Current Understanding of Dry Eye Disease

Dear Colleagues,

Dry eye disease (DED) has now become the most common ocular disease and threat to ocular health worldwide. Unfortunately, most parts of DED pathogenesis are still undetermined. Furthermore, diagnostic criteria or methods are still yet to be established; therefore, each study has shown different inclusion and exclusion criteria and different results. These uncertainties have confused readers. Furthermore, in DED in vivo research, there are no animal models that are clearly established and widely accepted.

However, exciting new data are starting to shed light on the diagnosis and treatment of DED. Additionally, the subjective measurement of break time and symptom score, the level of MMP-9 and tear osmolarity are now accepted as new diagnostic tools. Moreover, there are recently published papers showing DED-specific markers using the OMICS technique. In terms of treatment, several new paradigm drugs (e.g., diquafosol, Xydra, and Ikervis) have been introduced into the market that are widely used in clinics and show positive results.

This Special Issue aims to present new discoveries in the field of DED pathophysiology and treatment, and summarize the current knowledge on DED pathophysiology. I would like to invite you to contribute original research articles (clinical or basic research), reviews, or short perspective articles on the focus of the theme "DED pathophysiology and treatment".

We look forward to your contribution.

Dr. Hyung Keun Lee
Guest Editor

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• dry eye disease
• inflammation
• aging
• T-cell activation
• lacrimal gland
• sjogren syndrome
• ocular surface
• mucinous membrane
• non-sjogren sicca disease
• anti-inflammatory treatment
• DED biomarker