Building a Sustainable Future for Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture in a Time of Multiple Stressors

A special issue of Fishes (ISSN 2410-3888).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 July 2026 | Viewed by 5644

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: aquaculture; fisheries
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
1. Sustainable Aquaculture Systems Inc., 715 Pittstown Road, Frenchtown, NJ 08825, USA
2. MJD Consulting d.o.o., Duolnjo Kola 32, 21460 Stari Grad, Croatia
Interests: sustainable aquaculture

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: fisheries; invasive species

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: fisheries; risk assessment of invasive species; fish parasitology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In this Special Issue, topics from the European Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture Advisory Commission (EIFAAC) International Symposium "Building a Sustainable Future for Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture in a Time of Multiple Stressors" will be covered. The aim of the Symposium that was held from 7–9 October 2024 in Pula, Croatia, was to facilitate interactions between European scientists and policy makers and to exchange research on inland fisheries and freshwater aquaculture within the European region. The articles in this issue aim to present the most interesting and important research results within certain topics and problems of inland fisheries and aquaculture. The stock assessment and management of freshwater fish with innovative management for the conservation of freshwater areas and aquatic biodiversity together with climate change and its impact on inland waters, fisheries, and aquaculture are crucial themes of this issue. Special interest was expressed in the development of new technologies that will improve production and protect the environment, as well as the inclusion of aquaculture in the circular economy. Themes that process problems of predators, especially piscivorous birds on freshwater fish farms, and the assessment of existing policies covering this problem are specially emphasized. Citizen science and socio-economic aspects of freshwater fisheries and aquaculture, as well as advances in recreational fishery research and management, are included in the topics. Special attention is paid to articles dealing with the problems and conservation of migratory fish and the occurrence of foreign and invasive fish species.

Both full articles (without extension limits) and communications (5–10 pages) will be considered. Papers submitted to this Special Issue will undergo the standard peer-review procedure.

If you have relevant research on the topics that are covered by this Special Issue, you are welcome to submit!

Dr. Ana Gavrilović
Dr. Jurica Jug-Dujaković
Dr. Ivan Špelić
Dr. Tena Radočaj
Guest Editors

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fishes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • sustainable aquaculture
  • aquaculture developments
  • freshwater aquaculture
  • sustainable inland fisheries
  • aquatic invasive species

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 1557 KB  
Article
Comparative Analysis of Proximate Composition, Lipid Classes, and Fatty Acid Profile of Different Body Parts of Cultivated Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
by Santiago P. Aubourg, Marcos Trigo, Lina Pena, Denis M. Andriamahefa, Noa E. Rasoanaivo, David Vieites and Fanomezana M. Ratsoavina
Fishes 2026, 11(5), 266; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11050266 - 30 Apr 2026
Viewed by 385
Abstract
Proximate composition, lipid classes, and fatty acid profile were comparatively analyzed in different body parts of carp (Cyprinus carpio) cultivated in Madagascar. Higher (p < 0.05) protein values (163.3–200.1 g·kg−1 range) were detected in muscle tissue (epaxial, hypaxial, and [...] Read more.
Proximate composition, lipid classes, and fatty acid profile were comparatively analyzed in different body parts of carp (Cyprinus carpio) cultivated in Madagascar. Higher (p < 0.05) protein values (163.3–200.1 g·kg−1 range) were detected in muscle tissue (epaxial, hypaxial, and tail) than in the liver tissue (118.4 g·kg−1). The average lipid content showed the following decreasing tissue sequence: liver > hypaxial > tail > epaxial. The highest levels (p < 0.05) of phospholipids and sterols were obtained in the epaxial muscle part (94.0 and 24.0 g·kg−1 of lipids, respectively). A high presence of free fatty acids (183.2 g·kg−1 of lipids) was detected in the liver. In all tissues, α-tocopherol provided higher values (p < 0.05) than γ- and δ-tocopherol compounds; among body parts, the liver showed the highest levels (p < 0.05) for all tocopherols. Fatty acid (FA) groups revealed a higher range value (g·100 g−1 of total FAs) for monounsaturated FAs (48.19–52.57) than for saturated FAs (SFAs; 28.50–29.41) and polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs; 17.96–22.57). The following increasing sequence was observed for ω3-PUFA/ω6-PUFA ratios in body parts: liver < hypaxial < tail < epaxial. All parts of muscle tissue contained higher (p < 0.05) PUFA/SFA values (0.72–0.77) than liver (0.61). Comparison of body parts revealed an inhomogeneous distribution of bioactive compounds. The liver tissue was found a good source of valuable constituents. Full article
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16 pages, 1210 KB  
Article
Stage- and Temperature-Dependent Responses of Baltic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) Juveniles to Probiotic Supplementation During Rearing in Flow-Through Hatchery
by Santa Purviņa, Olga Revina, Žanna Bertaite, Kristofers Millers, Rainers Džeriņš, Justīne Padrevica and Ruta Medne
Fishes 2026, 11(5), 261; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11050261 - 24 Apr 2026
Viewed by 615
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of a commercially produced, ready-to-use probiotic supplement, dominated by lactic acid bacteria, on the growth performance and selected health indicators of salmon (Salmo salar L.) fry, parr, and presmolts reared for restocking purposes. The results indicated a [...] Read more.
This study evaluated the effects of a commercially produced, ready-to-use probiotic supplement, dominated by lactic acid bacteria, on the growth performance and selected health indicators of salmon (Salmo salar L.) fry, parr, and presmolts reared for restocking purposes. The results indicated a stage-specific response to probiotic application. In salmon fry, short-term immersion baths were associated with reduced juvenile mortality and improved tolerance to fluctuations in temperature and dissolved oxygen. In parr, immersion treatments were linked to improved growth performance, condition factor, and a lower incidence of gill-cover necrosis compared to the Control group. In presmolts, short-term dietary supplementation with probiotics was associated with increased growth rates relative to Controls. Probiotic application was associated with changes in bacterial isolates and, in some groups, lower antimicrobial resistance (AMR) indices, particularly after 14 days of immersion treatment. Probiotic supplementation was associated with improved growth and increased tolerance to environmental stressors, indicating its potential to support fish welfare and sustainable aquaculture. Full article
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19 pages, 5070 KB  
Communication
From Rapid Growth to Sustainable Development: A Case Study of Rainbow Trout Aquaculture for Local Food System in the Vologda Region (Northwest Russia)
by Mikhail Kutuzov, Maria Belova, Hicham Zaroual, Igor Nikitin, Olga Novichenko, Dmitry Zhukov and Daria Vilkova
Fishes 2026, 11(4), 207; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11040207 - 31 Mar 2026
Viewed by 489
Abstract
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farming represents a significant opportunity for developing sustainable regional aquaculture and food systems. This study assesses its potential using the Vologda Region in Northwest Russia as a case study. The methodology involved analyzing the compatibility of the [...] Read more.
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farming represents a significant opportunity for developing sustainable regional aquaculture and food systems. This study assesses its potential using the Vologda Region in Northwest Russia as a case study. The methodology involved analyzing the compatibility of the species’ ecological requirements with local hydrochemical conditions and evaluating production dynamics from 2016 to 2024 through trend analysis. The results confirm that key water bodies in the region provide suitable conditions for industrial-scale cage farming. Production exhibited exponential growth, increasing from 10 to 994 tonnes over the eight-year period, transitioning from a rapid expansion phase (2016–2020) to a phase of stable, sustainable growth (2021–2024) with annual increases of 100–150 tonnes. A SWOT analysis identified major strengths, including abundant water resources and government support, alongside critical challenges such as technological lag, dependence on imported inputs, and skilled labor shortages. The findings underscore the substantial potential of trout aquaculture to serve as a pillar of a localized food system in the region. Realizing this potential over the long term will require targeted investments in modern technology, value-added processing, and workforce development to mitigate existing constraints. Full article
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16 pages, 1448 KB  
Article
Microplastic Uptake in Fishes from Crișul Repede River (Bihor County, Romania): A Preliminary Study
by Diana Cupșa, Marcus Drimbea and Andrei Togor
Fishes 2026, 11(3), 159; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11030159 - 9 Mar 2026
Viewed by 614
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution in freshwater is an important global issue affecting an increasing number of areas. MP is ingested by aquatic organisms and transferred through food chains, causing impacts on both aquatic life and human health. While studies on MP uptake in the [...] Read more.
Microplastic (MP) pollution in freshwater is an important global issue affecting an increasing number of areas. MP is ingested by aquatic organisms and transferred through food chains, causing impacts on both aquatic life and human health. While studies on MP uptake in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of fish are numerous globally, in Romania, there are extremely few. As a result, we conducted research on this phenomenon in fish species from the Crișul Repede River (CR) in two river sectors with different levels of anthropogenic impact. We found out that 100% of the collected fish had MPs in their GIT, with most of the particles being small-sized fragments (0.025–0.1 mm). Upstream, benthopelagic species ingested more MPs than downstream, whereas for benthic species, the amount of MPs in the GIT was greater downstream. Larger individuals contained more MPs than smaller ones. The presence of MPs in fish bodies can pose a problem if these particles enter internal organs and trigger adverse physiological effects. Full article
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22 pages, 661 KB  
Article
Operational Performance of Aquavoltaics Under Different Stakeholder Cooperation Schemes: Evidence from White Shrimp Aquaculture in Taiwan
by Bo-Ying Chen, Po-Lin Huang, Yen-Lung Hou, Farok Afero, Szu-Han Liu and Cheng-Ting Huang
Fishes 2026, 11(3), 150; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11030150 - 6 Mar 2026
Viewed by 708
Abstract
Aquaculture faces rising climate-change risks, while photovoltaic power generation requires substantial land resources, underscoring the need for multifunctional land use in the energy transition. Aquavoltaics—combining aquaculture with solar power—has emerged, and its success depends on stakeholder cooperation. Using white shrimp aquaculture in Taiwan [...] Read more.
Aquaculture faces rising climate-change risks, while photovoltaic power generation requires substantial land resources, underscoring the need for multifunctional land use in the energy transition. Aquavoltaics—combining aquaculture with solar power—has emerged, and its success depends on stakeholder cooperation. Using white shrimp aquaculture in Taiwan as a case study, this study examines four cooperation schemes—a sole-investment scheme, a photovoltaic-led leasing scheme, a landowner lease-back scheme, and a separated aquaculture and photovoltaic operation scheme—across six aquavoltaic types. Cost–benefit and data envelopment analyses assess the economic returns and operational efficiency of aquaculture operators and photovoltaic companies under each scheme. The results show that all schemes offer profit potential but differ in efficiency and income distribution. The landowner lease-back scheme is most efficient for aquaculture operators, while photovoltaic companies operate near the efficiency frontier in all schemes. The findings highlight that cooperation design shapes the economic feasibility, efficiency, and livelihood impact of aquavoltaic systems, providing a useful reference for future policy and model design. Full article
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Review

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20 pages, 618 KB  
Review
Analysis of Edaphic Factors on the Role of Probiotics in the Development of Sustainable and Productive Aquaculture
by Dmitry Rudoy, Besarion Meskhi, Anastasiya Olshevskaya, Denis Kozyrev, Victoria Shevchenko, Mary Odabashyan, Svetlana Teplyakova and Alexander Rybak
Fishes 2025, 10(9), 457; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes10090457 - 8 Sep 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1795
Abstract
The use of antibiotics in aquaculture is associated with significant environmental risks, including ecosystem disruption and the accumulation of antibiotics in reservoirs and soil cover, as well as the spread of antibiotic-resistant strains, which encourages the search for sustainable alternatives, such as probiotics. [...] Read more.
The use of antibiotics in aquaculture is associated with significant environmental risks, including ecosystem disruption and the accumulation of antibiotics in reservoirs and soil cover, as well as the spread of antibiotic-resistant strains, which encourages the search for sustainable alternatives, such as probiotics. This review summarizes the research results on the use of probiotics in aquaculture systems. Special attention is paid to the action mechanisms and diverse effects on the health of aquatic animals, water quality and, most importantly, on the properties of soil in ponds. The research results show that certain strains of probiotics, in particular Bacillus spp., effectively decompose organic substances in sediments, reduce toxic metabolites’ concentration (ammonia, nitrites, hydrogen sulfide), stabilize soil structure, improve aeration and regulate sediments’ pH level and microbial diversity. However, the efficacy in field conditions can vary. Probiotics represent a science-based strategy to reduce dependence on antibiotics, increase system resilience by improving soil and water conditions, and increase productivity. In order to achieve maximum results, it is necessary to optimize the application methods, whilst taking into account local environmental factors. Full article
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