Surface Engineering of Solid-State Electrochemical Systems for Energy Conversion and Storage

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Surface Engineering for Energy Harvesting, Conversion, and Storage".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2026 | Viewed by 871

Special Issue Editors

DIFI, Università degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, Italy
Interests: adsorption at surfaces and surface reactions; chemistry of 2D materials; XPS; vibrational spectroscopy; energy harvesting at surfaces

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Guest Editor
DICCA, Università degli Studi di Genova, Via all’Opera Pia 15, 16145 Genova, Italy
Interests: solid oxide cells; physical-based modelling; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; heterointerfaces

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The quest for high-performance solid-state devices for energy conversion and storage calls for the engineering of their surface properties. This Special Issue foresees scientific contributions on the nano- and micro-scale of material properties, focusing on the surface engineering of solid-state electrochemical systems.

Researchers are invited to submit original articles and reviews covering both experiments and numerical simulations on fuel cells, electrolyzers, batteries, and electrocatalysis, as well as on vibrational energy harvesting. In particular, original works based on mechanistic descriptions of the electrochemical phenomena occurring at the electrode surface and electrode/electrolyte interface are strongly encouraged. This Special Issue also aims at elucidating the microstructure–performance correlation of energy conversion systems, focusing on the understanding of the role of surfaces and interfaces.

The following topics will be addressed:

  • Electrochemistry at surfaces and interfaces;
  • Design optimization of electrode–electrolyte interface for solid-state electrochemical devices;
  • Physical-based and electrochemical modelling;
  • Surface and interface modification by energy deposition techniques;
  • Infiltration and exsolution techniques for the decoration of scaffold walls;
  • Surface and interface engineering by phase inversion and freeze casting methods;
  • Surface science applied to energy harvesting, conversion and storage systems;
  • Experimental methods for the characterization of surfaces of electrochemical interest.

Dr. Luca Vattuone
Dr. Davide Cademartori
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • surface electrochemistry
  • energy conversion and storage
  • vibrational energy harvesting
  • nano- and micro-surface engineering
  • modeling of electrochemical processes

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 7529 KB  
Article
Effect of the Ferrite–Austenite Phase Ratio on the Silver Coating Properties of Super Duplex Stainless Steel EN 1.4501 for Li-Ion Battery Cases
by Yelee Paeng, Shinho Kim, Sung-Bo Heo, Seung Hun Lee, Sanghun Lee, Byung-Hyun Shin and Yangdo Kim
Coatings 2025, 15(12), 1423; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15121423 - 4 Dec 2025
Viewed by 331
Abstract
With the growing demand for durable and corrosion-resistant materials in advanced Li-ion battery cases, super duplex stainless steels (SDSSs) have emerged as promising candidates due to their excellent mechanical and electrochemical properties. This study aims to investigate how the ferrite and austenite phase [...] Read more.
With the growing demand for durable and corrosion-resistant materials in advanced Li-ion battery cases, super duplex stainless steels (SDSSs) have emerged as promising candidates due to their excellent mechanical and electrochemical properties. This study aims to investigate how the ferrite and austenite phase balance in SDSS EN 1.4501 affects the microstructural and electrochemical behavior of Ag coatings, tailored for next-generation battery enclosure applications. Ag coatings were deposited to PVD (to 1 μm) on SDSS EN 1.4501 substrates with varying ferrite (from 32 vol.% to 70 vol.%) and austenite ratios (from 56 vol.% to 30 vol.%) to evaluate the influence of phase balance on coating performance. Microstructural analysis was performed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM, mag x 1000), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and X-ray diffraction (XRD, from 20° to 80°), which provided insights into surface morphology, crystallographic texture, and phase distribution. Electrochemical characteristics were assessed through open circuit potential (OCP), and potentiodynamic polarization in a simulated corrosive environment. The results showed that a balanced duplex microstructure promoted superior Ag coating adhesion, grain refinement, and uniform phase distribution. Furthermore, the electrochemical analyses indicated enhanced corrosion resistance and passivation layer stability in volume fraction balanced substrates, as evidenced by more noble OCP values (form −0.06 V to −0.11 V), and potentiodynamic polarization value (higher corrosion potential (from 0.08 V to 0.10 V), and lower corrosion current densities (from 3 × 10−7 A/cm2 to 4 × 10−7 A/cm2)). These findings demonstrate that optimizing the phase balance in SDSS is critical for achieving high-performance Ag coated surfaces, offering significant potential for durable and corrosion-resistant Li ion battery casing applications. Full article
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20 pages, 11782 KB  
Article
Carbon Microfibers Coated with 3-Methyl-4-Phenylpyrrole for Possible Uses in Energy Storage
by Alexandru Florentin Trandabat, Romeo Cristian Ciobanu and Oliver Daniel Schreiner
Coatings 2025, 15(12), 1420; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15121420 - 4 Dec 2025
Viewed by 146
Abstract
This research examines the electrochemical polymerization of 3-Methyl-4-phenylpyrrole on carbon microfibers and compares its electrode performance with similar structures utilizing Poly-pyrrole and Poly-3-Phenylpyrrole on carbon microfibers. For technological considerations, going beyond a rate of 90 mV/s for the electrochemical deposition of the 3-Methyl-4-phenylpyrrole [...] Read more.
This research examines the electrochemical polymerization of 3-Methyl-4-phenylpyrrole on carbon microfibers and compares its electrode performance with similar structures utilizing Poly-pyrrole and Poly-3-Phenylpyrrole on carbon microfibers. For technological considerations, going beyond a rate of 90 mV/s for the electrochemical deposition of the 3-Methyl-4-phenylpyrrole polymer is not advisable. By examining the Nyquist diagram, it is noted that the highest phase angle, exceeding 80°, occurs for the carbon–polymer structure created at a deposition rate of 70 mV/s, displaying the most pronounced capacitive behavior. Similar results at a deposition rate of 70 mV/s regarding SEM and AFM images were noted, revealing a structure that resembles the shape of the deposited polymer granules as “droplets” with a reduced average roughness level, at under 60 nm, and achieving a layer thickness of over 0.7 μm. Considering the results from cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance, it was observed that the carbon micro-fiber structure coated with 3-Methyl-4-phenylpyrrole polymer shows superior capacitive behavior when compared to similar structures using pyrrole and 3-Phenyl-pyrrole polymers. 3-Methyl-4-phenylpyrrole also showed a lower admittance value than 3-Phenyl-pyrrole, and presented the highest capacitance, leading to a maximum increase of +27.3% in relation to pyrrole, emphasizing the significance of studying this PPy derivative for energy storage applications. Full article
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