Neonatal Cardiopulmonary Support and Challenges in Extreme Prematurity
A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Cardiology".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 December 2025 | Viewed by 30
Special Issue Editors
Interests: newborn; neonatology; pulmonary hypertension
Interests: pediatrics; neonatology; non-invasive ventilation; ductus arteriosus in preterm infants
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Background & history of this topic: The last several decades have seen a significant increase in survival rates among extremely preterm infants, largely due to advances in perinatal and neonatal care. Neonatal care for extremely preterm infants is largely defined by cardiopulmonary support, as they are at high risk for complications such as hemodynamic instability, respiratory insufficiency, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and acute and chronic pulmonary hypertension. The increasing use of targeted neonatal echocardiography, evolving ventilatory strategies, non-invasive monitoring tools, artificial intelligence, and a focus on neuroprotective practices have reshaped our understanding of the cardiopulmonary course in this vulnerable population.
Aim and scope of the special issue: This Special Issue will highlight novel research on cardiopulmonary support in extremely preterm infants, with a special emphasis on the management of hemodynamic compromise, the role of patent ductus arteriosus, ventilation strategies for acute respiratory compromise, and the prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. We welcome papers that explore innovations, controversies, and evolving best practices in pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic tools, the role of artificial intelligence, clinical trials, and translational research aimed at improving outcomes in this population.
Cutting-edge research: This Special Issue will feature advances in neonatal echocardiography, personalized ventilation strategies, and hemodynamic monitoring. We are particularly interested in studies in critically ill neonates.
What kind of papers we are soliciting: We invite original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, narrative reviews, clinical trials, and case series related to the following:
- Disorders of cardiopulmonary transition in extremely preterm infants;
- The role of targeted neonatal echocardiography in critically ill extremely preterm infants;
- Newer invasive and non-invasive ventilation strategies;
- Lung-protective practices;
- Neurally adjusted ventilation assist (NAVA);
- Pharmacological support during cardiovascular compromise;
- PDA management;
- Septic shock;
- Cardiopulmonary instability and neurodevelopmental outcomes;
- Heart–lung interactions;
- AI for prediction modelling complications.
Dr. Poorva Deshpande
Dr. Bonny Bipin Jasani
Dr. Ashraf Kharrat
Guest Editors
Manuscript Submission Information
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Keywords
- extreme prematurity
- neonatal hemodynamics
- targeted neonatal echocardiography
- bronchopulmonary dysplasia
- neonatal ventilation
- neonatal shock
- NIRS
- cardiovascular compromise
- cardiopulmonary support
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