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Challenges and Research Trends of Energy Management

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "B: Energy and Environment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 February 2026 | Viewed by 2398

Special Issue Editors

College of Automotive Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
Interests: vehicle energy management; vehicle energy flow analysis; vehicle energy consumption testing and evaluation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
College of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300400, China
Interests: hybrid electric vehicle energy management; drive system control of electric vehicles; vehicle dynamics control

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Against the global backdrop of the energy transition and carbon neutrality, the energy management system (EMS) has increasingly emerged as the central decision-making hub for vehicle energy optimization in new energy vehicles. With diverse technological pathways, such as range-extended electric vehicles (REEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), achieving intelligent coordinated control of multi-energy systems, improving energy utilization efficiency, and extending the lifespan of power batteries have become cutting-edge topics of shared interest in academia and industry. Significant technical challenges remain, particularly in global energy management for intelligent connected vehicles, adaptability to complex operating conditions, dynamic demand response, and utilization of information.

This Special Issue aims to establish an international academic exchange platform by focusing on the latest research advances and innovative practices in energy management for new energy vehicles. It will cover the entire technical chain, from fundamental algorithm development to system integration and validation, such as powertrain modeling, condition analysis, control, ecological driving, testing, and evaluation.

We cordially invite scholars and experts worldwide to share theoretical research achievements and engineering application experiences, collectively driving the innovation and development of intelligent energy management technologies and supporting the transformation and upgrading of the new energy vehicle industry.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Optimal control strategies for multi-energy powertrain systems;
  • Intelligent energy management algorithms;
  • Information utilization in energy management;
  • Vehicle energy flow analysis;
  • Design of novel topology-based energy management systems;
  • Dynamic allocation and real-time optimization of vehicle energy flow;
  • Coordinated control of thermal-electric coupling management systems;
  • Intelligent state-of-health (SOH) assessment and lifespan extension strategies for batteries;
  • Vehicle thermal management;
  • Digital twin-based simulation and optimization of energy systems;
  • Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) testing and real-vehicle validation methodologies.

Through this Special Issue, we anticipate fostering academic exchanges that provide theoretical foundations and practical insights for technological innovation in new energy vehicle energy management. Together, we aim to advance the sustainable development of clean energy transportation systems.

Dr. Nan Xu
Dr. Yifan Jia
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • new energy vehicles
  • energy management
  • multi-energy powertrain systems
  • battery health management
  • thermal-electric coupling
  • global energy optimization
  • sustainable transportation

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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33 pages, 11067 KB  
Article
CFD-Driven Design Optimization of Corrugated-Flange Diffuser-Integrated Wind Turbines for Enhanced Performance
by Debela Alema Teklemariyem, Nasir Hussain Razvi Syed and Phong Ba Dao
Energies 2025, 18(17), 4601; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18174601 - 29 Aug 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 785
Abstract
In the global shift toward sustainable energy, enhancing the efficiency of renewable energy systems plays a pivotal role in advancing the Sustainable Development Goals. This study focuses on optimizing the design of a corrugated-flange diffuser integrated with a wind turbine to enhance its [...] Read more.
In the global shift toward sustainable energy, enhancing the efficiency of renewable energy systems plays a pivotal role in advancing the Sustainable Development Goals. This study focuses on optimizing the design of a corrugated-flange diffuser integrated with a wind turbine to enhance its performance, particularly in low-wind conditions. While most previous research has examined wind farm performance at high wind speeds, the challenge of effective power extraction at low wind speeds remains largely unresolved. The potential of diffusers to enhance wind turbine efficiency under low-wind conditions has received limited investigation, with most prior studies focusing solely on empty diffuser configurations without turbine integration. In addition, the influence of flange geometry on diffuser performance remains largely unexplored. In this study, parametric analyses were conducted to identify the optimal diffuser design, followed by comparative performance evaluations of configurations with and without turbine integration, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The results show that integrating a turbine with the optimized corrugated-flange diffuser increased flow velocity by 67.85%, achieving an average of approximately 14 m/s around the blade region. In comparison, the optimized corrugated-flange diffuser alone increased flow velocity by 44%, from 4.5 m/s to 8.036 m/s. These findings highlight the potential of optimized diffuser designs to enhance small-scale wind turbine performance in low-wind conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Challenges and Research Trends of Energy Management)
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19 pages, 8482 KB  
Article
Waste Heat Recovery in the Energy-Saving Technology of Stretch Film Production
by Krzysztof Górnicki, Paweł Obstawski and Krzysztof Tomczuk
Energies 2025, 18(15), 3957; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18153957 - 24 Jul 2025
Viewed by 704
Abstract
The stretch film production is highly energy intensive. The components of the technological line are powered by electrical energy, and the heat is used to change the physical state of the raw material (granules). The raw material is poured into FCR (the first [...] Read more.
The stretch film production is highly energy intensive. The components of the technological line are powered by electrical energy, and the heat is used to change the physical state of the raw material (granules). The raw material is poured into FCR (the first calender roller). To solidify the liquid raw material, the calendar must be cooled. The low-temperature heat, treated as waste heat, has dissipated in the atmosphere. Technological innovations were proposed: (a) the raw material comprises raw material (primary) and up to 80% recyclate (waste originating mainly from agriculture), (b) the use of low-temperature waste heat (the cooling of FCR in the process of foil stretch production). A heat recovery line based on two compressor heat pumps (HP, hydraulically coupled) was designed. The waste heat (by low-temperature HP) was transformed into high-temperature heat (by high-temperature HP) and used to prepare the raw material. The proposed technological line enables the management of difficult-to-manage post-production waste (i.e., agriculture and other economic sectors). It reduces energy consumption and raw materials from non-renewable sources (CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions are reducing). It implements a closed-loop economy based on renewable energy sources (according to the European Green Deal). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Challenges and Research Trends of Energy Management)
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Review

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41 pages, 2244 KB  
Review
Cutting-Edge Research: Artificial Intelligence Applications and Control Optimization in Advanced CO2 Cycles
by Jiaqi Dong, Yufu Zheng, Jianguang Zhao, Jun Luo and Yijian He
Energies 2025, 18(19), 5114; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18195114 - 25 Sep 2025
Viewed by 535
Abstract
In recent years, advanced CO2 cycles, including supercritical CO2 power cycles, transcritical CO2 power cycles and refrigeration cycles, have demonstrated significant potential for application across a broad spectrum of energy conversion processes, owing to their high efficiency and compact components [...] Read more.
In recent years, advanced CO2 cycles, including supercritical CO2 power cycles, transcritical CO2 power cycles and refrigeration cycles, have demonstrated significant potential for application across a broad spectrum of energy conversion processes, owing to their high efficiency and compact components that are environmentally benign and non-polluting. This study presents a comprehensive review of the dynamic performance and control strategies of these advanced CO2 cycles. It details the selection of system configurations and various control strategies, detailing the principles behind different control strategies, their applicable scopes, and their respective advantages. Furthermore, this study conducts a comparison between the joint control strategy and single control strategies for CO2 cycles, demonstrating the superiority of the joint control strategy in CO2 cycles. It then delves into the potential of novel control technologies for CO2 cycles, using model-based control technology powered by artificial intelligence as a case study. This study also offers an extensive overview of control theory, methodology, scope of application, and the pros and cons of various control strategies, with examples including extreme value-seeking control, model predictive control (MPC) based on an artificial neural network model, and MPC based on particle swarm optimization. Finally, it explores the application of AI-controlled CO2 cycles in new energy vehicles, solar power generation, aerospace, and other fields. It also provides an outlook on the development direction of CO2 cycle control strategies in light of the evolving trends in the energy sector and advancements in AI methodologies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Challenges and Research Trends of Energy Management)
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