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Dr. Faraz Bishehsari

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Guest Editor

Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Section of Gastroenterology, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
Interests: alcohol; organ damage; gastrointestinal cancers; microbiota; inflammation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Heavy alcohol consumption contributes to the increasing burden of chronic diseases worldwide. Alcohol is an established risk factor in a variety of pathologies from brain and liver damage to cancer at several anatomical sites. Alcohol’s effects are exerted via multiple known (direct DNA and cellular damages, oxidative stress, dysbiosis, hormonal and immune dysregulation) and as-yet unknown mechanisms. Identifying mechanisms that are involved in the alcohol-induced cellular and organ damages would provide targets for prevention and treatment.

For this Issue, studies that provide novel data or examine and review established mechanistics linking alcohol to organ damage will be considered. Possible differential effects of patterns of alcohol drinking at the molecular level are welcome.

Dr. Faraz Bishehsari
Guest Editor

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Keywords

alcohol
molecular damage
DNA damage
mitochondria
oxidative stress
hormonal dysregulation
barrier dysfunction
end-organ damage
cancers
microbiota
inflammation

Published Papers (1 paper)

Research

12 pages, 1679 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Impacts of Maternal Diet and Alcohol Consumption during Pregnancy on Maternal and Infant Gut Microbiota

by Ying Wang, Tianqu Xie, Yinyin Wu, Yanqun Liu, Zhijie Zou and Jinbing Bai

Biomolecules 2021, 11(3), 369; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11030369 - 1 Mar 2021

Cited by 17 | Viewed by 2669

Abstract

(1) Background: Maternal diet and alcohol consumption can influence both maternal and infant’s gut microbiota. These relationships are still not examined in the Chinese population. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of alcohol consumption and maternal diet during pregnancy on maternal and infant’s gut microbiota. (2) Methods: Twenty-nine mother-child dyads were enrolled in central China. Fecal samples of mothers during late pregnancy and of newborns within 48 h were collected. The V3–V4 regions of 16S rRNA sequences were analyzed. A self-administrated questionnaire about simple diet frequency in the past week was completed by mothers before childbirth. The demographic information was finished by mothers at 24 h after childbirth. (3) Results: Among these 29 mothers, 10 mothers reported alcohol consumption during pregnancy. The PCoA (β-diversity) showed significant difference in maternal gut microbiota between the alcohol consumption group vs. the non-alcohol consumption group (abund-Jaccard, r = 0.2, p = 0.006). The same phenomenon was observed in newborns (unweighted-UniFrac full tree, r = 0.174, p = 0.031). Maternal alcohol consumption frequency showed positive associations with maternal Phascolarctobacterium (p = 0.032) and Blautia (p = 0.019); maternal Faecalibacterium (p = 0.013) was negatively correlated with frequency of alcohol consumption. As for newborns, a positive relationship showed between Megamonas (p = 0.035) and newborns with maternal alcohol consumption. The diet was not associated with both maternal and infant’s gut microbiota. (4) Conclusions: Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy influenced the gut microbiota on both mothers and the newborns. Future research is needed to explore these relationships in a lager birth cohort. Understanding the long-term effect of alcohol consumption on maternal and newborns’ gut microbiota is needed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Alcohol and Molecules)

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