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Bioengineering
Special Issues
Stem Cell Therapy for Cerebrovascular Disease
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Stem Cell Therapy for Cerebrovascular Disease

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 December 2022) | Viewed by 14069

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Zhonglin Lyu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
Interests: organ on a chip; stem cell; stroke recovery; cancer metastasis; microfluidics; biomaterials
Dr. Shang Song

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Interests: organ on a chip; stem cells; biomaterials; medical devices; BioMEMs
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cerebrovascular disease such as stroke causes the interruption of blood flow to the brain. Without proper blood flow and oxygen, the affected brain cells are either damaged or die within a few minutes. Once brain cells die, they cannot regenerate, and devastating neurological function loss can occur. Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States with a societal cost of greater than $100 billion per year. Currently, no medical therapies exist for stroke recovery. Stem cell therapy has been highlighted as an emerging paradigm for stroke treatment, with support from experimental animal studies as well as clinical pilot studies. However, many issues still need to be addressed before use in human subjects.

This Special Issue focuses on the most recent advances in stem cell therapy for cerebrovascular disease. Of special interest are manuscripts (both original articles and reviews) addressing topics include but not limited to:

  • Mechanism of action of stem cell in cerebrovascular disease.
  • Approaches for the preparation of adequate number and high quality of stem cell for transplantation.
  • Novel 3D bioprocessing techniques that facilitate the clinical translation of stem cell therapy.
  • Novel bioengineered cell-free stem cells mimics for cerebrovascular disease recovery.
  • Novel biomaterials that facilitates stem cell therapy
  • In vitro 3D organ models that advances stem cell therapy

Dr. Zhonglin Lyu
Dr. Shang Song
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Bioengineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • stem cell therapy
  • cerebrovascular disease
  • mechanism of stem cell therapy
  • stem cell for transplantation
  • 3D stem cell bioprocessing
  • biomaterials
  • hydrogel
  • stem cell-free mimics
  • organ on a chip

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Review

14 pages, 670 KiB  
Review
Mesenchymal and Neural Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Treating Alzheimer’s Disease
by Hongmin Wang, Christa C. Huber and Xiao-Ping Li
Bioengineering 2023, 10(2), 253; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10020253 - 15 Feb 2023
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 5881
Abstract
As the most common form of dementia and a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affects over 10% world population with age 65 and older. The disease is neuropathologically associated with progressive loss of neurons and synapses in specific brain regions, deposition of [...] Read more.
As the most common form of dementia and a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affects over 10% world population with age 65 and older. The disease is neuropathologically associated with progressive loss of neurons and synapses in specific brain regions, deposition of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, neuroinflammation, blood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. Despite the intensive effort, there is still no cure for the disorder. Stem cell-derived exosomes hold great promise in treating various diseases, including AD, as they contain a variety of anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant components. Moreover, stem cell-derived exosomes also promote neurogenesis and angiogenesis and can repair damaged BBB. In this review, we will first outline the major neuropathological features associated with AD; subsequently, a discussion of stem cells, stem cell-secreted exosomes, and the major exosome isolation methods will follow. We will then summarize the recent data involving the use of mesenchymal stem cell- or neural stem cell-derived exosomes in treating AD. Finally, we will briefly discuss the challenges, perspectives, and clinical trials using stem cell-derived exosomes for AD therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stem Cell Therapy for Cerebrovascular Disease)
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22 pages, 2271 KiB  
Review
Stem Cell Therapy for Acute/Subacute Ischemic Stroke with a Focus on Intraarterial Stem Cell Transplantation: From Basic Research to Clinical Trials
by Susumu Yamaguchi, Michiharu Yoshida, Nobutaka Horie, Katsuya Satoh, Yuutaka Fukuda, Shunsuke Ishizaka, Koki Ogawa, Yoichi Morofuji, Takeshi Hiu, Tsuyoshi Izumo, Shigeru Kawakami, Noriyuki Nishida and Takayuki Matsuo
Bioengineering 2023, 10(1), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10010033 - 27 Dec 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3691
Abstract
Stem cell therapy for ischemic stroke holds great promise for the treatment of neurological impairment and has moved from the laboratory into early clinical trials. The mechanism of action of stem cell therapy includes the bystander effect and cell replacement. The bystander effect [...] Read more.
Stem cell therapy for ischemic stroke holds great promise for the treatment of neurological impairment and has moved from the laboratory into early clinical trials. The mechanism of action of stem cell therapy includes the bystander effect and cell replacement. The bystander effect plays an important role in the acute to subacute phase, and cell replacement plays an important role in the subacute to chronic phase. Intraarterial (IA) transplantation is less invasive than intraparenchymal transplantation and can provide more cells in the affected brain region than intravenous transplantation. However, transplanted cell migration was reported to be insufficient, and few transplanted cells were retained in the brain for an extended period. Therefore, the bystander effect was considered the main mechanism of action of IA stem cell transplantation. In most clinical trials, IA transplantation was performed during the acute and subacute phases. Although clinical trials of IA transplantation demonstrated safety, they did not demonstrate satisfactory efficacy in improving patient outcomes. To increase efficacy, increased migration of transplanted cells and production of long surviving and effective stem cells would be crucial. Given the lack of knowledge on this subject, we review and summarize the mechanisms of action of transplanted stem cells and recent advancements in preclinical and clinical studies to provide information and guidance for further advancement of acute/subacute phase IA stem cell transplantation therapy for ischemic stroke. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stem Cell Therapy for Cerebrovascular Disease)
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Graphical abstract

18 pages, 1389 KiB  
Review
Stem Cell- and Cell-Based Therapies for Ischemic Stroke
by Delia Carmen Nistor-Cseppentö, Maria Carolina Jurcău, Anamaria Jurcău, Felicia Liana Andronie-Cioară and Florin Marcu
Bioengineering 2022, 9(11), 717; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9110717 - 20 Nov 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3586
Abstract
Stroke is the second cause of disability worldwide as it is expected to increase its incidence and prevalence. Despite efforts to increase the number of patients eligible for recanalization therapies, a significant proportion of stroke survivors remain permanently disabled. This outcome boosted the [...] Read more.
Stroke is the second cause of disability worldwide as it is expected to increase its incidence and prevalence. Despite efforts to increase the number of patients eligible for recanalization therapies, a significant proportion of stroke survivors remain permanently disabled. This outcome boosted the search for efficient neurorestorative methods. Stem cells act through multiple pathways: cell replacement, the secretion of growth factors, promoting endogenous reparative pathways, angiogenesis, and the modulation of neuroinflammation. Although neural stem cells are difficult to obtain, pose a series of ethical issues, and require intracerebral delivery, mesenchymal stem cells are less immunogenic, are easy to obtain, and can be transplanted via intravenous, intra-arterial, or intranasal routes. Extracellular vesicles and exosomes have similar actions and are easier to obtain, also allowing for engineering to deliver specific molecules or RNAs and to promote the desired effects. Appropriate timing, dosing, and delivery protocols must be established, and the possibility of tumorigenesis must be settled. Nonetheless, stem cell- and cell-based therapies for stroke have already entered clinical trials. Although safe, the evidence for efficacy is less impressive so far. Hopefully, the STEP guidelines and the SPAN program will improve the success rate. As such, stem cell- and cell-based therapy for ischemic stroke holds great promise. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stem Cell Therapy for Cerebrovascular Disease)
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