Recent Advances in Superhydrophobic and Icephobic Surfaces, Second Edition

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2027 | Viewed by 1909

Special Issue Editor

Anti-Icing Materials (AIM) Laboratory, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
Interests: superhydrophobic surfaces; superoleophilic surfaces; icephobic surfaces
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I invite you to submit your recent research to the Special Issue “Recent Advances in Superhydrophobic and Icephobic Surfaces, Second Edition”. Bio-inspired by nature, superhydrophobic surfaces have been utilized in various applications, including self-cleaning, anti-icing, anti-fouling, anti-fogging, anti-corrosion, oil/water separation, sensors, and energy storage devices. The long-term use and maintenance of superhydrophobicity in harsh environments remain significant challenges in practical applications, which we strive to overcome by rationally designing mechanically durable superhydrophobic surfaces. Due to their excellent water repellency, superhydrophobic surfaces can be applied in the field of anti-icing. However, they can lose their icephobicity due to many factors (i.e., condensation, the interlocking effect between the ice and the interface, the sustainability of their low surface energy); thus, we welcome the submission of research regarding the similarities, distinctions, and relationships between superhydrophobic and icephobic surfaces.

Although the accumulation of ice on exposed surfaces is unavoidable as time elapses and temperatures lower sufficiently, to solve such a problem, various types of icephobic surfaces have been developed, including superhydrophobic surfaces (SHSs), aqueous lubricating layers, organic lubricating layers, organogels, polyelectrolyte brush layers, electrolyte-based hydrogels, multi-crack initiator-promoted surfaces, etc. Generally, two important properties in the design of icephobic surfaces are a low ice adhesion strength and mechanical durability after icing/de-icing cycles. Moreover, very recently, the use of active de-icing approaches (utilizing magnetic responsive, electro-thermal, and photo-thermal stimuli) and passive icephobic surfaces has been combined for the realization of rapid and reliable de-icing.

In short, the aim of this Special Issue is to summarize recent experimental and computational advances in research on both superhydrophobic and icephobic surfaces. We hope to open new pathways for further study in these areas.

In particular, the topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • The design and preparation of superhydrophobic and icephobic surfaces;
  • Various applications of superhydrophobic surfaces;
  • The sustainability and durability of superhydrophobicity;
  • Correlations between superhydrophobicity and icephobicity;
  • The icing delay time on icephobic surfaces;
  • Low-ice-adhesion-strength surfaces;
  • Durable icephobic surfaces;
  • Anti-icing mechanisms;
  • Active de-icing approaches (using electro-thermal or photo-thermal stimuli);
  • Multi-scale simulations of superhydrophobic and icephobic surfaces.

I look forward to receiving your valuable contributions.

Dr. Zhiwei He
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • self-cleaning
  • repellency
  • anti-icing
  • icing delay time
  • ice adhesion strength

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 5076 KB  
Article
Study of the Effects of Blade Surface Icing on the Aerodynamic Performance of a Small-Scale VAWT via Wind Tunnel Test and Numerical Simulation
by Guanxi Pan, Yuqi Zhang, Hao Yan and Zhiyuan Liu
Coatings 2026, 16(5), 566; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings16050566 - 8 May 2026
Viewed by 301
Abstract
During the worldwide energy transition, wind power has become a leading development direction. Compared to large-scale horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWTs), small-scale vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) show potential, lack yaw mechanisms, adapt to wind direction changes, and are cost-effective. However, small-scale VAWTs operate in [...] Read more.
During the worldwide energy transition, wind power has become a leading development direction. Compared to large-scale horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWTs), small-scale vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) show potential, lack yaw mechanisms, adapt to wind direction changes, and are cost-effective. However, small-scale VAWTs operate in the near-surface atmospheric boundary layer and are sensitive to low-temperature and high-humidity climates, which cause blade icing. Ice buildup leads to fluctuations in aerodynamic loads, reduces power output, and diminishes stability. This study focuses on the NACA-0018 airfoil, using a low-temperature wind tunnel platform to simulate freezing durations to obtain ice characteristics on the blade surface. Based on ice profiles, numerical models were developed. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques were used to perform unsteady simulations of aerodynamic performance at various icing durations, investigating the influence on the power coefficient. The results indicate that the effect of icing duration on the average power coefficient depends on TSR. At the 5 min icing stage, the optimal tip-speed ratio decreases. Icing deteriorates aerodynamic performance at high tip-speed ratios, while producing positive optimization effects at low tip-speed ratios. This paper reveals the variation patterns of aerodynamic performance and differentiated mechanisms during the icing process of small vertical-axis wind turbine blades, providing a theoretical basis and data support for the development of surface anti-icing technologies and safe, efficient operation in low-temperature environments. Full article
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27 pages, 11627 KB  
Article
Wind Tunnel Tests on Anti-Icing Performance of Wind Turbine Blade with NACA0018 Airfoil with Bio-Wax PCMS-PUR Coating
by Zheng Sun, Yiting Wang, He Shen, Haotian Zheng, Hailin Li, Yan Li and Fang Feng
Coatings 2025, 15(11), 1305; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15111305 - 7 Nov 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1035
Abstract
The increasing prominence of blade icing in wind power generation within cold regions has positioned anti-icing coating technology as a key research focus. This study synthesised phase-change microcapsules using bio-wax as the core material and isophorone diisocyanate as the shell material via interfacial [...] Read more.
The increasing prominence of blade icing in wind power generation within cold regions has positioned anti-icing coating technology as a key research focus. This study synthesised phase-change microcapsules using bio-wax as the core material and isophorone diisocyanate as the shell material via interfacial polymerisation. These microcapsules were then compounded with polyurethane to form an anti-icing coating, whose properties and anti-icing performance were systematically investigated. Key findings indicate that a 1% emulsifier concentration yielded microcapsules with a concentrated particle size distribution (≈20 μm). Microcapsules with a core-to-shell ratio of 7:3 exhibited optimal thermal storage performance, characterised by a melting enthalpy of 49.73 J/g and an encapsulation efficiency of 78%, establishing this as the optimal formulation. Icing wind tunnel tests demonstrated enhanced anti-icing efficacy with increasing microcapsule concentration. At 36% concentration, the coating achieved an anti-icing efficiency of 65.80% under conditions of −15 °C and 3 m/s wind speed, and 64.05% at −10 °C and 6 m/s. The coating maintained its effectiveness under high wind speeds, though its performance diminished with increased water spray flux. The coating functioned by delaying ice formation through phase-change heat release. It consistently demonstrated an anti-icing efficiency exceeding 60% across operational conditions −15 °C to −5 °C and wind speeds of 3–9 m/s. This work provides an efficient and environmentally friendly anti-icing solution for wind turbine blades in cold regions. Full article
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