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New Approaches in Design Rainfall Calculations in the Aspect of...
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New Approaches in Design Rainfall Calculations in the Aspect of Storm Water Management and Urban Flood Risk Management

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Climatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 November 2020) | Viewed by 13683

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Bartosz Kaźmierczak

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Water Supply and Sewerage Systems, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Interests: urban hydrology; stormwater drainage system; climate change; mathematical modeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The assessment of threats related to urban floods, in the conditions of a changing climate, is necessary for the rational storm water management of cities. Rainfall data have a decisive impact on the results of hydrodynamic modeling of urban drainage systems and flood risk assessment. It is therefore obvious that we must strive to provide the most accurate rainfall models, based on comprehensive analyses of available precipitation data at the regional level. Despite the research conducted so far on design rainfalls, there are still aspects that need to be raised and discussed. This Special Issue aims to broaden our knowledge of current research on the temporal and spatial variability of precipitation in the context of storm water and urban flood risk management. In particular, the following topics are of interest:

  • Current and future precipitation models;
  • Temporal and spatial rainfall distribution;
  • Impact of climate change on rainfall characteristics;
  • Statistical analysis of precipitation data;
  • Future rainfall scenarios for urban drainage modeling;
  • Defining rainfall hyetographs;
  • Factors affecting local design storms;
  • Verification of precipitation patterns;
  • Flood risk management in the aspect of climate change;
  • Past and future climate change impacts on precipitation extremes;
  • Hazard mitigation and adaptation strategies.

Dr. Bartosz Kaźmierczak
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Rainfall models
  • IDF/DDF curves
  • Precipitation data
  • Design storms
  • Rainfall hyetographs
  • Climate change
  • Hazard and risk

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 7430 KiB  
Article
A Transient Stochastic Rainfall Generator for Climate Changes Analysis at Hydrological Scales in Central Italy
by Davide Luciano De Luca, Andrea Petroselli and Luciano Galasso
Atmosphere 2020, 11(12), 1292; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11121292 - 30 Nov 2020
Cited by 30 | Viewed by 2921
Abstract
In this work, a comprehensive methodology for trend investigation in rainfall time series, in a climate-change context, is proposed. The crucial role played by a Stochastic Rainfall Generator (SRG) is highlighted. Indeed, SRG application is particularly suitable to obtain rainfall series that are [...] Read more.
In this work, a comprehensive methodology for trend investigation in rainfall time series, in a climate-change context, is proposed. The crucial role played by a Stochastic Rainfall Generator (SRG) is highlighted. Indeed, SRG application is particularly suitable to obtain rainfall series that are representative of future rainfall series at hydrological scales. Moreover, the methodology investigates the climate change effects on several timescales, considering the well-known Mann–Kendall test and analyzing the variation of probability distributions of extremes and hazard. The hypothesis is that the effects of climate changes could be more evident only for specific time resolutions, and only for some considered aspects. Applications regarded the rainfall time series of the Viterbo rain gauge in Central Italy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Approaches in Design Rainfall Calculations in the Aspect of Storm Water Management and Urban Flood Risk Management)
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19 pages, 6720 KiB  
Article
Variation in Atmospheric Precipitation in Poland in the Years 2001–2018
by Agnieszka Ziernicka-Wojtaszek and Joanna Kopcińska
Atmosphere 2020, 11(8), 794; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11080794 - 28 Jul 2020
Cited by 53 | Viewed by 4526
Abstract
Climate change scenarios are in agreement as to the direction of air temperature changes in global warming, although the magnitude of the warming depends on the scenario adopted. In contrast, projections of changes in precipitation totals in Poland are not clear and obvious. [...] Read more.
Climate change scenarios are in agreement as to the direction of air temperature changes in global warming, although the magnitude of the warming depends on the scenario adopted. In contrast, projections of changes in precipitation totals in Poland are not clear and obvious. Analysis of long-term observational series reveals no clear significant trends in levels of precipitation, despite periods of fluctuation, as well as an upward trend reported in the annual amount of precipitation, especially in northern Poland. However, the increasing variability of annual rainfall totals is commonly highlighted. In the years 1861–1990, the coefficient of variation of annual precipitation totals increased from about 10% to 16%. In the years 1971–2000, this coefficient for Poland increased to 17%, and in the period of 2001–2018, which is the subject of the present study, to 19%. Despite the lack of clear trends in annual totals, the increase in the coefficient of variation results in an increase in the frequency of both drought and floods. This unfavorable situation is exacerbated by the downward trend observed in the share of summer rainfall in the annual total. In urban areas with increasing surface sealing, the share of surface runoff in the water balance increases, and in this situation short-term rainfall will cause local flooding. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Approaches in Design Rainfall Calculations in the Aspect of Storm Water Management and Urban Flood Risk Management)
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13 pages, 1737 KiB  
Article
Model Hyetographs of Short-Term Rainfall for Wrocław in the Perspective of 2050
by Katarzyna Wartalska and Andrzej Kotowski
Atmosphere 2020, 11(6), 663; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11060663 - 21 Jun 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2914
Abstract
One of the most important problems while modeling stormwater drainage systems is the choice of rainfall scenario, which will take into account the real rainfall distribution over time. This problem is particularly significant due to the climate change observed in recent decades, manifested, [...] Read more.
One of the most important problems while modeling stormwater drainage systems is the choice of rainfall scenario, which will take into account the real rainfall distribution over time. This problem is particularly significant due to the climate change observed in recent decades, manifested, among others, in the increase in the precipitation intensities or changes in their structure. Taking into account these forecasts is essential to safely design sewer systems and their proper operation. The work aims to verify the Euler type II standard rainfall used so far to model sewage systems in Poland and to develop the forecasted form of this pattern in the perspective of 2050. Precipitation data from measurement stations in Wrocław were used as research material. The prediction model of maximum rainfall amounts allowed to determine the forecasted increase in intensities of short-term rainfall (for the occurrence frequencies recommended by Standard EN 752:2017 for the dimensioning and modeling of sewage systems). On this basis, model hyetographs forecasted for 2050 were prepared for Wrocław. Their choice—as a future rainfall load in hydrodynamic modeling—will allow one to meet the requirements for the frequency of flooding occurrence from sewer systems and their safe operation over several decades. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Approaches in Design Rainfall Calculations in the Aspect of Storm Water Management and Urban Flood Risk Management)
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13 pages, 4704 KiB  
Article
Model Details, Parametrization, and Accuracy in Daily Scale Green Roof Hydrological Conceptual Simulation
by Mirka Mobilia and Antonia Longobardi
Atmosphere 2020, 11(6), 575; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11060575 - 1 Jun 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2497
Abstract
In time, several models with different complexity have been proposed to predict the retention performances of a green roof. In the current study three conceptual models of increasing complexity in descriptive details, are calibrated and compared to experimental data. The proposed approaches consist [...] Read more.
In time, several models with different complexity have been proposed to predict the retention performances of a green roof. In the current study three conceptual models of increasing complexity in descriptive details, are calibrated and compared to experimental data. The proposed approaches consist of daily scale hydrological models, based on water balance equations, where the main processes and variables accounted for are the precipitation input, the evapotranspiration losses, and the maximum water storage capacity. Model detail increase is achieved moving from an approach using potential evapotranspiration and constant storage threshold to an approach using actual evapotranspiration and a variable storage threshold. The main findings confirm on one side the role played by evapotranspiration modeling and, on the other side, the good accuracy achieved, in a minimal calibration requirement approach, through the modeling of basic and elemental processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Approaches in Design Rainfall Calculations in the Aspect of Storm Water Management and Urban Flood Risk Management)
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