Vector-Borne Diseases: Host Infection Mechanisms, Immune Response and Epidemiology

A special issue of Biology (ISSN 2079-7737). This special issue belongs to the section "Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 2497

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
Interests: molecular epidemiology; vector-borne pathogens; intestinal parasites; infectious diseases; zoonoses; nephrology and urology; renal replacement therapy; therapeutic innovation and biomarkers; antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in companion animals

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
Interests: recombinant DNA technology; CRISPR/Cas; vaccine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Global warming continues to heavily disrupt ecosystems and drive the emergence and spread of vector-borne diseases in not only us but also in animals. Understanding and mitigating these threats requires a multidisciplinary approach that integrates insights from infection biology, immunology, epidemiology, and environmental science.

This Special Issue aims to foster collaboration across veterinary and human medicine within a One Health framework. We welcome high-quality original research and reviews addressing the molecular, cellular, and ecological aspects of vector-borne diseases.

Topics of interest include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Host–vector–pathogen interactions and mechanisms of invasion or persistence.
  • Innate and adaptive immune responses to vector-borne pathogens.
  • Epidemiological trends, surveillance, and ecological modelling of disease transmission.
  • Climate change impacts, vector ecology, and emerging risks.
  • Development of diagnostics, vaccines, and novel control strategies.

Submissions with cross-sectoral perspectives that bridge veterinary and human health are especially encouraged. We look forward to your valuable contributions toward advancing knowledge and solutions to combat vector-borne diseases worldwide.

Dr. Sahatchai Tangtrongsup
Dr. Nattawooti Sthitmatee
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • vector-borne pathogens
  • host–vector–pathogen interactions
  • immune response to arthropod-borne infections
  • vector competence and ecology
  • one health surveillance
  • emerging zoonoses
  • tick-borne diseases
  • animal vector-borne diseases
  • veterinary public health

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 3089 KB  
Article
Immunization with Recombinant TRP19 Reduces Clinical Severity of Experimental Ehrlichia canis Infection in Dogs
by Boondarika Nambooppha, Anucha Muenthaisong, Pongpisid Koonyosying, Kanokwan Sangkakam, Thanya Varinrak, Amarin Rittipornlertrak, Nisachon Apinda, Kannika Phongroop, Sahatchai Tangtrongsup, Saruda Tiwananthagorn and Nattawooti Sthitmatee
Biology 2026, 15(5), 440; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology15050440 - 8 Mar 2026
Viewed by 869
Abstract
Canine monocytotropic ehrlichiosis (CME), caused by the intracellular bacterium Ehrlichia canis, is a significant tick-borne disease in dogs that requires effective vaccination strategies. This study aimed to evaluate recombinant TRP19 (rTRP19), a highly conserved immunodominant antigen, as a promising vaccine candidate against [...] Read more.
Canine monocytotropic ehrlichiosis (CME), caused by the intracellular bacterium Ehrlichia canis, is a significant tick-borne disease in dogs that requires effective vaccination strategies. This study aimed to evaluate recombinant TRP19 (rTRP19), a highly conserved immunodominant antigen, as a promising vaccine candidate against experimental E. canis infection in dogs, following its success in a mouse model. Fifteen E. canis-negative beagles were immunized intramuscularly with either 50-µg or 100-µg of rTRP19 in alum adjuvant or a PBS control, on days 0, 30, and 60. All dogs were then exposed intravenously to E. canis on day 90 and monitored for 120 days for clinical signs, hematological changes (platelet count, hematocrit, and body temperature), and antibody titers. The rTRP19 vaccine prototypes induced strong antigen-specific humoral responses. They caused a significant reduction in rickettsial load, with complete elimination observed in the 100-µg group by day 7 and in both vaccinated groups by day 14 of exposure. Furthermore, the mean body temperature in the 100-µg rTRP19 group was significantly lower than that of the control group, suggesting that the higher-dose vaccine mitigated febrile response. Collectively, these results suggest that rTRP19 vaccine prototypes hold promise in overcoming the clinical signs and hematological abnormalities of E. canis infection by inducing a strong antigen-specific antibody response. Full article
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