Safety of Aerogel Materials

A special issue of Gels (ISSN 2310-2861). This special issue belongs to the section "Gel Processing and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 1422

Special Issue Editors

School of Resource and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Interests: silica aerogels; aerogel composites; thermal insulation; thermal hazards; thermal analysis; impact resistance; personal safety protection
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Guest Editor
School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
Interests: pyrolysis; building fires; aircraft fire safety; personnel evacuation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since their first synthesis in 1931, aerogels have garnered significant attention due to their distinctive three-dimensional nano/microporous structures. These structures impart exceptional properties, including low density, high surface area, and low thermal conductivity, making aerogels versatile materials widely utilized in various applications such as adsorption, catalysis, drug delivery, thermal and acoustic insulation, and environmental remediation.

As the range of aerogel applications continues to expand, significant safety challenges have emerged. For instance, aerogels containing organic components are susceptible to thermal hazards when exposed to high temperatures or fire, with the potential to ignite under specific conditions. In the case of aerogel powders, there is an additional risk of combustion or dust explosions. Moreover, the production of aerogel materials presents safety concerns, including the risk of fire and explosion from organic solvents, solvent corrosion and leakage, as well as air and water pollution. Occupational health risks are also significant, extending across the stages of production, storage, transportation, and utilization. These safety issues present substantial barriers to the practical deployment of aerogel materials.

Addressing these challenges is crucial for the advancement of aerogel technology and its broader application across industries. Therefore, this Special Issue is dedicated to exploring the safety aspects of aerogels throughout their entire lifecycle. We invite submissions that examine, topics including but not limited to, the safety characteristics and thermal safety of aerogels, the environmental impacts associated with their production and use, and the process safety and occupational health risks encountered during their lifecycle. Additionally, we encourage contributions that focus on lifecycle assessment, propose strategies to mitigate safety risks, and explore safety-related applications of aerogels.

By fostering the exchange of various insights on safety issues of aerogel materials, this Special Issue aims to advance the field, paving the way for their broader industrial and commercial adoption.

Dr. Zhi Li
Dr. Changcheng Liu
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • aerogels
  • safety
  • safety characteristics
  • thermal safety
  • environmental impacts
  • process safety
  • occupational health risks
  • lifecycle assessment
  • safety applications

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 15668 KiB  
Article
Experimental Investigation of the Combustion Characteristics and Thermal Hazards of Methylsilyl-Modified Silica Aerogels
by Xiaoxu Wu, Kai Shen, Min Hu, Fang Zhou, Zikang Chen, Qiong Liu, Zijun Li and Zhi Li
Gels 2024, 10(11), 702; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10110702 - 30 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1129
Abstract
The thermal safety of hydrophobic silica aerogels (SAs) is essential to thermal insulation applications. Herein, trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS), dimethyldichlorosilane (DMDCS), and methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) were employed as surface modifiers to prepare three different methylsilyl-modified SAs (i.e., TSA, DSA, and MSA) and their combustion characteristics and [...] Read more.
The thermal safety of hydrophobic silica aerogels (SAs) is essential to thermal insulation applications. Herein, trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS), dimethyldichlorosilane (DMDCS), and methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) were employed as surface modifiers to prepare three different methylsilyl-modified SAs (i.e., TSA, DSA, and MSA) and their combustion characteristics and thermal hazards were experimentally studied in detail. The cone calorimeter test found that the three SAs have similar combustion processes and the variations in ignition time and fire spread rate with the heat flux obey simple logarithmic and linear relationships, respectively. It further found that TSA has the most methylsilyl groups on silica skeletons and thus has the largest heat release, followed by DSA and MSA in turn, implying that TSA has the greatest fire hazard among the three SAs. These results further demonstrate that the type and quantity of methylsilyl groups on the skeletons of SAs significantly affect the thermal hazard of methylsilyl-modified SAs. In addition, the combustion mechanism of the methylsilyl-modified SAs is discussed. In total, this work experimentally studies the combustion characteristics of methylsilyl-modified SAs and compares their thermal hazards, clarifying the potential fire risk of methylsilyl-modified SAs in practical thermal insulation applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Safety of Aerogel Materials)
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