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Acute and Chronic Lung Disease of the Neonate: Open Challenges...
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Acute and Chronic Lung Disease of the Neonate: Open Challenges and Novel Insights (Second Edition)

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 January 2026 | Viewed by 567

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Maria Pierro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Maurizio Bufalini Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Cesena, Italy
Interests: bronchopulmonary dysplasia; neonates; lung ultrasound; mechanical ventilation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Respiratory disorders are the leading causes of admission to neonatal intensive care units, carrying high rates of mortality and morbidity. The definition and characterization of neonatal lung disorders are still a matter of debate. Preclinical and clinical research pertaining to novel ventilation strategies that may decrease the burden of superimposed ventilator-induced lung injury is a continuous field of improvement in neonatology. The point-of-care evaluation of the respiratory and cardiovascular system is constantly growing and constitutes a potential game-changer when dealing with neonatal lung diseases.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to collect contributions of clinical practice and research on neonatal lung diseases. This volume intends to provide novel insights into neonatal lung diseases, including prevention, diagnosis, monitoring, ventilator strategies and ECMO, novel treatments, supportive strategies and long-term outcomes. In addition to reviews, all types of research papers, from laboratory studies to pro- and retrospective clinical trials, are most welcome. Outstanding case reports with clear added scientific value are also acceptable.

Considering the popularity of the Special Issue "Acute and Chronic Lung Disease of the Neonate: Open Challenges and Novel Insights" previously published in Children (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/children/special_issues/8B3P4L6DAD), we now release a second Special Issue aiming to gather original research papers and review articles related to acute and chronic neonatal lung disease. We look forward to potentially collaborating with you and hope to hear back from you soon.

Dr. Maria Pierro
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Children is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • acute lung disease of prematurity
  • neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome
  • transient tachypnea of the newborn
  • chronic lung disease of prematurity
  • bronchopulmonary dysplasia
  • ventilator-induced lung injury

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (1 paper)

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17 pages, 2713 KB  
Systematic Review
Steroid Use for Established Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Maria Pierro, Roberto Chioma, Krzysztof Włodarczyk, Margit Benke, Kaushik Mangroo, Maria Chiara Vetrano, Kinga Zielińska, David O’Keeffe, Joanna Seliga-Siwecka, Helen Purtill, Niazy Al-Assaf, Eduardo Villamor and Roy K. Philip
Children 2025, 12(9), 1238; https://doi.org/10.3390/children12091238 - 16 Sep 2025
Viewed by 402
Abstract
Introduction: Evidence on steroid treatment for established bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is sparse. To our knowledge, a systematic review has never been conducted on this topic. This meta-analysis aims to synthesize available evidence for the use of postnatal steroids to treat established BPD. Methods: [...] Read more.
Introduction: Evidence on steroid treatment for established bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is sparse. To our knowledge, a systematic review has never been conducted on this topic. This meta-analysis aims to synthesize available evidence for the use of postnatal steroids to treat established BPD. Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane databases, and gray literature sources were searched without time or language restrictions until October 2024. We included randomized and non-randomized trials (analyzed separately) that evaluated postnatal steroids started from 28 days of life in preterm infants diagnosed with BPD. Certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. Results: The search retrieved 9113 records, and 20 studies were included. Meta-analysis of the RCTs demonstrated that steroids significantly reduced oxygen requirement (daily mean difference of 1.6%, 95% CI 0.25–2.95), but the analysis did not identify significant differences in total duration of supplemental oxygen, length of stay, or mortality (moderate quality). From a safety perspective, steroids resulted in a transient increase in systemic blood pressure (mean difference of 6.8 mmHg, 95% CI 4.6–8.9) (moderate quality). Weight gain during treatment was lower in the systemic steroid group (−9.2 g/day, 95% CI −11.7 to −6.8) (moderate quality), although overall growth was reported as equal (2.4 g/day, 95% CI −0.3 to 6.3) (moderate quality). One retrospective study reported the incidence of steroid treatment among infants with established BPD (any definition) to be as high as 36%. Two single-arm studies reported a prolonged high-dose systemic steroid regimen as the routine treatment strategy for severe established BPD. Conclusions: Moderate quality of evidence suggests that steroid treatment cannot be recommended as standard of care for established BPD. However, corticosteroids are often used to this end. Large-scale RCTs designed to treat BPD are urgently needed. Furthermore, careful consideration for patient selection and compliance with GRADE methodology is essential. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Acute and Chronic Lung Disease of the Neonate: Open Challenges and Novel Insights (Second Edition))
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