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Biomolecules
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State-of-the-Art in Antibiotics Resistance
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State-of-the-Art in Antibiotics Resistance

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 6504

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Judit Toth

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, 8200 Veszprém, Hungary
2. Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, 1113 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: dNTP metabolism; enzyme kinetics; nucleotide hydrolases; motor proteins; genome instability; DNA repair; mycobacterial genetics; antibiotics resistance

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is dedicated to revisiting the status of research dealing with any molecular aspects of antibiotic resistance. 

The widespread use of antibiotics in the 1940s was one of the greatest achievements in medicine. Along with vaccination, it was probably the most efficient factor in human history to reduce mortality and increase life expectancy. Since then, antibiotics have been used successfully to treat diseases that were previously thought to be fatal. However, shortly after the start of the use of antibiotics, it became clear that antibiotic resistance is inherently coupled with antibiotic use and that its onset is accelerated by the misuse and overuse of antibiotic substances. Antibiotic resistance typically emerges within some years of the deployment of a novel antibiotic. Today, we face the worldwide challenge of hardly treatable or practically untreatable bacterial infections caused by multidrug resistant strains. Meanwhile, the appearance of new antibiotics in the pharmaceutical market has slowed down. Therefore, ingenious action against resistance is likely to be key to mitigate the threat from microbial diseases. In this thematic collection, original manuscripts and reviews addressing the molecular mechanisms of the emergence of antibiotic resistance, as well as new concepts to circumvent it, are welcome. 

Dr. Judit Toth
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomolecules is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antibiotic resistance
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • multidrug resistance
  • extreme drug resistance
  • drug tolerance
  • bacterial infections
  • antibacterial treatment
  • antibiotic treatment strategy
  • infection control
  • resistome

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 1642 KiB  
Article
The Resistome of ESKAPEE Pathogens in Untreated and Treated Wastewater: A Polish Case Study
by Jakub Hubeny, Ewa Korzeniewska, Sławomir Ciesielski, Grażyna Płaza and Monika Harnisz
Biomolecules 2022, 12(8), 1160; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12081160 - 21 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1784
Abstract
The aim of this study was to quantify ESKAPEE bacteria, genes encoding resistance to antibiotics targeting this group of pathogens, as well as integrase genes in municipal wastewater and river water. Environmental DNA was extracted from the collected samples and used in deep [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to quantify ESKAPEE bacteria, genes encoding resistance to antibiotics targeting this group of pathogens, as well as integrase genes in municipal wastewater and river water. Environmental DNA was extracted from the collected samples and used in deep sequencing with the Illumina TruSeq kit. The abundance of bacterial genera and species belonging to the ESKAPEE group, 400 ARGs associated with this microbial group, and three classes of integrase genes were determined. A taxonomic analysis revealed that Acinetobacter was the dominant bacterial genus, whereas Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli were the dominant bacterial species. The analyzed samples were characterized by the highest concentrations of the following ARGs: blaGES, blaOXA-58, blaTEM, qnrB, and qnrS. Acinetobacter baumannii, E. coli, and genes encoding resistance to β-lactams (blaVEB-1, blaIMP-1, blaGES, blaOXA-58, blaCTX-M, and blaTEM) and fluoroquinolones (qnrS) were detected in samples of river water collected downstream from the wastewater discharge point. The correlation analysis revealed a strong relationship between A. baumannii (bacterial species regarded as an emerging human pathogen) and genes encoding resistance to all tested groups of antimicrobials. The transmission of the studied bacteria (in particular A. baumannii) and ARGs to the aquatic environment poses a public health risk. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art in Antibiotics Resistance)
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28 pages, 3892 KiB  
Article
A Comprehensive Study of the Microbiome, Resistome, and Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Chicken Waste from Intensive Farms
by Aleksandra Błażejewska, Magdalena Zalewska, Anna Grudniak and Magdalena Popowska
Biomolecules 2022, 12(8), 1132; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12081132 - 17 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3692
Abstract
The application of chicken waste to farmland could be detrimental to public health. It may contribute to the dissemination of antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) from feces and their subsequent entry into the food chain. The present study analyzes the metagenome [...] Read more.
The application of chicken waste to farmland could be detrimental to public health. It may contribute to the dissemination of antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) from feces and their subsequent entry into the food chain. The present study analyzes the metagenome and resistome of chicken manure and litter obtained from a commercial chicken farm in Poland. ARB were isolated, identified, and screened for antibiogram fingerprints using standard microbiological and molecular methods. The physicochemical properties of the chicken waste were also determined. ARGs, integrons, and mobile genetic elements (MGE) in chicken waste were analyzed using high-throughput SmartChip qPCR. The results confirm the presence of many ARGs, probably located in MGE, which can be transferred to other bacteria. Potentially pathogenic or opportunistic microorganisms and phytopathogens were isolated. More than 50% of the isolated strains were classified as being multi-drug resistant, and the remainder were resistant to at least one antibiotic class; these pose a real risk of entering the groundwater and contaminating the surrounding environment. Our results indicate that while chicken manure can be sufficient sources of the nutrients essential for plant growth, its microbiological aspects make this material highly dangerous to the environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art in Antibiotics Resistance)
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