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Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces: Biomedical and Healthcare Applications
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Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces: Biomedical and Healthcare Applications

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Surface Coatings for Biomedicine and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 March 2025 | Viewed by 6338

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Tsvetelina Batsalova

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Developmental Biology, Plovdiv University “Paisii Hilendarski”, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Interests: bionanotechnology; in vitro cytotoxicity; anticancer and immunomodulatory activity; biocompatibility evaluations; autoimmune diseases; protein posttranslational modifications
Dr. Denitsa Kiradzhiyska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Sciences, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Interests: nanomaterials; biocompatible materials; metal coatings; surface modification techniques

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanostructured materials play a significant role in generating new advanced classes of products with biomedical and healthcare applications. They will undoubtedly continue to develop and improve in the future. The unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials that substantially differ from the same type of substance with micro or macro size influence and provide new advantageous biological activities like antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects, the ability to cross biological barriers, biocompatibility, etc. These important features highlight nanostructured materials as prominent candidates for the generation of improved scaffolds for tissue engineering, the development of drug-, gene-, and siRNA-delivery systems for the treatment and therapy of various diseases (cancer, infectious diseases, genetic, and autoimmune disorders), the production of sophisticated biosensors, wound dressings, and medical implants. In addition, the generation of nanostructured surfaces brings new opportunities to engineer multifunctional interfaces with important biomedical and clinical potential.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to consolidate recent findings and provide new insights into the production and characteristics of nanostructured materials and interfaces with biomedical significance. Thus, we aim for this Special Issue to serve as an invaluable reference to those working on the design of novel nanostructured materials and interfaces for healthcare applications.

Research topics of interest of the present Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Design and synthesis of nanostructured materials and interfaces, evaluations of their physicochemical properties, biological activity, and healthcare potential;
  • Recent scientific and technological developments of nanostructured materials and interfaces and emerging biomedical and clinical applications;
  • Surface characterization and current challenges in processing technologies and engineering specific interfaces relevant for biomedical use;
  • Different methods and alternative technologies to obtain multifunctional 2D and 3D nanostructured interfaces with biomedical and healthcare applications.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Tsvetelina Batsalova
Dr. Denitsa Kiradzhiyska
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanostructured materials and interfaces
  • multifunctional surfaces
  • design, synthesis, and processing technologies
  • physical, chemical, and biological evaluations
  • surface characterization
  • biomedical and healthcare applications

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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15 pages, 2563 KiB  
Article
β-Cyclodextrin-Modified Cotton Fabric for Medical and Hospital Applications with Photodynamic Antibacterial Activity Using Methylene Blue
by Helen Beraldo Firmino, Emilly Karoline Tonini Silva Volante, Ana Claudia Pedrozo da Silva, Fabio Alexandre Pereira Scacchetti, Manuel José Lis, Meritxell Martí, Siddanth Saxena, André Luiz Tessaro and Fabrício Maestá Bezerra
Coatings 2024, 14(9), 1100; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14091100 - 1 Sep 2024
Viewed by 561
Abstract
The use of cyclodextrins in textiles for the development of biofunctional fabrics represents an interesting alternative for the advancement of dental, medical, and hospital materials. Cyclodextrins can interact with the chemical groups present in cotton fibers, leading to the formation of a nanostructured [...] Read more.
The use of cyclodextrins in textiles for the development of biofunctional fabrics represents an interesting alternative for the advancement of dental, medical, and hospital materials. Cyclodextrins can interact with the chemical groups present in cotton fibers, leading to the formation of a nanostructured surface with specific functional properties, including antibacterial activity. Although there are numerous antibacterial textile finishes, the use of methylene blue as a cyclodextrin host molecule for photodynamic applications in textile materials remains to be investigated. This is because methylene blue is a photosensitive dye capable of generating singlet oxygen (1O2) when illuminated, which inactivates the pathogenic microorganisms that may be present in wounds. The objective of this study was to develop a biofunctionalized and photoactivatable cotton fabric with antimicrobial properties for use in the cosmetic or medical industries. The materials obtained were characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR), the determination of cotton fabric functionalization dyeing variables, colorimetry, UV-VIS spectrophotometry, degradation of 9,10-anthracenediyl-bis(methylene)dimalonic acid (ABDA), photodegradation tests, and microbiological analysis. The results showed that the textile was functionalized with β-cyclodextrin, mainly evidenced by the appearance of the band at 1730 cm−1, indicating the formation of the ester group. Thus, when exposed to light, the non-functionalized material showed greater photobleaching, about 60%, compared to the material treated with cyclodextrin. This result was also reflected in the ABDA degradation kinetics, with the treated material showing 592.00% (first phase) and 966.20% (second phase) higher degradation than the untreated sample. Finally, the photodynamic activity was determined based on the antimicrobial properties of the textile, showing a reduction of more than 99% without exposure to light and 100% when exposed to light. It is believed that this study could open avenues for future research and the development of antimicrobial fabrics, as well as demonstrate the efficiency of the treatment with cyclodextrin in relation to photobleaching. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces: Biomedical and Healthcare Applications)
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14 pages, 7449 KiB  
Article
Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity Evaluations of Silver–Zeolite Nanocomposite
by Denitsa Kiradzhiyska, Tsvetelina Batsalova, Balik Dzhambazov, Nikolina Milcheva, Kiril Gavazov, Nikolay Zahariev, Georgi Avdeev and Stanislava Simeonova
Coatings 2024, 14(6), 681; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14060681 - 29 May 2024
Viewed by 629
Abstract
Zeolites of natural origin are materials exhibiting many positive effects on the human body. Silver-modified zeolites have already been introduced as bactericidal agents, although studies dealing with their toxicity are insufficient. This work describes the synthesis of activated and silver-loaded Bulgarian zeolite using [...] Read more.
Zeolites of natural origin are materials exhibiting many positive effects on the human body. Silver-modified zeolites have already been introduced as bactericidal agents, although studies dealing with their toxicity are insufficient. This work describes the synthesis of activated and silver-loaded Bulgarian zeolite using a simple wet impregnation method. Morphological characteristics and compositions of natural zeolite, activated zeolite, and Ag-nanocomposites were studied by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods. Silver loading is approximately 13 wt. %, with mean Ag particle size around 19 nm. Analyses of the samples included antioxidant activity assays based on ABTS radical scavenging ability and in vitro cytotoxicity tests with human normal fibroblasts and three adenocarcinoma cell lines. The experiments were performed with natural, activated, and Ag-modified zeolite in comparison to two commercial food supplements. Our results indicated moderate antioxidant activity of the tested samples. Silver-modified zeolite demonstrated cytotoxic effects against both tumor cells and normal fibroblasts, but the detected levels of inhibition were stronger against the adenocarcinoma cells, suggesting anti-tumor potential. The present article indicates a new aspect of Bulgarian natural zeolite and Ag-loaded zeolite biological activity. It highlights the need for detailed toxicity evaluations of Ag-nanocomposites prior to healthcare applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces: Biomedical and Healthcare Applications)
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21 pages, 24896 KiB  
Article
The Influence of the Q-SUN and UV-B Irradiation on the Antiviral Properties of the PP Films Covered with the Coatings Based on ZnO Nanoparticles and TiO2
by Małgorzata Mizielińska and Artur Bartkowiak
Coatings 2024, 14(1), 125; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14010125 - 17 Jan 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1116
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to analyze the antiviral activity of coatings based on ZnO nanoparticles and TiO2. The goal was also to investigate the influence of accelerated UV-B and Q-SUN irradiation on their effectiveness. The results of the performed [...] Read more.
The purpose of this research was to analyze the antiviral activity of coatings based on ZnO nanoparticles and TiO2. The goal was also to investigate the influence of accelerated UV-B and Q-SUN irradiation on their effectiveness. The results of the performed analysis demonstrated that only one of four coatings containing nanoparticles demonstrated high antiviral activity. Q-SUN irradiation had a positive influence on the antiviral properties of the other three coatings. After 24 h of accelerated irradiation, these coatings demonstrated moderate antiviral effectiveness, confirming that Q-SUN irradiation improved the properties of the active layers (by activating ZnO nanoparticles and TiO2). Unfortunately, after 48 h of irradiation, the activity of the coatings decreased, confirming that the irradiation time should not be too long. Comparing the influence of the UV-B irradiation on the coating activity to the Q-SUN irradiation, it has to be mentioned that UV-B irradiation (24 h) also improved the antiviral properties of the three coatings, which were not active before irradiation. However, it decreased the activity of the coating that was active before UV aging. Unfortunately, none of those analyzed coatings were active after 48 h of UV-B irradiation, confirming that the irradiation time should be shorter. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces: Biomedical and Healthcare Applications)
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21 pages, 5528 KiB  
Article
Nanohydroxyapatite Loaded with 5-Fluorouracil and Calendula officinalis L. Plant Extract Rich in Myo-Inositols for Treatment of Ovarian Cancer Cells
by Magdalena Osial, Sławomir Wilczewski, Joanna Szulc, Hai Dang Nguyen, Thi Kieu Oanh Nguyen, Katarzyna Skórczewska, Agnieszka Majkowska-Pilip, Kinga Żelechowska-Matysiak, Dorota Nieciecka, Agnieszka Pregowska, Thu Phuong Nguyen, Alicja Tymoszuk, Dariusz Kulus and Michael Giersig
Coatings 2023, 13(11), 1944; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13111944 - 14 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1636
Abstract
In this study, the hydroxyapatite (HAp) in the form of nanoparticles was synthesized through the wet co-precipitation method and loaded with plant extract from Calendula officinalis L. rich in biologically active myo-inositol, and the 5-fluorouracil anticancer drug. The obtained nanomaterials have rod-like [...] Read more.
In this study, the hydroxyapatite (HAp) in the form of nanoparticles was synthesized through the wet co-precipitation method and loaded with plant extract from Calendula officinalis L. rich in biologically active myo-inositol, and the 5-fluorouracil anticancer drug. The obtained nanomaterials have rod-like structures approx. 30 nm in diameter and 100 nm in length. FT-IR analysis results proved the immobilization of biologically active compounds. The loading of plant extract into the carrier improved the stability of colloidal suspension, which was confirmed with turbidimetry. The composite modified with calendula extract and drug (HAp@Cal@5-flu) effectively scavenges the DPPH radicals, with a radical scavenging activity (RSA) of about 20.0 ± 1.3%. The effect is supported by the DFT calculations of the HOMO-LUMO, presenting the chemical reactivity of the molecules loaded into the HAp. The in vitro cytotoxicity results on SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cells show the pronounced cytotoxic effect of the HAp@Cal@5-flu. The calendula extract loading into the carrier provided better interactions with the tumorous biomimetic membranes studied with a Langmuir trough, making it a promising material in nano-biomedicine, including drug delivery and targeted cancer treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces: Biomedical and Healthcare Applications)
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30 pages, 1508 KiB  
Systematic Review
Antimicrobial Activity of Photocatalytic Coatings on Surfaces: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Francesca Ubaldi, Federica Valeriani, Veronica Volpini, Giusy Lofrano and Vincenzo Romano Spica
Coatings 2024, 14(1), 92; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14010092 - 10 Jan 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1883
Abstract
Photocatalytic technologies represent an innovative method to reduce microbial load on surfaces, even considering recent public health emergencies involving coronaviruses and other microorganisms, whose presence has been detected on surfaces. In this review paper, the antimicrobial efficacy of various photocatalysts applied by different [...] Read more.
Photocatalytic technologies represent an innovative method to reduce microbial load on surfaces, even considering recent public health emergencies involving coronaviruses and other microorganisms, whose presence has been detected on surfaces. In this review paper, the antimicrobial efficacy of various photocatalysts applied by different coating methods on different surfaces has been compared and critically discussed. Publications reviewing the use of photocatalytic coatings on surfaces for antimicrobial effectiveness have been examined. Clear search parameters were employed to analyze the PubMed, Scopus, and WOS databases, resulting in 45 papers published between 2006 to 2023 that met the inclusion criteria. The paper assessed various types of photocatalytic coatings that targeted different microbial objectives. Based on the pooled data analysis, the TiO2 coating exhibited a substantial effect in decreasing bacteria strains, both Gram-positive and -negative (99.4%). Although the diversity of these technologies poses significant obstacles to obtaining a comprehensive final assessment of their effectiveness and feasibility for surface application, subgroup analysis indicated significant variations in the removal efficiency of Gram-positive strains based on different surface types (p = 0.005) and time of exposure (p = 0.05). Photocatalytic coatings provide a promising approach to combating the spread of microorganisms on surfaces. Further “in-field” investigations are necessary in the foreseeable future to explore and optimize this novel and exciting health technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces: Biomedical and Healthcare Applications)
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