Distributed Ledger Technologies for IoT and Softwarized Networks

A special issue of Future Internet (ISSN 1999-5903). This special issue belongs to the section "Internet of Things".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2021) | Viewed by 12815

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute for Advanced Academic Research, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
Interests: Internet of Things; network protocols; network softwarization; distributed ledger technology; wireless communication
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
College of Engineering, Ibaraki University, Mito 310-8512, Japan
Interests: wireless communications; mobile networking; cognitive radio; machine learning
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Division of Information and Communication Engineering, Kitami Institute of Technology, Kitami, Japan
Interests: computer networks; cloud computing; distributed systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The increase of connected Internet of Things (IoT) devices and the quality of services (QoS) requirements have challenged the internet infrastructure to be evolved. The challenges enable a plethora of innovations in the network and computing fields, ranging from wireless (IoT, 4G, 5G), network softwarization (NS) to cloud/edge/fog computing. In the future IoT, it is envisioned that those technologies will be massively adopted, significantly enhancing human lives. In such a context, the emerging distributed ledger technology (DLT), which has found applications such as cryptocurrencies (i.e., using blockchain), has attracted much attention as a disruptive technology. DLT outperforms the traditional centralized ledger approach, where participants reach a consensus of digital transactions only at a centralized authority or intermediary. Hence, DLT enables decentralized interaction in a secure, trustworthy, trackable manner. Despite the salient features, it is nontrivial to apply DLT to IoT or NS service provision, especially with the QoS considerations. Moreover, although development progress is impressive, state-of-the-art DLT is not mature yet. The efficiency and applicability of DLT, especially in IoT and network softwarization systems, need to be thoroughly investigated.  

This Special Issue aims to gather original, unpublished papers focusing on theoretical analysis, emerging applications, novel architecture, and experimental studies of DLT in IoT and NS. Topic areas include but are not limited to the following:

  • DLT-based architectures, protocols, and algorithms for IoT, NS;
  • DLT-based solutions for network softwarization;
  • DLT-based solutions for edge computing/networking in IoT systems;
  • DLT and machine learning for IoT systems;
  • DLT-based QoS provisioning mechanisms for IoT, NS;
  • DLT-based automation methods for IoT, NS;
  • DLT for 5G and IoT;
  • Theoretical modeling of DLT, NS operations;
  • Networking and computing optimization in DLT for IoT and NS systems.

Finally, we would like to thank Mr. Partha Pratim Ray and his valuable work for assisting us with this Special Issue.

Dr. Kien Nguyen
Dr. Xiaoyan Wang
Dr. Xun Shao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • distributed ledger technology
  • IoT
  • network softwarization
  • automation
  • QoS provisioning

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 432 KiB  
Article
Decentralizing Private Blockchain-IoT Network with OLSR
by Xuan Chen, Shujuan Tian, Kien Nguyen and Hiroo Sekiya
Future Internet 2021, 13(7), 168; https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13070168 - 28 Jun 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3495
Abstract
With data transparency and immutability, the blockchain can provide trustless and decentralized services for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. However, most blockchain-IoT networks, especially those with a private blockchain, are built on top of an infrastructure-based wireless network (i.e., using Wi-Fi access points [...] Read more.
With data transparency and immutability, the blockchain can provide trustless and decentralized services for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. However, most blockchain-IoT networks, especially those with a private blockchain, are built on top of an infrastructure-based wireless network (i.e., using Wi-Fi access points or cellular base stations). Hence, they are still under the risk of Single-Point-of-Failure (SPoF) on the network layer, hindering the decentralization merit, for example, when the access points or base stations get failures. This paper presents an Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol-based solution for that issue in a private blockchain-IoT application. By decentralizing the underlying network with OLSR, the private blockchain network can avoid SPoF and automatically recover after a failure. Single blockchain connections can be extended to multiple ad hoc hops. Services over blockchain become flexible to fit various IoT scenarios. We show the effectiveness of our solution by constructing a private Ethereum blockchain network running on IoT devices (i.e., Raspberry Pi model 4) with environmental data sensing (i.e., Particular Matter (PM)). The IoT devices use OLSR to form an ad hoc network. The environment data are collected and propagated in transactions to a pre-loaded smart contract periodically. We then evaluate the IoT blockchain network’s recovery time when facing a link error. The evaluation results show that OLSR can automatically recover after the failure. We also evaluate the transaction-oriented latency and block-oriented latency, which indicates the blocks have a high transmission quality, while transactions are transferred individually. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Distributed Ledger Technologies for IoT and Softwarized Networks)
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13 pages, 511 KiB  
Article
Performance Analysis of Internet of Things Interactions via Simulation-Based Queueing Models
by Georgios Bouloukakis, Ioannis Moscholios, Nikolaos Georgantas and Valérie Issarny
Future Internet 2021, 13(4), 87; https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13040087 - 29 Mar 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2011
Abstract
Numerous middleware application programming interfaces (APIs) and protocols were introduced in the literature in order to facilitate the application development of the Internet of Things (IoT). Such applications are built on reliable or even unreliable protocols that may implement different quality-of-service (QoS) delivery [...] Read more.
Numerous middleware application programming interfaces (APIs) and protocols were introduced in the literature in order to facilitate the application development of the Internet of Things (IoT). Such applications are built on reliable or even unreliable protocols that may implement different quality-of-service (QoS) delivery modes. The exploitation of these protocols, APIs and QoS modes, can satisfy QoS requirements in critical IoT applications (e.g., emergency response operations). To study QoS in IoT applications, it is essential to leverage a performance analysis methodology. Queueing-network models offer a modeling and analysis framework that can be adopted for the IoT interactions of QoS representation through either analytical or simulation models. In this paper, various types of queueing models are presented that can be used for the representation of various QoS settings of IoT interactions. In particular, we propose queueing models to represent message-drop probabilities, intermittent mobile connectivity, message availability or validity, the prioritization of important information, and the processing or transmission of messages. Our simulation models demonstrate the significant effect on delivery success rates and response times when QoS settings are varied. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Distributed Ledger Technologies for IoT and Softwarized Networks)
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14 pages, 2533 KiB  
Article
A Lightweight Blockchain-Based IoT Identity Management Approach
by Mohammed Amine Bouras, Qinghua Lu, Sahraoui Dhelim and Huansheng Ning
Future Internet 2021, 13(2), 24; https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13020024 - 22 Jan 2021
Cited by 56 | Viewed by 6407
Abstract
Identity management is a fundamental feature of Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem, particularly for IoT data access control. However, most of the actual works adopt centralized approaches, which could lead to a single point of failure and privacy issues that are tied to [...] Read more.
Identity management is a fundamental feature of Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem, particularly for IoT data access control. However, most of the actual works adopt centralized approaches, which could lead to a single point of failure and privacy issues that are tied to the use of a trusted third parties. A consortium blockchain is an emerging technology that provides a neutral and trustable computation and storage platform that is suitable for building identity management solutions for IoT. This paper proposes a lightweight architecture and the associated protocols for consortium blockchain-based identity management to address privacy, security, and scalability issues in a centralized system for IoT. Besides, we implement a proof-of-concept prototype and evaluate our approach. We evaluate our work by measuring the latency and throughput of the transactions while using different query actions and payload sizes, and we compared it to other similar works. The results show that the approach is suitable for business adoption. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Distributed Ledger Technologies for IoT and Softwarized Networks)
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