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Buildings
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Sustainable Development in Building: High-Performance Materials with Solid Waste
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Sustainable Development in Building: High-Performance Materials with Solid Waste

A special issue of Buildings (ISSN 2075-5309). This special issue belongs to the section "Building Materials, and Repair & Renovation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2025 | Viewed by 674

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yuan Feng

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Guest Editor
School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
Interests: low-carbon construction materials (such as recycled aggregate concrete, geopolymer concrete, rubberized concrete); highly durable and high-performance concrete
Dr. Baifa Zhang

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Guest Editor
School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
Interests: fiber-reinforced polymer
Dr. Jianglin Li

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Guest Editor
School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
Interests: green recycled concrete; geopolymer; fiber reinforced polymer (FRP); structural strengthening

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Presently, it has become imperative to create sustainable natural ecosystems to protect the environment. Recycling solid waste into sustainable building materials has received increasing attention in the construction industry as it is a cost-effective way to conserve natural resources, protect the environment and reduce the use of high-carbon raw materials. However, in the blind pursuit of low-carbon goals, the performance of some solid waste building materials has proven not to be guaranteed. Therefore, properties are important indicators to be considered when preparing sustainable solid waste materials.

This Special Issue invites original research papers (primary research articles and reviews) focusing on solid waste to produce high-performance building materials, with the aim of bringing together researchers, experts and practitioners to discuss the latest findings on fresh mix properties, mechanical properties, durability, microstructure and environmental impact. The topics for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to:

- Solid waste (such as construction waste, industrial waste, by-products, etc.);

- Low-carbon binders (such as alkali-activated materials, geopolymers, etc.);

- Solid waste concrete (such as recycled aggregate concrete, geopolymer concrete, rubberized concrete, etc.);

- The application of life cycle assessments (LCAs) in solid waste building materials;

- Performance enhancement technology for solid waste building materials;

- Eco-friendly ultra-high performance concrete;

- Case studies of solid waste building materials use in the construction industry.

Dr. Yuan Feng
Dr. Baifa Zhang
Dr. Jianglin Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Buildings is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • solid waste
  • sustainable building materials
  • advanced performance
  • low-carbon binders
  • life cycle assessment
  • performance enhancement
  • material characterization
  • case studies

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 15772 KiB  
Article
Impact of Inorganic Salts on Rheology, Strength, and Microstructure of Excess-Sulfate Phosphogypsum Slag Cement
by Zhe Chen, Zixin Xue, Yong Xia, Chunli Wu, Junming Mai, Weisen Liu, Yuan Feng and Jianhe Xie
Buildings 2025, 15(13), 2348; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15132348 - 4 Jul 2025
Viewed by 162
Abstract
Excess-sulfate phosphogypsum slag cement (EPSC), offering the potential for large-scale phosphogypsum (PG) utilization, has drawn significant attention. However, its susceptibility to salt erosion in marine/saline environments remains unquantified, hindering engineering applications. This study, therefore, systematically investigates the effect of various salts (NaCl, MgCl [...] Read more.
Excess-sulfate phosphogypsum slag cement (EPSC), offering the potential for large-scale phosphogypsum (PG) utilization, has drawn significant attention. However, its susceptibility to salt erosion in marine/saline environments remains unquantified, hindering engineering applications. This study, therefore, systematically investigates the effect of various salts (NaCl, MgCl2, KCl, and Na2SO4) at different concentrations (0.5–1.5%) on the hydration mechanism and performance of EPSC using rheometry, strength tests, and microstructural characterization (XRD/SEM-EDS). The findings reveal that EPSC exhibits low initial yield stress and plastic viscosity, both of which increase over time. The addition of Na+, Cl−, and SO42− ions promotes hydration and flocculent structure formation in the EPSC paste, thereby enhancing the yield stress and plastic viscosity. In contrast, Mg2+ and K+ ions inhibit the hydration reaction, although Mg2+ temporarily increases the plastic viscosity by forming Mg(OH)2 during the initial stage of the reaction. Both Na2SO4 and NaCl improve mechanical properties when their concentrations are within the 0.5–1.0% range; however, excessive amounts (>1%) negatively impact these properties. Significantly, adding 0.5% NaCl significantly improves the mechanical properties of EPSC, achieving a 28-day compressive strength of 51.06 MPa—a 9.5% increase compared to the control group. XRD and SEM-EDX analyses reveal that NaCl enhances pore structure via Friedel’s salt formation, while Na2SO4 promotes the early nucleation of ettringite. However, excessive ettringite formation in the later stages of the hydration reaction due to Na2SO4 may negatively affect compressive strength due to the inherent abundance of SO42− in the EPSC system. Therefore, attention should be paid to the effect of excessive SO42− on the system. These results establish salt-type/dosage thresholds for EPSC design, enabling its rational use in coastal infrastructure where salt resistance is critical. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Development in Building: High-Performance Materials with Solid Waste)
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