Cigarette Smoke and Pulmonary Disease

A special issue of Biology (ISSN 2079-7737). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 2470

Special Issue Editors

Institute of Traslational Pharmacology (IFT) - National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 90153 Palermo, Italy
Interests: respiratory diseases; cigarette smoke; bronchial epithelial cells; inflammation; immune response; lung cancer; pathophysiology
Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT) - National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 90153 Palermo, Italy
Interests: translational pulmonology; immunopathology of lung disease; experimental pharmacology; innate immunity; oxidative stress sensors
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cigarette smoke is a mixture of gas, vapor, and solid particles, and contains thousands of molecules, most of which are severely harmful to humans. Once cigarette smoke is in the respiratory tree, the airway epithelium is the first line of defense and activates repair mechanisms. The continuous insult impairs these internal defense mechanisms and leads to DNA, protein, and organelle damage, as well as to structural and morphological changes of the cells with the activation of a chronic inflammatory process, associated with the recruitment of immune cells, which could lead to a transformation in cancer cells or to the activation of senescent mechanisms.

Several studies have shown the involvement of cigarette smoke in the pathogenesis of several respiratory diseases (COPD, lung cancer, fibrosis, etc.), and for this reason cigarette smoke is considered the main risk factor for them, but not everything is known yet.

This Special Issue, titled “Cigarette smoke and respiratory diseases”, aims to collect original research or review articles focused on exploring new insights into molecular signaling networks involved in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases related to cigarette smoke exposure.

Dr. Serena Di Vincenzo
Dr. Elisabetta Pace
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • cigarette smoke
  • respiratory diseases
  • inflammation
  • immune response
  • cancer
  • senescence

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

18 pages, 12322 KiB  
Review
Oxidative Stress, Environmental Pollution, and Lifestyle as Determinants of Asthma in Children
by Serena Di Vincenzo, Giuliana Ferrante, Maria Ferraro, Caterina Cascio, Velia Malizia, Amelia Licari, Stefania La Grutta and Elisabetta Pace
Biology 2023, 12(1), 133; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12010133 - 13 Jan 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2098
Abstract
Exposure to cigarette smoke, allergens, viruses, and other environmental contaminants, as well as a detrimental lifestyle, are the main factors supporting elevated levels of airway oxidative stress. Elevated oxidative stress results from an imbalance in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and efficiency in [...] Read more.
Exposure to cigarette smoke, allergens, viruses, and other environmental contaminants, as well as a detrimental lifestyle, are the main factors supporting elevated levels of airway oxidative stress. Elevated oxidative stress results from an imbalance in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and efficiency in antioxidant defense systems. Uncontrolled increased oxidative stress amplifies inflammatory processes and tissue damage and alters innate and adaptive immunity, thus compromising airway homeostasis. Oxidative stress events reduce responsiveness to corticosteroids. These events can increase risk of asthma into adolescence and prompt evolution of asthma toward its most severe forms. Development of new therapies aimed to restore oxidant/antioxidant balance and active interventions aimed to improve physical activity and quality/quantity of food are all necessary strategies to prevent asthma onset and avoid in asthmatics evolution toward severe forms of the disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cigarette Smoke and Pulmonary Disease)
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