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Biosensors
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Advanced Biosensors for Disease Screening, Monitoring, Diagnosis, and Treatment—2nd Edition
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Advanced Biosensors for Disease Screening, Monitoring, Diagnosis, and Treatment—2nd Edition

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensor and Bioelectronic Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2026 | Viewed by 3331

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ronny Priefer

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Pharmacy, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Interests: biosensors; Alzheimer’s; diabetes; cancer; infection
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Whether it be a pacemaker or a blood glucose monitor, biosensors have contributed significantly to healthcare and continue to do so. Some patients have been able to live longer and healthier lives as a direct result of a biosensor. Besides a steady increase in their use in developing countries, biosensors are reaching an increasing number of individuals in developed countries due to their cost, size, advancements, and accessibility. These now range from simple screening for diseases and patient monitoring to actual diagnoses and the direct treatment of ailments. This Special Issue will showcase advances in biosensors in the overarching field of healthcare.

Dr. Ronny Priefer
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sensors
  • biomarker
  • metabolites
  • metabolomics
  • diseases
  • monitoring
  • diagnostics
  • wearable
  • point of care
  • lab-on-a-chip device
  • biosensing

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

27 pages, 2784 KB  
Article
A Cloud-Aware Scalable Architecture for Distributed Edge-Enabled BCI Biosensor System
by Sayantan Ghosh, Raghavan Bhuvanakantham, Padmanabhan Sindhujaa, Purushothaman Bhuvana Harishita, Anand Mohan, Balázs Gulyás, Domokos Máthé and Parasuraman Padmanabhan
Biosensors 2026, 16(3), 157; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios16030157 - 13 Mar 2026
Viewed by 923
Abstract
BCI biosensors enable continuous monitoring of neural activity, but existing systems face challenges in scalability, latency, and reliable integration with cloud infrastructure. This work presents a cloud-aware, real-time cognitive grid architecture for multimodal BCI biosensors, validated at the system level through a full [...] Read more.
BCI biosensors enable continuous monitoring of neural activity, but existing systems face challenges in scalability, latency, and reliable integration with cloud infrastructure. This work presents a cloud-aware, real-time cognitive grid architecture for multimodal BCI biosensors, validated at the system level through a full physical prototype. The system integrates the BioAmp EXG Pill for signal acquisition with an RP2040 microcontroller for local preprocessing using edge-resident TinyML deployment for on-device feature/inference feasibility coupled with environmental context sensors to augment signal context for downstream analytics talking to the external world via Wi-Fi/4G connectivity. A tiered data pipeline was implemented: SD card buffering for raw signals, Redis for near-real-time streaming, PostgreSQL for structured analytics, and AWS S3 with Glacier for long-term archival. End-to-end validation demonstrated consistent edge-level inference with bounded latency, while cloud-assisted telemetry and analytics exhibited variable transmission and processing delays consistent with cellular connectivity and serverless execution characteristics; packet loss remained below 5%. Visualization was achieved through Python 3.10 using Matplotlib GUI, Grafana 10.2.3 dashboards, and on-device LCD displays. Hybrid deployment strategies—local development, simulated cloud testing, and limited cloud usage for benchmark capture—enabled cost-efficient validation while preserving architectural fidelity and latency observability. The results establish a scalable, modular, and energy-efficient biosensor framework, providing a foundation for advanced analytics and translational BCI applications to be explored in subsequent work, with explicit consideration of both edge-resident TinyML inference and cloud-based machine learning workflows. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biosensors for Disease Screening, Monitoring, Diagnosis, and Treatment—2nd Edition)
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11 pages, 578 KB  
Article
Investigating Roles of Cerebral Blood Flow to Maintain Thermal Stability of Neonatal Brain Against Cold Stress Using Non-Invasive Probes for Brain Perfusion and Temperature Gradient
by Sachiko Iwata, Kennosuke Tsuda, Masahiro Kinoshita, Shinji Saitoh and Osuke Iwata
Biosensors 2026, 16(2), 127; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios16020127 - 20 Feb 2026
Viewed by 647
Abstract
Background: Brain temperature is an important determinant of neurological outcomes in ill infants, yet contributions of environmental temperature and cerebral blood flow remain uncovered because of the lack of non-invasive probes. Methods: Using non-invasive cot-side probes, we examined how cerebral blood flow influences [...] Read more.
Background: Brain temperature is an important determinant of neurological outcomes in ill infants, yet contributions of environmental temperature and cerebral blood flow remain uncovered because of the lack of non-invasive probes. Methods: Using non-invasive cot-side probes, we examined how cerebral blood flow influences brain temperature during mild cold stress induced by incubator-to-cot transfer. We studied 43 clinically stable infants in a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit. After cot transfer, infants were routinely fitted with knit caps and wrapped in cotton blankets. Scalp and superficial and deep brain temperatures were measured using infrared and zero-heat-flux thermometers, and superior vena cava (SVC) flow—a proxy for cerebral blood flow—was assessed using Doppler velocimetry before, immediately after, and 2 h after transfer, adjusting for rectal temperature. Results: Ambient temperature decreased from 29.7 (SD 0.8) °C to 26.8 (SD 0.9) °C, while rectal temperature remained stable. Scalp and brain temperatures declined after transfer but superficial and deep brain temperatures returned to baseline after 2 h of cap use. The regression coefficient between SVC flow and superficial brain temperature shifted from −0.176 (95% CI, −0.386 to 0.035) to 0.239 (−0.280 to 0.759) after transfer (difference: 0.415 [0.106 to 0.724]; p = 0.009), and then returned to baseline after 2 h (−0.079 [−0.528 to 0.372]). Conclusions: Relationships between brain temperature and perfusion were successfully monitored using non-invasive cot-side biosensors; cerebral blood flow appears to shift from facilitating heat dissipation in warm conditions to supporting heat delivery during cold stress. These findings underscore the physiological role of cerebral blood flow in maintaining brain temperature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biosensors for Disease Screening, Monitoring, Diagnosis, and Treatment—2nd Edition)
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17 pages, 3187 KB  
Article
Ultrasensitive and Label-Free Detection of Phosphorylated Tau-217 Protein in Alzheimer’s Disease Using Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistor (CNT-FET) Biosensor
by Jiao Wang, Keyu Yao, Jiahua Li, Duo Wai-Chi Wong and James Chung-Wai Cheung
Biosensors 2025, 15(12), 784; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios15120784 - 27 Nov 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1371
Abstract
Early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains challenging due to the extremely low concentration of relevant biomarkers and the limited sensitivity of conventional detection techniques. In this study, we present a carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNT-FET) immunosensor for label-free detection of phosphorylated tau [...] Read more.
Early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains challenging due to the extremely low concentration of relevant biomarkers and the limited sensitivity of conventional detection techniques. In this study, we present a carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNT-FET) immunosensor for label-free detection of phosphorylated tau at threonine 217 (p-tau217). The device employs a Y2O3/HfO2 dielectric layer and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to improve biofunctionalization, with anti-p-tau217 antibodies immobilized on the CNT channels. In phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), the sensor exhibited a linear response over a concentration range of 3 fM to 30 pM (R2 = 0.973) and achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.66 fM. The device demonstrated high selectivity, with a normalized signal response (NSR) for p-tau217 that was 5–6 times higher than for human serum albumin (HSA) and p-tau231, even at 1000-fold higher concentrations of these interferents. The sensor exhibited reproducibility with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 4.8% (n = 9) and storage stability with only a 10% decrease in signal after 7 days at 4 °C. Mechanistic analysis indicated that the net positive charge and structural flexibility of the p-tau217 peptide led to a reduction in drain current upon binding, consistent with electrostatic gating effects in p-type CNT-FETs. Current limitations include the absence of standardized p-tau217 reference materials. Future work will focus on validation with clinical samples. This CNT-FET platform enables rapid, minimally invasive detection of p-tau217 and holds strong potential for integration into clinical workflows to facilitate early AD diagnosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biosensors for Disease Screening, Monitoring, Diagnosis, and Treatment—2nd Edition)
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