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Advanced Studies for Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage System

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A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "J: Thermal Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 7314

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Saeed Tiari

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Guest Editor

Biomedical and Industrial Systems Engineering Department, Gannon University, 109 University Square, Erie, PA 16541, USA
Interests: thermal energy storage; CFD; biotransport phenomena
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Mahboobe Mahdavi

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Guest Editor

Mechanical Engineering Department, Gannon University, 109 University Square, Erie, PA 16541, USA
Interests: solar energy; thermal energy storage systems; multiphase flow and heat transfer; computational fluid dynamics; porous media; heat pipes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Latent heat storage stores heat in a storage medium in the form of potential energy between the particles of the substance. The conversion between the heat and the potential energy within the substance involves a phase change; thus, heat storage occurs without significant temperature changes in the storage medium. Since the latent heat of a substance is much greater than the specific heat of the same substance, latent heat storage can store the same amount of heat in a much smaller volume. This is a significant advantage of latent heat storage systems. Latent heat storage relies on the phase changes of the medium (e.g., from solid to liquid) that use latent heat to store energy. These materials normally include: organic materials, paraffin- or non-paraffin-compounds, inorganic phase-changing materials, and eutectic mixtures.

Latent heat storage systems commonly employ phase-change materials (PCMs) during energy containment. PCMs have the potential for energy absorption as well as energy release, which involves a change of physical state. The PCMs display elevated energy containment and can maintain uniform temperature throughout the process.

While much effort is devoted latent heat thermal energy storage systems, there is a pressing need to innovate and demonstrate technologies to be implemented in this area. This Special Issue is focused on bringing together innovative developments, technologies, and solutions in the field of latent heat storage systems.

Dr. Saeed Tiari
Dr. Mahboobe Mahdavi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

latent heat storage
thermal energy storage
sensible heat storage systems
phase changes of the medium
solid–liquid phase change
phase change materials
thermal energy storage

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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30 pages, 55870 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Wire Cloth Heat Exchanger for Latent Heat Storages

by Sebastian Gamisch, Stefan Gschwander and Stefan J. Rupitsch

Energies 2021, 14(22), 7542; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14227542 - 11 Nov 2021

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1782

Abstract

Latent thermal energy storages (LTES) offer a high storage density within a narrow temperature range. Due to the typically low thermal conductivity of the applied phase change materials (PCM), the power of the storages is limited. To increase the power, an efficient heat exchanger with a large heat transfer surface and a higher thermal conductivity is needed. In this article, planar wire cloth heat exchangers are investigated to obtain these properties. They investigated the first time for LTES. Therefore, we developed a finite element method (FEM) model of the heat exchanger and validated it against the experimental characterization of a prototype LTES. As PCM, the commercially available paraffin RT35HC is used. The performance of the wire cloth is compared to tube bundle heat exchanger by a parametric study. The tube diameter, tube distance, wire diameter and heat exchanger distance were varied. In addition, aluminum and stainless steel were investigated as materials for the heat exchanger. In total, 654 variants were simulated. Compared to tube bundle heat exchanger with equal tube arrangement, the wire cloth can increase the mean thermal power by a factor of 4.20 but can also reduce the storage capacity by a minimum factor of 0.85. A Pareto frontier analysis shows that for a free arrangement of parallel tubes, the tube bundle and wire cloth heat exchanger reach similar performance and storage capacities. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies for Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage System)

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14 pages, 4586 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Simulative Investigation of Thermal Capacity Analysis Methods for Metallic Latent Thermal Energy Storage Systems

by Veronika Stahl, Werner Kraft, Peter Vetter and Florian Feder

Energies 2021, 14(8), 2241; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14082241 - 16 Apr 2021

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1263

Abstract

Latent heat storage systems are a promising technology for storing and providing thermal energy with low volume, mass and cost requirements, especially when operated at high temperatures. Metallic phase change materials are particularly advantageous for high thermal input and output, which is especially important for mobile applications. When designing a storage system, it is essential to have precise knowledge about the potential storage capacity. However, the system’s storage capacity is typically calculated from material properties determined at lab scale, although systemic boundary conditions can have a considerable influence. Systemic influences can result from thermal and reactive interfaces or from the storage design. In order to consider these influences, we propose three calorimetric procedures to thermally analyse high-temperature metallic latent energy storage systems at an application scale. We examined the procedures in a transient simulation environment, monitoring the storage capacity of the system. The procedure, based on adiabatic conditions, shows the least deviation from the simulation input parameters, but is limited to the heating process of the storage. Discharging the storage can be represented by isoperibolic conditions with controlled heat exchange. The precision of the procedures depends on the evaluation routine, the calibration routine, the heat extraction rate and the thermal inertia of the test bench. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies for Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage System)

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Review

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34 pages, 10507 KiB

Open AccessReview

Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Materials in Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage Systems: A Review

by Kassianne Tofani and Saeed Tiari

Energies 2021, 14(13), 3821; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14133821 - 25 Jun 2021

Cited by 45 | Viewed by 3580

Abstract

Latent heat thermal energy storage systems (LHTES) are useful for solar energy storage and many other applications, but there is an issue with phase change materials (PCMs) having low thermal conductivity. This can be enhanced with fins, metal foam, heat pipes, multiple PCMs, and nanoparticles (NPs). This paper reviews nano-enhanced PCM (NePCM) alone and with additional enhancements. Low, middle, and high temperature PCM are classified, and the achievements and limitations of works are assessed. The review is categorized based upon enhancements: solely NPs, NPs and fins, NPs and heat pipes, NPs with highly conductive porous materials, NPs and multiple PCMs, and nano-encapsulated PCMs. Both experimental and numerical methods are considered, focusing on how well NPs enhanced the system. Generally, NPs have been proven to enhance PCM, with some types more effective than others. Middle and high temperatures are lacking compared to low temperature, as well as combined enhancement studies. Al₂O₃, copper, and carbon are some of the most studied NP materials, and paraffin PCM is the most common by far. Some studies found NPs to be insignificant in comparison to other enhancements, but many others found them to be beneficial. This article also suggests future work for NePCM and LHTES systems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies for Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage System)

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