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Perspective Solutions for Sustainable Electric Propulsion: Novel Motors and Drive Technologies with Reduced or No Rare-Earth Materials

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F: Electrical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 January 2026 | Viewed by 422

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Electrical Power Research Group, School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
Interests: electric motors; electric vehicles; permanent magnet synchronous motors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The transition toward sustainable electric propulsion is accelerating in response to environmental concerns and the global shift to clean energy; however, conventional electric machines often rely heavily on rare-earth permanent magnets, which pose significant challenges in terms of cost, availability, and environmental impact. This Special Issue explores perspective solutions through the development of novel electric motor topologies and advanced drive technologies that aim to reduce or eliminate rare-earth material use without compromising performance.

We welcome contributions focused on stator permanent magnet (stator-PM) motors, rotor-PM motors, and hybrid-excitation topologies. Particular emphasis is placed on designs that achieve high torque density, efficiency, high power density, and thermal robustness while minimizing demagnetization risk, particularly under fault or overload conditions.

Advances in drive systems and control strategies are also of interest, including new power converters, fault-tolerant control, and the use of wide-bandgap semiconductors. Integrated studies involving electromagnetic, thermal, and experimental validation are encouraged and special attention is paid to integrated motor–drive systems, where mechanical, electromagnetic, and power electronic subsystems are co-designed for optimal performance and reliability.

By bridging machine design with power electronics and intelligent control, this Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive outlook on rare-earth-conscious electric propulsion systems, supporting the next generation of sustainable technologies for various applications.

Areas of of interest for publication include, but are not limited to, the following topics:

  • Rare-earth-free or reduced rare-earth electric machine designs;
  • Stator-PM, rotor-PM, and hybrid excitation motor topologies;
  • Demagnetization modelling, mitigation, and testing;
  • Thermal robustness and thermal management;
  • Advanced drive circuits and converter topologies;
  • Control strategies for rare-earth-conscious motors;
  • Integrated motor–drive systems;
  • Multi-physics optimization and co-design;
  • Applications in EVs, aerospace, and renewable energy systems.

Dr. Ehsan Farmahini Farahani
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

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Keywords

  • rare-earth-free electric machines
  • stator permanent magnet motors
  • rotor-PM and hybrid excitation
  • demagnetization
  • thermal robustness
  • integrated motor–drive systems
  • sustainable electric propulsion
  • advanced drive technologies

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 3357 KB  
Article
Multi-Physics LCA-Based Design Optimization of an Interior Permanent Magnet Motor for EVs
by Farshid Mahmouditabar, Ehsan Farmahini Farahani, Volker Pickert and Mehmet C. Kulan
Energies 2025, 18(23), 6167; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18236167 - 25 Nov 2025
Viewed by 243
Abstract
This paper presents a multiphysics, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)-based design optimization framework for an interior permanent-magnet traction motor tailored to electric-vehicle duty. The workflow couples driving cycle realism, electromagnetic–thermal analysis, and life cycle assessment within a unified, computationally efficient process. Representative operating points [...] Read more.
This paper presents a multiphysics, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)-based design optimization framework for an interior permanent-magnet traction motor tailored to electric-vehicle duty. The workflow couples driving cycle realism, electromagnetic–thermal analysis, and life cycle assessment within a unified, computationally efficient process. Representative operating points are extracted from WMTC and ECE cycles using clustering, after which a multi-level Taguchi refinement searches the design space from coarse to fine. A weighted composite objective balances machine cost and life cycle cumulative emissions under hard constraints on torque capability and hotspot temperature. The optimized design satisfies performance and thermal limits while simultaneously reducing both cost and life cycle burden, as confirmed through phase-wise assessment of raw material, use-phase, and end-of-life contributions. Iterative improvements are accompanied by rising signal-to-noise ratios and reduced parameter-level spread, indicating greater robustness to operating variability. Overall, the study demonstrates that an LCA-driven, multiphysics-constrained optimization can deliver sustainable, high-performance IPM designs that are aligned with realistic vehicle operating conditions and readily adaptable to alternative motor and drive architectures. Full article
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