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Children
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Diagnosis, Treatment and Care of Pediatric Allergy
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Diagnosis, Treatment and Care of Pediatric Allergy

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Allergy and Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2025 | Viewed by 1957

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Angela Klain

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, 80138 Naples, Italy
Interests: children; asthma; respiratory allergy; food allergy; drug allergy
Dr. Cristiana Indolfi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, 80138 Naples, Italy
Interests: children; asthma; respiratory allergy; food allergy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pediatric allergy represents a significant and growing concern in healthcare, encompassing a range of conditions such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, food and drug allergies. These conditions affect a child's physical health and profoundly impact their overall quality of life and development. Despite advancements in understanding the mechanisms and treatment of pediatric allergies, many challenges remain in ensuring effective diagnosis, management and care. Early diagnosis and consistent management are crucial to prevent severe, sometimes fatal, exacerbations. Although considerable progress has been made in understanding the underlying pathogenesis, many aspects regarding environmental and genetic risk factors, accurate diagnosis and personalized treatments remain unresolved. There is a need for further research to explore novel molecular therapeutic targets and innovative management strategies.

This Special Issue invites submissions of original research and review articles that delve into various facets of pediatric allergic conditions. The topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Natural history and progression of pediatric allergic diseases;
  • Comorbidities associated with pediatric allergies;
  • Advances in diagnostic techniques and early interventions;
  • Strategies for the prevention and management of allergic conditions;
  • Environmental and lifestyle impacts on pediatric allergies;
  • Precision medicine and personalized treatment approaches;
  • New therapeutic strategies and molecular targets;
  • Innovative approaches to the control and management of pediatric asthma and other allergic diseases.

We welcome contributions that enhance our understanding and management of pediatric allergies, aiming to improve the health outcomes and quality of life for children affected by these conditions.

Dr. Angela Klain
Dr. Cristiana Indolfi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Children is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • children
  • allergy
  • respiratory disease
  • food allergy
  • drug allergy
  • research
  • prevention
  • treatment

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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8 pages, 1248 KiB  
Article
Incidence and Characteristics of Pediatric Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A Midwestern State Analysis
by Jose L. Zamora-Sifuentes, Andrew Rorie, Sharad Kunnath, Rosemary Pauley, Andrew Huang Pacheco and Russell Hopp
Children 2025, 12(2), 248; https://doi.org/10.3390/children12020248 - 19 Feb 2025
Viewed by 724
Abstract
Background: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic disease defined by esophageal dysfunction and >15 eosinophils per high-power-field on biopsy. Despite its increased incidence across the United States, studies evaluating its incidence at any state level are lacking. Methods: Record review of pediatric patients [...] Read more.
Background: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic disease defined by esophageal dysfunction and >15 eosinophils per high-power-field on biopsy. Despite its increased incidence across the United States, studies evaluating its incidence at any state level are lacking. Methods: Record review of pediatric patients (<18 years) newly diagnosed with EoE based on ICD coding seen at the main two pediatric gastroenterology centers in the state: Children’s Nebraska (1 January 2016–31 December 2022) and Boys Town National Research Hospital (1 January 2022–31 December 2022). Data included demographics, age, and zip codes. Descriptive analysis focused on Nebraska residents. Results: The average point incidence of EoE between 2016 and 2022 was 10.84/100,000 inhabitants based on data from Children’s Nebraska. Considering both centers, the point incidence in Nebraska for 2022 was 32.45/100,000 inhabitants. Caucasians were 3.7 times more likely to be affected and older at time of diagnosis (average 9.7 years) compared to African Americans (7.0), Hispanics (7.4), and Asians (4.4). Conclusions: This is the first study evaluating the incidence of EoE in a specific U.S.A state. Studies at the state level are important to direct policy and interventions aiming limit its burden in communities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis, Treatment and Care of Pediatric Allergy)
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Review

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13 pages, 622 KiB  
Review
Impact of School Nurses on Children with Food Allergies: A Comprehensive Review
by Silvio Simeone, Greta Aquilone, Caterina Mercuri, Flavia Lotito, Vincenzo Bosco, Teresa Rea, Roberto Berni Canani and Rita Nocerino
Children 2025, 12(2), 201; https://doi.org/10.3390/children12020201 - 8 Feb 2025
Viewed by 972
Abstract
Background. Food allergies (FAs) are a significant public health concern, affecting 6–8% of children worldwide, with a growing prevalence. Schools are high-risk environments for allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, which can be life-threatening. Alarmingly, up to 16–18% of children with FAs experience allergic reactions [...] Read more.
Background. Food allergies (FAs) are a significant public health concern, affecting 6–8% of children worldwide, with a growing prevalence. Schools are high-risk environments for allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, which can be life-threatening. Alarmingly, up to 16–18% of children with FAs experience allergic reactions at school, often due to accidental exposure. Additionally, up to 25% of anaphylactic reactions in schools occur in children with no prior diagnosis of FA, emphasizing the critical need for school-wide preparedness and robust emergency action plans. School nurses play a pivotal role in managing FAs through individualized health plans, emergency preparedness, staff training, and psychosocial support. This review aims to evaluate the multifaceted role of school nurses in ensuring the safety, health, and psychosocial well-being of children with FAs. It also seeks to identify systemic challenges and gaps in allergy management to inform targeted interventions and future research. Methods. This comprehensive review synthesizes evidence on the role of school nurses in FA management. A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and Cochrane, targeting studies published between 2014 and 2024. The search identified 6313 articles, of which 5490 remained after duplicate removal. After title and abstract screening, 60 articles were selected for full-text evaluation, with 59 included in the final review. Thematic analysis identified six domains: preventive measures, emergency preparedness, communication, health outcomes, psychosocial support, and systemic challenges. Results. The review highlights the critical contributions of school nurses to FA management. They improve safety by implementing Individualized Health Plans (IHPs) and Emergency Action Plans (EAPs), ensuring timely administration of epinephrine and reducing delays during emergencies. Preventive strategies, such as allergen-free zones and comprehensive training for staff, minimize exposure risks. Psychosocial interventions led by nurses alleviate stigma, bullying, and anxiety, enhancing the quality of life for children with FAs. Despite these benefits, barriers persist, including insufficient nurse-to-student ratios, limited access to emergency resources like stock epinephrine, and disparities in allergy management across socioeconomic and geographic contexts. Conclusions. School nurses are integral to managing FAs, ensuring safety, fostering inclusion, and addressing psychosocial needs. Addressing systemic barriers and ensuring equitable resource distribution are essential to optimize their impact. Future research should focus on the long-term outcomes of nurse-led interventions, strategies to reduce disparities, and the potential role of digital tools in improving allergy management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis, Treatment and Care of Pediatric Allergy)
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