The Planarian Model in Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2026 | Viewed by 131

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Biology, West Chester University, West Chester, PA 19383, USA
Interests: pharmacology; physiology; neurobiology; biochemistry; regeneration

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The main biological claim to fame of freshwater planarians and related flatworms is the fact that some species display an uncanny capacity for regeneration, including the complete (and correct) regeneration of their relatively complex nervous system. Planarians have been used to test a variety of chemical compounds since at least the 18th century. However, arguably the systematic study of the pharmacology of planarians began in the 1970s with the studies of Drs. G. Palladini, A. Carolei, G. Venturini, and their colleagues at the University of Rome, Italy, in the context of the dopaminergic and cholinergic systems and eventually, on the effects of the abused drug, cocaine, in this organism. Since then, the planarian pharmacology field has blossomed, alongside the use of planarians in scientific fields like toxicology and neurobiology, establishing planarians as mainstream animal models beyond regenerative and developmental biology. In this Special Issue, we are pleased to present a sample of cutting-edge research showcasing the application of the planarian model in pharmacology, toxicology, and neuroscience.

Prof. Dr. Oné R. Pagán
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • planarians
  • pharmacology
  • toxicology
  • neuroscience
  • neurotransmission
  • regeneration

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 891 KB  
Article
Within- and Between-Subject Analyses of the Effects of Chronic Xylazine on Negative Phototaxis in Two Planarian Species
by Tom Byrne
Biomolecules 2025, 15(11), 1542; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15111542 (registering DOI) - 2 Nov 2025
Abstract
Xylazine, an adulterant found frequently in illicit fentanyl, has been implicated in causing several adverse effects in human recreational users, including skin lesions and complications in the treatment of opiate overdose. Despite these public health concerns, the literature on the basic behavioral effects [...] Read more.
Xylazine, an adulterant found frequently in illicit fentanyl, has been implicated in causing several adverse effects in human recreational users, including skin lesions and complications in the treatment of opiate overdose. Despite these public health concerns, the literature on the basic behavioral effects of xylazine is limited. Recent research has demonstrated that planarians show potential as an emerging and practical animal model for studying the behavioral effects of acute xylazine exposure. The goal of the current investigation was to evaluate the behavioral effects of chronic xylazine administration on negative phototaxis in two planarian species: Girardia tigrina and Schmidtea mediterranea. Three experiments were conducted. Overall, 10 µM of chronic xylazine exposure, arranged according to a multiple-baseline design, impaired negative phototaxis in S. mediterranea but not G. tigrina. An ABA reversal design indicated that behavioral effects in S. mediterranea abated when chronic xylazine was terminated. Finally, a between-group design replicated potential interspecies differences when G. tigrina and S. mediterranea were compared directly, with the latter showing significantly greater susceptibility to drug effects. This work provides evidence of the utility of a planarian model for studying the behavioral effects of xylazine and lays the foundation for further investigation into the chronic effects of the drug. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Planarian Model in Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience)
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