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Bioengineering
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Engineering Bone-Implant Materials
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Engineering Bone-Implant Materials

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2018) | Viewed by 38844

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Mohammad Elahinia

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Guest Editor
Dynamic and Smart Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
Interests: additive manufacturing; 3D printing; shape memory alloys; materials engineering; finite element analysis; control systems engineering; product design and development; electrical engineering; design engineering; product development; manufacturing process mechanics; mechanical processes; machining; experimental analysis of behavior; design optimization; MR fluids; mechanical vibrations; medical devices; computer-aided engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Hamdy Ibrahim

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Guest Editor
Dynamic and Smart Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Mohammad Javad Mahtabi

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Dynamic and Smart Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Reza Mehrabi

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Guest Editor
Dynamic and Smart Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue on “Engineering Bone-Implant Materials” is concerned with the engineering aspects of the materials that are used for bone implants. Development of new materials that are designed to mimic or replace the bone, their biocompatibility, mechanical behavior, damage evolution and failure modeling and prediction under applied forces and deformations. Computational, analytical, and experimental studies investigating the underlying mechanisms and the different behavior of the bone implant materials and their effect on improving the implantation process are also included in the scope.

Examples of relevant subjects include:

  • Stress-strain-time responses of bone-implant materials
  • Fatigue and Fracture mechanics of bone-implant materials
  • Tribological properties of bone-implant materials and their replacements
  • The behavior of the bone-implants under impact loading
  • New methodologies for in lab and in practice measurement of mechanical properties of bone-implant materials
  • Computer simulations of the material behavior and implant-organ interaction
  • Case studies on the clinical performance of the implanted parts

Prof. Dr. Mohammad Elahinia
Dr. Hamdy Ibrahim
Dr. Mohammad Javad Mahtabi
Dr. Reza Mehrabi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Bioengineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Editorial

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2 pages, 142 KiB  
Editorial
Engineering Bone-Implant Materials
by Mohammad Elahinia, Hamdy Ibrahim, Mohammad Javad Mahtabi and Reza Mehrabi
Bioengineering 2019, 6(2), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering6020051 - 9 Jun 2019
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 5455
Abstract
This special issue is dedicated to the simulation as well as experimental studies of biomechanical behavior of biomaterials, especially those that are used for bone implant applications [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Engineering Bone-Implant Materials)

Research

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14 pages, 3182 KiB  
Article
A Study of the Biomechanical Behavior of the Implantation Method of Inverted Shoulder Prosthesis (BIO–RSA) under Different Abduction Movements
by Salah Mebarki, Benaoumeur Aour, Franck Jourdan, Etienne Malachanne and Abdel Hakem Belaghit
Bioengineering 2019, 6(1), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering6010019 - 19 Feb 2019
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 6971
Abstract
The shoulder is the most mobile joint of the human body, but it is very fragile; several pathologies, and especially muscular degenerations in the elderly, can affect its stability. These are more commonly called rotator cuff fractures. In the case of this type [...] Read more.
The shoulder is the most mobile joint of the human body, but it is very fragile; several pathologies, and especially muscular degenerations in the elderly, can affect its stability. These are more commonly called rotator cuff fractures. In the case of this type of pathology, the mobility of the shoulder decreases and pain appears. In order to restore mobility and reduce pain, implantation of an inverted shoulder prosthesis is recommended. Unfortunately, over time a notch phenomenon has been observed. In the lower position of the arm, part of the implant comes into contact with the scapula and therefore causes deterioration of the bone. Among the solutions adopted is the lateralized method with bone grafting. However, a main disadvantage of this method concerns the reconstruction of the graft in the case of prosthesis revision. In this context, the aim of the present work was to reconstruct the shoulder joint in 3D in order to obtain a bio-faithful geometry, and then study the behavior of different types of biomaterials that can replace bone grafting. To this end, three arm abduction motions were examined for three individuals. From the results obtained, it appears that grafts in ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) exhibit a behavior closer to that of bones. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Engineering Bone-Implant Materials)
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15 pages, 5204 KiB  
Article
Predicting the Biodegradation of Magnesium Alloy Implants: Modeling, Parameter Identification, and Validation
by Amirhesam Amerinatanzi, Reza Mehrabi, Hamdy Ibrahim, Amir Dehghan, Narges Shayesteh Moghaddam and Mohammad Elahinia
Bioengineering 2018, 5(4), 105; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering5040105 - 29 Nov 2018
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 6421
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys can degrade gradually up to complete dissolution in the physiological environment. This property makes these biomaterials appealing for different biomedical applications, such as bone implants. In order to qualify Mg and its alloys for bone implant applications, there [...] Read more.
Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys can degrade gradually up to complete dissolution in the physiological environment. This property makes these biomaterials appealing for different biomedical applications, such as bone implants. In order to qualify Mg and its alloys for bone implant applications, there is a need to precisely model their degradation (corrosion) behavior in the physiological environment. Therefore, the primary objective develop a model that can be used to predict the corrosion behavior of Mg-based alloys in vitro, while capturing the effect of pitting corrosion. To this end, a customized FORTRAN user material subroutine (or VUMAT) that is compatible with the finite element (FE) solver Abaqus/Explicit (Dassault Systèmes, Waltham, MA, USA) was developed. Using the developed subroutine, a continuum damage mechanism (CDM) FE model was developed to phenomenologically estimate the corrosion rate of a biocompatible Mg–Zn–Ca alloy. In addition, the mass loss immersion test was conducted to measure mass loss over time by submerging Mg–Zn–Ca coupons in a glass reactor filled with simulated body fluid (SBF) solution at pH 7.4 and 37 °C. Then, response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to calibrate the corrosion FE model parameters (i.e., Gamma (γ), Psi (ψ), Beta (β), and kinetic parameter (Ku)). The optimum values for γ, ψ, β and Ku were found to be 2.74898, 2.60477, 5.1, and 0.1005, respectively. Finally, given the good fit between FE predictions and experimental data, it was concluded that the numerical framework precisely captures the effect of corrosion on the mass loss over time. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Engineering Bone-Implant Materials)
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15 pages, 2849 KiB  
Article
Medial Collateral Ligament Deficiency of the Elbow Joint: A Computational Approach
by Munsur Rahman, Akin Cil and Antonis P. Stylianou
Bioengineering 2018, 5(4), 84; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering5040084 - 10 Oct 2018
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 8875
Abstract
Computational elbow joint models, capable of simulating medial collateral ligament deficiency, can be extremely valuable tools for surgical planning and refinement of therapeutic strategies. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of varying levels of medial collateral ligament deficiency on [...] Read more.
Computational elbow joint models, capable of simulating medial collateral ligament deficiency, can be extremely valuable tools for surgical planning and refinement of therapeutic strategies. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of varying levels of medial collateral ligament deficiency on elbow joint stability using subject-specific computational models. Two elbow joint models were placed at the pronated forearm position and passively flexed by applying a vertical downward motion on humeral head. The models included three-dimensional bone geometries, multiple ligament bundles wrapped around the joint, and the discretized cartilage representation. Four different ligament conditions were simulated: All intact ligaments, isolated medial collateral ligament (MCL) anterior bundle deficiency, isolated MCL posterior bundle deficiency, and complete MCL deficiency. Minimal kinematic differences were observed for isolated anterior and posterior bundle deficient elbows. However, sectioning the entire MCL resulted in significant kinematic differences and induced substantial elbow instability. Joint contact areas were nearly similar for the intact and isolated posterior bundle deficiency. Minor differences were observed for the isolated anterior bundle deficiency, and major differences were observed for the entire MCL deficiency. Complete elbow dislocations were not observed for any ligament deficiency level. As expected, during isolated anterior bundle deficiency, the remaining posterior bundle experiences higher load and vice versa. Overall, the results indicate that either MCL anterior or posterior bundle can provide anterior elbow stability, but the anterior bundle has a somewhat bigger influence on joint kinematics and contact characteristics than posterior one. A study with a larger sample size could help to strengthen the conclusion and statistical significant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Engineering Bone-Implant Materials)
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Review

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33 pages, 14302 KiB  
Review
Application of NiTi in Assistive and Rehabilitation Devices: A Review
by Mohammadreza Nematollahi, Keyvan Safaei Baghbaderani, Amirhesam Amerinatanzi, Hashem Zamanian and Mohammad Elahinia
Bioengineering 2019, 6(2), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering6020037 - 29 Apr 2019
Cited by 72 | Viewed by 10110
Abstract
Shape memory alloys (SMAs) have found widespread applications as biomedical devices. Biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and ductility make these alloys attractive for medical devices such as stents and filters. For these implants, the superelastic property is the primary function of SMAs. Additionally, these alloys, [...] Read more.
Shape memory alloys (SMAs) have found widespread applications as biomedical devices. Biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and ductility make these alloys attractive for medical devices such as stents and filters. For these implants, the superelastic property is the primary function of SMAs. Additionally, these alloys, such as NiTi as the prime example, can be used for actuation. Several modes of actuation such as displacement control, force control, and compliance control have been used as harnesses with SMA devices. These two unique properties have opened another application in the form of neurosurgery and robot-assisted surgery devices, as well as controlled assistive and rehabilitation devices. This paper reviews the state of the art of application of SMAs in the latter category where control is applied to harness innovative medical devices. To this end, two major subsets of these devices: prosthesis and orthosis which take the advantage of SMAs in assistive and rehabilitation devices are studied. These devices are further categorized to hand prosthetics, elbow, knee and ankle orthotics. In most of these designs, SMA wires act as artificial muscles to mimic the motion of limbs in the target joints. The evolution of each category is explained, and the specific results of them are reported. The paper also reviews the SMA applications for neurological and neuromuscular rehabilitation. To this end, different categories of rehabilitation devices as a passive and aided exercise for the ankle, knee, and elbow are highlighted. The SMA actuator in these devices can be EMG-controlled to improved patient outcome. In addition to providing a comprehensive overview of the biomedical devices, this paper identifies several possible future directions of SMA related research in the area of assistive and rehabilitation devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Engineering Bone-Implant Materials)
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