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Coatings
Special Issues
Laser Welding and Cladding for Enhanced Mechanical Performance
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Laser Welding and Cladding for Enhanced Mechanical Performance

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "High-Energy Beam Surface Engineering and Coatings".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 October 2026 | Viewed by 1711

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Egidijus Vanagas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius, Lithuania
Interests: laser surface engineering; laser material processing

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Currently, laser processing of materials is a key activity in the development of new technologies for both recent and future applications across a wide range of industries. New solutions can be implemented, starting from common laser welding and cladding processes on metal materials and further expanding to pairs or sandwich “non-compatible” groups of materials, such as metal, glass, plastics, and organic tissues. Laser tools have already enabled us to work on this issue for over sixty years. However, as laser capabilities and specifications continue to develop, new solutions will emerge, driving innovation and progress. Each problem or objective has a solution; what is needed is the right to competencies, collaboration, exchange of opinions and ideas, creativity, a supportive environment, and financial backing.

Thus, we encourage scientific and engineering societies to share innovative ideas and attractive solutions, along with the experimental results and numerical simulations. Submitting a paper to this Special Issue, titled “Laser Welding and Cladding for Enhanced Mechanical Performance”, will allow us to showcase your contributions to the science and engineering of laser welding and cladding.

Dr. Egidijus Vanagas
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • coatings
  • coating engineering
  • laser-assisted coatings
  • laser welding
  • laser cladding
  • laser peening
  • CW laser
  • nanosecond laser
  • picosecond laser
  • femtosecond laser
  • metal–metal welding/cladding
  • glass–metal welding/cladding
  • plastic–metal welding/cladding
  • glass–glass welding/cladding

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 5502 KB  
Article
Effect of Welding Current on Microstructure and Properties of 7075/6061 Aluminum Alloy Dissimilar Pulsed MIG Welded Joints
by Zhongying Liu, Linjun Liu, Shuai Li and Sanming Du
Coatings 2026, 16(5), 608; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings16050608 - 18 May 2026
Viewed by 307
Abstract
Dissimilar 7075-T6 and 6061-T6 aluminum alloy joints were fabricated using pulsed metal inert gas (P-MIG) welding with ER5356 filler wire. The effects of welding current (224 A, 234 A, and 244 A) on macro-morphology, microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior were systematically investigated. [...] Read more.
Dissimilar 7075-T6 and 6061-T6 aluminum alloy joints were fabricated using pulsed metal inert gas (P-MIG) welding with ER5356 filler wire. The effects of welding current (224 A, 234 A, and 244 A) on macro-morphology, microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior were systematically investigated. As welding current increased, the top and bottom reinforcements first increased and then decreased, reaching maximum values at 234 A, while the front weld width exhibited the opposite trend. The weld zone consisted of equiaxed and dendritic grains, with partial remelting of AlFeMnSi intermetallic compounds observed in the heat-affected zones. The microhardness and tensile strength of the joints followed a similar trend of first decreasing and then increasing with welding current, achieving a maximum tensile strength of 203.9 MPa at 244 A, corresponding to 89.5% of the 6061-T6 base metal strength. Corrosion resistance varied across regions depending on the evaluation method. In intergranular corrosion tests, the 7075-HAZ showed the highest susceptibility due to grain boundary segregation of Mg and Zn. In electrochemical tests, the WZ exhibited the poorest corrosion resistance. For the 7075-HAZ, optimal corrosion resistance was achieved at 234 A, attributed to a stable passive film and uniform precipitate distribution. These findings provide valuable guidance for optimizing P-MIG welding parameters for dissimilar 7075/6061 aluminum alloy joints. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Welding and Cladding for Enhanced Mechanical Performance)
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16 pages, 2954 KB  
Article
Analysis of the Whole Process Evolution of Deformation in Q420 Thin Plate Welding and the Influence of Welding Speed Based on 3D DIC
by Xiqiang Ma, Yaoyao Li, Nan Guo and Yangyang Li
Coatings 2026, 16(5), 573; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings16050573 - 9 May 2026
Viewed by 260
Abstract
To investigate the effect of welding speed on the out-of-plane deformation of Q420 low-alloy high-strength steel thin plates, this study employed a three-dimensional digital image correlation system to monitor the deformation dynamically during TIG welding and cooling. Unlike existing studies that mostly focus [...] Read more.
To investigate the effect of welding speed on the out-of-plane deformation of Q420 low-alloy high-strength steel thin plates, this study employed a three-dimensional digital image correlation system to monitor the deformation dynamically during TIG welding and cooling. Unlike existing studies that mostly focus on post-weld residual deformation or a single welding stage, this study, under a fixed current of 36 A and arc voltage of 14 V, sets welding speeds ranging from 4.5 to 11.8 mm/s, and for the first time systematically reveals the complete evolution path of Q420 thin plate (2 mm) welding deformation, which includes “thermal expansion—instability mutation—elastic rebound—residual stabilization”. The results show that the welding speed is significantly negatively correlated with the out-of-plane deformation. Although low-speed welding has a high peak plastic strain, the final residual strain is almost completely released; while high-speed welding has a low peak strain but retains a relatively high residual strain. This abnormal phenomenon reveals the deep mechanism that the accumulation and release of plastic strain are asymmetrically regulated by the welding speed. These findings support process optimization for high-strength steel thin plates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Welding and Cladding for Enhanced Mechanical Performance)
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17 pages, 16074 KB  
Article
Effect of TiBN Content on Microstructure and Properties of Cu-Ni Gradient Coatings Prepared by Laser Cladding
by Fulong Zhang, Sen Lu, Junquan Zhang, Bo Cui, Shuangyu Liu, Qiushi Zhang, Ping Lu, Binhua Wang and Yanzhou Li
Coatings 2025, 15(12), 1455; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15121455 - 9 Dec 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 721
Abstract
This study introduces a Ni15 intermediate layer to address cracks and low laser absorption in laser cladding of pure copper on 45 steel, preventing thermal stress and improving bonding strength. TiBN ceramic particles are added to enhance laser absorption and improve surface strength [...] Read more.
This study introduces a Ni15 intermediate layer to address cracks and low laser absorption in laser cladding of pure copper on 45 steel, preventing thermal stress and improving bonding strength. TiBN ceramic particles are added to enhance laser absorption and improve surface strength and wear resistance. Cu-TiBN gradient coatings with varying TiBN contents (0–8 wt.%) were fabricated on 45 steel. The study examines the coatings’ morphology, microstructure, phase composition, hardness, tribological performance, and wear mechanisms. Results show that TiBN alters the coating’s structure, refining the grains. With TiBN content over 4%, the coating mainly consists of the CuNi phase, and strengthening phases like NiTi and Cu2Ti form. Hardness increases from 66HV0.1 to 270HV0.1. The Cu-TiBN gradient coating outperforms pure copper in mechanical properties and wear resistance. The coating with 2% TiBN has the lowest friction coefficient (0.637), but higher TiBN content increases brittleness and cannot play a good role in reducing friction. The study demonstrates that TiBN boosts laser efficiency and wear resistance in copper-based coatings, offering a novel approach to laser cladding. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Welding and Cladding for Enhanced Mechanical Performance)
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