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Laser Additive Manufacturing: Materials, Technologies, and Applications
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Laser Additive Manufacturing: Materials, Technologies, and Applications

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Laser Coatings".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2025 | Viewed by 4383

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Zhao Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis, Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Interests: laser additive manufacturing; wire arc additive manufacturing; friction stir additive manufacturing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, rapid developments in laser additive manufacturing have been applied for the direct fabrications of metallic and non-metallic products with high flexibility and productivity in different fields. This is a revolutionary manufacturing process that fabricates continuum objects layer by layer using digital models or computer-aided design (CAD) data. What makes this process different from the conventional methods are the quick cooling rate and remelting/reheating phenomenon, which lead to different microstructural evolutions, which can be associated with the material types used, the designed process controls, and the complex geometries of objects.

This Special Issue is devoted to publishing original research and review articles which focus on all aspects of laser additive manufacturing. The topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Solidification on solid–liquid interfaces in laser additive manufacturing;
  • Processes for laser deposition repairing and modification;
  • Processes for laser-arc hybrid additive manufacturing;
  • Wear, corrosion, and erosion in laser additive manufacturing;
  • Characterization techniques for the improvement of laser additive manufacturing;
  • Crack and fatigue properties in laser additive manufacturing;
  • Process controls for laser additive manufacturing;
  • Fundamental and functional properties of surfaces and interfaces in laser deposition repair and modification;
  • Surface formation in laser additive manufacturing;
  • Modelling and simulations of laser additive manufacturing;
  • Digital twin of laser additive manufacturing;
  • Topological optimization in laser additive manufacturing.

Prof. Dr. Zhao Zhang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • laser additive manufacturing
  • directed energy deposition
  • powder bed fusion
  • laser deposition repairing and modification
  • laser-arc hybrid additive manufacturing

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 9111 KiB  
Article
Surface Modification of Bioactive Glasses by Femtosecond and CO2 Lasers
by Mario González-Quintas, Bruno Gago-Vidal, Erik Calvo-García, Hamza Sajjad, Antonio Riveiro, Rafael Comesaña and Juan Pou
Coatings 2025, 15(2), 195; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15020195 - 6 Feb 2025
Viewed by 817
Abstract
This study explores the potential of laser surface modification (LSM) to enhance the biological properties of melt-derived bioactive glasses, specifically 45S5 and ICIE16, which are key in medical implants due to their bone-regenerating capabilities. Despite their bioactivity, these materials have limitations in cellular [...] Read more.
This study explores the potential of laser surface modification (LSM) to enhance the biological properties of melt-derived bioactive glasses, specifically 45S5 and ICIE16, which are key in medical implants due to their bone-regenerating capabilities. Despite their bioactivity, these materials have limitations in cellular adhesion due to their smooth surfaces. LSM enables the creation of precise surface patterns that could improve interactions with biological environments. This study involved surface texturing bioactive glass (BG) samples using CO2 and femtosecond (fs) laser systems, modifying the laser average power, scanning speed, line spacing, and number of passes. Characterization methods included optical and stereoscopic microscopy, profilometry, and solubility tests in Tris-HCl buffer to evaluate surface roughness evolution, morphology, and bioactive behavior. The findings demonstrated significant modifications in surface properties post-texturing. The CO2 laser-treated surfaces preserve the increased roughness values after 75 days of immersion in Tris-HCl buffer for both 45S5 and ICIE16 melt-quenched bioactive glasses, showing a potential long-term osteoconductivity enhancement. On the contrary, the femtosecond laser-treated surfaces revealed a preferential apatite precipitation ability at the pattern grooves. Femtosecond laser modification stands as a suitable technique to provide preferential osteoconductivity characteristics when conducted on the surface of bioactive glass with moderate reactivity, such as ICIE16 bioactive glass. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Additive Manufacturing: Materials, Technologies, and Applications)
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17 pages, 9346 KiB  
Article
Serrated Flow Behavior in Commercial 5019 Aluminum Alloy
by Ewa Dryzek, Mirosław Wróbel, Stanisław Dymek, Mateusz Kopyściański, Piotr Uliasz and Piotr Wokurka
Coatings 2024, 14(11), 1402; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14111402 - 4 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1063
Abstract
Serrated flow effects are visible on a metal surface even after coating. Thus, they are undesirable to manufacturers and product users. To meet the expectations of the industry, research on the conditions for serrated flow occurrence in 5019 aluminum alloy was carried out [...] Read more.
Serrated flow effects are visible on a metal surface even after coating. Thus, they are undesirable to manufacturers and product users. To meet the expectations of the industry, research on the conditions for serrated flow occurrence in 5019 aluminum alloy was carried out and the results were collected in the current paper. Thus, the influence of the alloy initial microstructure due to different tempers as well as plastic deformation conditions, i.e., strain rate and temperature, on the alloy stress–strain behavior was determined. Two tempers were considered: the as-fabricated F-temper and the W-temper (i.e., quenched in water after annealing at 500 °C). The synergic influence of these tempers and their tensile test conditions on the serration behavior of the stress–strain curves, i.e., the stress drop and reloading time, were also determined and categorized. Structural and X-ray diffraction studies rationalized the stress–strain characteristics according to dynamic strain aging models with positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy providing insight into the role of lattice defects (i.e., dislocations and vacancies). The map of the serrated flow domain allowed us to obtain the activation energy of the onset of the Portevin–Le Chatelier effect equal to 56 kJ/mol. It is close to the activation energy for the pipe diffusion mechanism, obtained by applying the model formulated originally for Type B stress serration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Additive Manufacturing: Materials, Technologies, and Applications)
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14 pages, 6160 KiB  
Article
Energy-Absorption Behavior of Novel Bio-Inspired Thin-Walled Honeycomb Tubes Filled with TPMS Structure
by Jian Song, Qidong Huo, Dongming Li, Bingzhi Chen and Jun Zhang
Coatings 2024, 14(6), 675; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14060675 - 27 May 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1897
Abstract
The application of bionic structures for the design of energy-absorbing structures has been proposed recently. The rapid advancement of additive manufacturing technology provides technical support for the fabrication of non-traditional structures and further improves the energy-absorbing properties of bionic structures. This work proposes [...] Read more.
The application of bionic structures for the design of energy-absorbing structures has been proposed recently. The rapid advancement of additive manufacturing technology provides technical support for the fabrication of non-traditional structures and further improves the energy-absorbing properties of bionic structures. This work proposes a novel bionic hybrid structure that consists of honeycomb-inspired thin-walled tubes filled with weevil-inspired diamond TPMS (triple periodic minimal surface) structures. The energy-absorbing properties and the deformation behaviors of these topologies under axial crushing loads were investigated using combined numerical simulations and experimental tests. First, the effect of filling quantity and filling distribution on energy absorption of the hybrid structures was investigated. Results show that honeycomb tubes and diamond TPMS structures produce a synergistic effect during compression, and the hybrid structures exhibit excellent stability and energy absorption capacity. The bionic hybrid structure improves specific energy absorption (SEA) by 299% compared to honeycomb tubes. Peak crush force (PCF) and SEA are more influenced by filling quantity than by filling distribution. The effects of diamond TPMS structure volume fraction and honeycomb tube wall thickness on the energetic absorptive capacity of the hybrid structure were furthermore investigated numerically. Finally, a multi-objective optimization method was used to optimize the design of the bionic hybrid structure and balance the relationship between crashworthiness and cost to obtain a bionic hybrid energy-absorbing structure with superior performance. This study provides valuable guidelines for designing and fabricating lightweight and efficient energy-absorbing structures with significant potential for engineering applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Additive Manufacturing: Materials, Technologies, and Applications)
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