both socioeconomic disadvantage and variations in social and structural resources. These results underscore the relevance of considering both psychosocial and structural dimensions of resources when examining mental health disparities. Full article
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