Respiratory Failure in Children and Lung Development

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 March 2024) | Viewed by 660

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20146 Milan, Italy
2. Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa di Cura del Policlinico, 20144 Milan, Italy
Interests: respiratory diseases; respiratory failure; lung development

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Guest Editor
Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
Interests: paediatric respiratory disease

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Guest Editor
1. Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
2. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
Interests: lung mechanics; respiratory failure; lung development; newborn

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Respiratory failure in children may result in a wide range of diseases. A prompt and correct diagnosis is key for selecting the optimal treatment among the several available. However, diagnosis is particularly challenging due to limitations in reporting symptoms and compliance to diagnostic tests, especially in newborn and pre-scholar children.

Despite these limitations, new lung function tests and imaging techniques, such as oscillometry and lung ultrasound, are entering the clinical practice. Moreover, improvements in methods and techniques for respiratory support and mechanical ventilation are becoming more available in the pediatric population.

This Special Issue invites original research articles and reviews on the various aspects of respiratory failure in children.

Dr. Giuseppe Francesco Sferrazza Papa
Dr. Marina Attanasi
Dr. Chiara Veneroni
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • respiratory failure
  • children
  • newborn
  • preterm infants
  • dyspnea
  • interstitial lung diseases
  • BPD
  • cystic fibrosis
  • asthma
  • neuromuscular weakness
  • restrictive lung diseases
  • lung function
  • lung imaging
  • respiratory support
  • mechanical ventilation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

20 pages, 1427 KiB  
Review
Acute Respiratory Failure in Children: A Clinical Update on Diagnosis
by Beatrice Panetti, Ilaria Bucci, Armando Di Ludovico, Giulia Michela Pellegrino, Paola Di Filippo, Sabrina Di Pillo, Francesco Chiarelli, Marina Attanasi and Giuseppe Francesco Sferrazza Papa
Children 2024, 11(10), 1232; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11101232 - 12 Oct 2024
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Abstract
Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is a sudden failure of the respiratory system to ensure adequate gas exchanges. Numerous clinical conditions may cause ARF, including pneumonia, obstructive lung diseases (e.g., asthma), restrictive diseases such as neuromuscular diseases (e.g., spinal muscular atrophy and muscular dystrophy), [...] Read more.
Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is a sudden failure of the respiratory system to ensure adequate gas exchanges. Numerous clinical conditions may cause ARF, including pneumonia, obstructive lung diseases (e.g., asthma), restrictive diseases such as neuromuscular diseases (e.g., spinal muscular atrophy and muscular dystrophy), and albeit rarely, interstitial lung diseases. Children, especially infants, may be more vulnerable to ARF than adults due to anatomical and physiological features of the respiratory system. Assessing respiratory impairment in the pediatric population is particularly challenging as children frequently present difficulties in reporting symptoms and due to compliance and cooperation in diagnostic tests. The evaluation of clinical and anamnestic aspects represents the cornerstone of ARF diagnosis: first level exams (e.g., arterial blood gas analysis) confirm and evaluate the severity of the ARF and second level exams help to uncover the underlying cause. Prompt management is critical, with supplemental oxygen, mechanical ventilation, and the treatment of the underlying problem. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the current state of the art in diagnosing pediatric ARF, with a focus on pathophysiology, novel imaging applications, and new perspectives, such as biomarkers and artificial intelligence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Respiratory Failure in Children and Lung Development)
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