The Effects of Feed on the Growth Immunity and Metabolism of Fishes

A special issue of Fishes (ISSN 2410-3888). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Feeding".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2024) | Viewed by 2685

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Ehime 7908566, Japan
Interests: physiology; maturation; spermatogenesis; oogenesis; endocrinology; immunology
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Guest Editor
Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Ehime 7908566, Japan
Interests: developmental biology; gametogenesis; growth; endocrinology; molecular biology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A close relationship exists between food and health, not only for humans but for all animals. Naturally, feed has a strong influence on the condition of a fish. First of all, feeding is essential for individual growth. However, the amount of feed that is fed does not necessarily correlate positively with growth. Nutrients and various compounds in the feed or forage strongly influence the immune system via the intestinal tract of the fish. Moreover, feed also influences the maturation of the fish. Fish maturation can also be controlled by the amount of feed and the nutrients in the feed. These phenomena indicate that forages do not merely serve as a source of nutrients and energy, they also act on the physiology of the individual fish, exerting a variety of effects. This Special Issue will focus not only on the feed from a nutritional perspective but also on the physiological effects of various nutrients and compounds in feeds on the growth, immunity, and metabolism of fish. We invite basic research articles, as well as applied studies based on the findings of basic research.

Prof. Dr. Takeshi Miura
Prof. Dr. Chiemi Miura
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • feeding
  • physiology
  • endocrinology
  • reproduction
  • immunology
  • aquaculture
  • immunostimulants

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 2894 KiB  
Article
Potential Probiotic Bacillus Strains with Antioxidant and Antimutagenic Activity Increased Weight Gain and Altered hsp70, cxc, tnfα, il1β, and lysC Gene Expression in Clarias gariepinus
by Radomir Viktorovich Skripnichenko, Daria Sergeevna Chelombitskaya, Evgeniya Valer’evna Prazdnova, Maxim Pavlovich Kulikov, Alexey Mikhailovich Neurov, Anna Andreevna Zaikina, Vadim Alekseevich Grigoryev, Marina Nikolaevna Sorokina, Vladimir Anatolievich Chistyakov, Michael Leonidas Chikindas and Dmitriy Vladimirovich Rudoy
Fishes 2024, 9(12), 476; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9120476 - 25 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1365
Abstract
The potential probiotic properties of three Bacillus strains were studied. A probiotic supplement for the African catfish Clarias gariepinus was produced via the solid-state fermentation protocol and incorporated into the fish feed for a period of seven weeks. Since the 36th day of [...] Read more.
The potential probiotic properties of three Bacillus strains were studied. A probiotic supplement for the African catfish Clarias gariepinus was produced via the solid-state fermentation protocol and incorporated into the fish feed for a period of seven weeks. Since the 36th day of the experiment, all experimental groups had a statistically significant increase in their weight gain than the control group. The maximum weight gain observed in fish fed the probiotic-supplemented feed was 29.16% higher than that of the control group, and the maximum feed conversion rate improvement was 24%. Cell-free extracts from these strains showed antioxidant (11.55–27.40%) and DNA-protective (45.33–61.83%) activity in a series of in vitro biosensor tests. Further investigation into the antimutagenic activity of the strains revealed that two of them reduced the level of induced mutagenesis in an Escherichia coli model (by 33.58% and 54.35%, respectively). We also assessed the impact of probiotic strains on the expression of several key genes in the host (C. gariepinus), including hsp70, cxc, tnfα, il1β, and lysC. More than a 10-fold increase in expression rates was observed for hsp70 in gonads and liver; for cxc in muscles and gonads; for tnfα in brain, gills, and liver; for il1β in the brain, gills, gonads, and liver; and for lysC in gills, gonads, liver, and muscles. This study provides evidence that probiotics exhibiting antioxidant and antimutagenic properties can provide significant benefits in vivo within aquaculture systems. The molecular effects of these probiotics appear to be complex and tissue-specific, with both upregulation and downregulation of immune system genes observed. Nevertheless, at the organismal level, the impact was unequivocally positive in terms of aquaculture objectives, manifested as enhanced body weight gain in the fish. Consequently, these Bacillus strains warrant serious consideration as potential probiotics for this species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Effects of Feed on the Growth Immunity and Metabolism of Fishes)
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Review

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20 pages, 354 KiB  
Review
Research Progress on Nutritional Requirements and Formulated Feeds for Siniperca: A Comprehensive Review
by Jianhui Peng, Lingsheng Bao, Yun Tuo, Wuying Chu and Huaipeng Fang
Fishes 2024, 9(12), 487; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9120487 - 29 Nov 2024
Viewed by 963
Abstract
Siniperca species are highly valued freshwater fishes in China. In 2022, the country’s production of farmed Siniperca reached 401 kilotons. With the growing demand for high-quality aquatic products, Siniperca aquaculture offers major economic benefits and promising development prospects. However, the current reliance on [...] Read more.
Siniperca species are highly valued freshwater fishes in China. In 2022, the country’s production of farmed Siniperca reached 401 kilotons. With the growing demand for high-quality aquatic products, Siniperca aquaculture offers major economic benefits and promising development prospects. However, the current reliance on live bait in Siniperca farming has resulted in resource wastage, environmental pollution, and disease outbreaks, hindering the healthy and sustainable growth of the industry. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the nutritional requirements of Siniperca in artificial farming, with a focus on proteins, amino acids, lipids, fatty acids, carbohydrates, and micronutrients. We also summarize the progress made in researching alternative protein and lipid sources, feed additives, and the development of artificially formulated feeds to replace live bait. The findings of this review will serve as a reference for further research on the nutritional requirements and development of formulated feeds for Siniperca aquaculture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Effects of Feed on the Growth Immunity and Metabolism of Fishes)
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