Biomedical Engineering and Biomarkers in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Applications

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 333

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
Interests: adipocyte physiology; glucose homeostasis; metabolic biomarkers

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
Interests: peripheral nerve; tissue engineering; biomaterials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The field of plastic and reconstructive surgery has seen significant advancements through the integration of biomedical engineering techniques. Innovations in this interdisciplinary field are crucial for improving patient outcomes and overcoming the limitations of traditional surgical methods. This Special Issue aims to present the latest research and developments in the application of biomedical engineering to plastic and reconstructive surgery, with additional interest in metabolic biomarkers for their potential as diagnostic and therapeutic targets.

We welcome original research articles, comprehensive reviews, methods, mini-reviews, and perspectives, including (but not limited to) the following topics:

  • Advanced biomaterials for tissue engineering and reconstruction;
  • 3D bioprinting and its applications in reconstructive surgery;
  • Cell-based therapies for enhanced wound healing and tissue regeneration;
  • Development and optimization of scaffolds for soft and hard tissue repair;
  • Integration of sensors and smart materials for postoperative monitoring;
  • Biomechanics and mechanobiology in reconstructive procedures;
  • Personalized and precision medicine approaches in plastic surgery;
  • New techniques for vascular and nerve regeneration;
  • Computer-aided design and simulation for preoperative planning and surgical training;
  • Novel drug delivery systems for infection control and improvement of healing;
  • Adipocyte biology and its role in tissue regeneration and repair;
  • Impact of surgical interventions on metabolic markers;
  • Identification and utilization of metabolic biomarkers as future diagnostic and therapeutic targets.

We hope this Special Issue will provide a comprehensive update on the synergies between biomedical engineering, plastic and reconstructive surgery, and the role of metabolic biomarkers, showcasing cutting-edge research and its clinical implications.

Dr. Saif Badran
Dr. Matthew Wood
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • tissue engineering
  • 3D bioprinting
  • personalized medicine
  • metabolic biomarkers
  • regenerative medicine
  • advanced biomaterials

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 4011 KiB  
Article
Imaging Peripheral Nerves In Vivo with CT Neurogram Using Novel 2,4,6-Tri-Iodinated Lidocaine Contrast Agent
by Rui Tang, Ron Perez, David M. Brogan, Mikhail Y. Berezin and James E. McCarthy
Bioengineering 2025, 12(4), 422; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12040422 - 16 Apr 2025
Viewed by 202
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries are a significant concern in surgical procedures, often leading to chronic pain and functional impairment. Despite advancements in imaging, preoperative and intraoperative visualization of peripheral nerves remains a challenge. This study introduces and evaluates a novel tri-iodinated lidocaine-based contrast agent [...] Read more.
Peripheral nerve injuries are a significant concern in surgical procedures, often leading to chronic pain and functional impairment. Despite advancements in imaging, preoperative and intraoperative visualization of peripheral nerves remains a challenge. This study introduces and evaluates a novel tri-iodinated lidocaine-based contrast agent for computed tomography neurography, aiming to enhance the intraoperative visibility of peripheral nerves in vivo. A tri-iodinated lidocaine analogue was synthesized and characterized for its radiodensity, sodium channel binding and nerve affinity. Sodium channel affinity was performed using molecular docking. In vitro contrast enhancement was assessed by comparing the agent’s Hounsfield unit (HU) values with those of Omnipaque, a clinically approved contrast medium. In vivo imaging was conducted on rat sciatic nerves using micro-CT, followed by ex vivo validation. Nerve conduction blockade was assessed via electrical stimulation and histological analysis was performed to evaluate neurotoxicity. Experimental results revealed the tri-iodinated lidocaine analogue to have similar or higher affinity toward voltage-gated sodium channels than the parent lidocaine and a radiodensity comparable to the commercial CT contrast agent Omnipaque in vitro. In vivo, the contrast agent provided CT visualization of the sciatic nerve, with a significant increase in HU values compared to untreated nerves. Electrical stimulation confirmed transient nerve conduction blockade without observable histological damage, supporting its dual role as an imaging and nerve-blocking agent. This study presents a novel tri-iodinated lidocaine-based contrast agent that enables clear CT visualization of peripheral nerves while maintaining reversible nerve inhibition. These findings support its potential application in preoperative planning and intraoperative nerve protection to reduce surgical nerve injuries. Further studies are warranted to optimize imaging conditions and evaluate its clinical feasibility. Full article
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