Immuno-Oncology in Glioblastoma
A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular Immunology".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2022) | Viewed by 306
Special Issue Editor
Interests: immunooncology; cancer; pathology; molecular pathology; gliomas; neuropathology; oncogenesis; breast cancer; biomarkers
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain cancer that affects children and adults against which we do not have effective therapy. Recently, immunotherapy has emerged as an alternative to traditional chemo-radiotherapeutic treatments. It is reasonable that there is a group of patients affected by GBM who have factors that favor the immune response and that would be good candidates for treatment with immunotherapy. To identify this group of patients, it is necessary to evaluate and quantify key parameters with high precision and reproducibility. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (named TILs) and factors related to the degree of tumor immunogenicity including the tumor mutational burden, the instability of microsatellites and the molecular subtype of GBM have been postulated as relevant biomarkers. We have postulated that the microglia/macrophage infiltrate could be an especially relevant immunosuppressive mechanism in GBM. For this sake, we have quantified TILs and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in GBM and analyzed their prognostic impact. In conclusion, we propose the use of digital image analysis to quantify TILs in order to obtain more precise values for clinic–pathological correlations. In this way, it can be shown that the expression of M2 macrophage in GBM is significantly associated with worse prognosis. In addition, the higher values of CD8 lymphocytes in GBM are also associated with poorer prognosis in GBM, which could be explained as a reflection of an anergic state of effector cells. We hypothesize that M2 macrophage recruitment and PD1-PDL1 expression may be a defensive strategy upregulated by GBM in response to TILs.
Prof. Dr. Miguel A. Idoate
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- glioblastoma
- M2 macrophages
- prognosis
- biomarker
- quantification
- digital image analysis
- PD1-PDL1 expression
- T effector cells
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