Flow Cytometry in Acute Leukemia: From Diagnosis to Disease Monitoring

Dear Colleagues,

Flow cytometry plays a crucial role in the management of acute leukemia, from initial diagnosis to treatment monitoring. It enables rapid and precise identification of leukemic cell populations based on their immunophenotypic profiles, helping distinguish between different subtypes of acute lymphoblastic and myeloid leukemias. Beyond diagnosis, flow cytometry is essential for detecting minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD), allowing clinicians to assess treatment response, predict relapse risk, and guide therapeutic decisions. Advances in multiparametric and high-dimensional flow cytometry enable high levels of sensitivity and standardization, as well as the conduct of studies on leukemic stem cells (LSCs), making it an indispensable tool in modern leukemia diagnostics and patient follow-up.

Recent advances include the implementation of Next-Generation Flow (NGF) approaches, which combine high-dimensional data acquisition with automated analysis algorithms to improve accuracy, reproducibility, and inter-laboratory harmonization. Integration with multi-omics strategies, which link flow cytometric data with genomic and transcriptomic profiling, is enhancing disease characterization and therapeutic decision-making. These innovations are transforming flow cytometry from a primarily diagnostic technique into a dynamic platform for precision disease monitoring and individualized patient management in acute leukemia.

Prof. Dr. Donatella Raspadori
Dr. Paola Pacelli
Guest Editors

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