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Atmosphere
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Greenhouse Gases Emissions: Recent Trends, Current Progress and Future Directions
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Greenhouse Gases Emissions: Recent Trends, Current Progress and Future Directions

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosphere/Hydrosphere/Land–Atmosphere Interactions".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 April 2022) | Viewed by 11229

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Kerou Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Institute of Wetlands, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
Interests: nitrous oxide; climate change; global or regional nitrogen cycle; ecological modelling; field observation
Dr. Mingxu Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Interests: methane; global or regional carbon cycle; inland waters; statistical methods; hydrological modelling; machine learning

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally, including carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane, are leading to climate change. Along with increasing public and political interest in abating climate change, opportunities to reduce GHG emissions have received increasing attention. Accordingly, it is necessary to identify what is the current progress of GHG emissions, what has driven GHG emissions in the past and what can feasibly and effectively drive them down in the future. However, GHG emissions result from delicate biogeochemical processes and are regulated by multiple environmental factors, showing very strong spatial and temporal heterogeneity and having large uncertainties in estimation.

In this Special Issue, we aim to publish original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analysis, field observations and model studies on GHG emissions from various ecosystems, including forests, grasslands, inland waters, etc. Topics of interest to this Special Issue include (but are not limited to):

  • Studies focusing on the spatial and temporal dynamics of GHG emissions at regional or global scales;
  • Field studies exploring the mechanism and processes of GHGs emissions from natural ecosystems or regions affected by human activities;
  • Systematic reviews (i.e., meta-analyses, model simulation and machine learning method) quantifying the significant sources or sinks of GHGs regionally or globally, and their potentially dominant factors, with regard to climate change or anthropogenic disturbances;

Approaches or optimization strategies to balance the tradeoff between GHG emissions and energy demand and economic development.

Dr. Kerou Zhang
Dr. Mingxu Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • GHG emissions
  • Climate change
  • Anthropogenic disturbances
  • Spatial and temporal patterns
  • Methane
  • Nitrous oxide
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Modelling and monitoring
  • Carbon dynamics (sink and/or source)
  • GHG mitigation

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 3675 KiB  
Article
Resource-Based Industries and CO2 Emissions Embedded in Value Chains: A Regional Analysis for Selected Countries in Latin America
by Eduardo Rodrigues Sanguinet, Carlos Roberto Azzoni and Augusto Mussi Alvim
Atmosphere 2022, 13(6), 856; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13060856 - 24 May 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2185
Abstract
This paper analyzes the relative content of CO2 emissions embedded in regional supply chains in four different countries in Latin America: Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Mexico. We estimate both the trade in value-added (TiVA) and the CO2 content embedded in interregional [...] Read more.
This paper analyzes the relative content of CO2 emissions embedded in regional supply chains in four different countries in Latin America: Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Mexico. We estimate both the trade in value-added (TiVA) and the CO2 content embedded in interregional and foreign exports, mapping the relative intensity of CO2 emission levels on value chains. For that, we applied an inter-regional input-output model to determine the interplay between the CO2 emission embedded in goods of resource-based industries and their linkages with other economic industries, revealing a map of CO2 emissions on trade in value-added trade from a subnational dimension. The main result reveals an interregional dependence, indicating a higher level of embedded CO2 on value-added in each regional economy for resource-based industries, usually intense in CO2 emissions. This finding has considerable implications for the sustainable development goals of these subnational areas, as the spatial concentration of production leads to an unbalanced regional capacity for promoting reductions in CO2 emissions along with value chains. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Greenhouse Gases Emissions: Recent Trends, Current Progress and Future Directions)
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11 pages, 1879 KiB  
Article
Temporal and Spatial Variation of Wetland CH4 Emissions from the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau under Future Climate Change Scenarios
by Xian Zhang, Jieyi Wang, Jiang Zhang, Huai Chen, Changhui Peng and Qiuan Zhu
Atmosphere 2022, 13(6), 854; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13060854 - 24 May 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2371
Abstract
Wetlands are an important natural source of methane (CH4), so it is important to quantify how their emissions may vary under future climate change conditions. The Qinghai–Tibet Plateau contains more than a third of China’s wetlands. Here, we simulated temporal and [...] Read more.
Wetlands are an important natural source of methane (CH4), so it is important to quantify how their emissions may vary under future climate change conditions. The Qinghai–Tibet Plateau contains more than a third of China’s wetlands. Here, we simulated temporal and spatial variation in CH4 emissions from natural wetlands on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau from 2008 to 2100 under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5. Based on the simulation results of the TRIPLEX-GHG model forced with data from 24 CMIP5 models of global climate, we predict that, assuming no change in wetland distribution on the Plateau, CH4 emissions from natural wetlands will increase by 35%, 98% and 267%, respectively, under RCP 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5. The predicted increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration will contribute 10–28% to the increased CH4 emissions from wetlands on the Plateau by 2100. Emissions are predicted to be majorly in the range of 0 to 30.5 g C m−2·a−1 across the Plateau and higher from wetlands in the southern region of the Plateau than from wetlands in central or northern regions. Under RCP8.5, the methane emissions of natural wetlands on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau increased much more significantly than that under RCP2.6 and RCP4.5. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Greenhouse Gases Emissions: Recent Trends, Current Progress and Future Directions)
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16 pages, 3627 KiB  
Article
Soil Enzyme Activity Regulates the Response of Soil C Fluxes to N Fertilization in a Temperate Cultivated Grassland
by Yan Yang, Huajun Fang, Shulan Cheng, Lijun Xu, Mingzhu Lu, Yifan Guo, Yuna Li and Yi Zhou
Atmosphere 2022, 13(5), 777; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13050777 - 11 May 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3127
Abstract
Exogenous nitrogen (N) inputs greatly change the emission and uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from temperate grassland soils, thereby affecting the carbon (C) budget of regional terrestrial ecosystems. Relevant research focused on natural grassland, but the [...] Read more.
Exogenous nitrogen (N) inputs greatly change the emission and uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from temperate grassland soils, thereby affecting the carbon (C) budget of regional terrestrial ecosystems. Relevant research focused on natural grassland, but the effects of N fertilization on C exchange fluxes from different forage soils and the driving mechanisms were poorly understood. Here, a three-year N addition experiment was conducted on cultivated grassland planted with alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and bromegrass (Bromus inermis) in Inner Mongolia. The fluxes of soil-atmospheric CO2 and CH4; the content of the total dissolved N (TDN); the dissolved organic N (DON); the dissolved organic C (DOC); NH4+–N and NO3−–N in soil; enzyme activity; and auxiliary variables (soil temperature and moisture) were simultaneously measured. The results showed that N fertilization (>75 kg N ha−1 year−1) caused more serious soil acidification for alfalfa planting than for brome planting. N fertilization stimulated P-acquiring hydrolase (AP) in soil for growing Bromus inermis but did not affect C- and N-acquiring hydrolases (AG, BG, CBH, BX, LAP, and NAG). The oxidase activities (PHO and PER) of soil for planting Bromus inermis were higher than soil for planting Medicago sativa, regardless of N, whether fertilization was applied or not. Forage species and N fertilization did not affect soil CO2 flux, whereas a high rate of N fertilization (150 kg N ha−1 year−1) significantly inhibited CH4 uptake in soil for planting Medicago sativa. A synergistic effect between CO2 emission and CH4 uptake in soil was found over the short term. Our findings highlight that forage species affect soil enzyme activity in response to N fertilization. Soil enzyme activity may be an important regulatory factor for C exchange from temperate artificial grassland soil in response to N fertilization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Greenhouse Gases Emissions: Recent Trends, Current Progress and Future Directions)
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10 pages, 523 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Modifications in Forest Litter Inputs on Soil N2O Fluxes: A Meta-Analysis
by Yuting Zhou, Delong Meng, Bruce Osborne, Yue Fan and Junliang Zou
Atmosphere 2022, 13(5), 742; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13050742 - 6 May 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2535
Abstract
Although litter can regulate the global climate by influencing soil N2O fluxes, there is no consensus on the major drivers or their relative importance and how these impact at the global scale. In this paper, we conducted a meta-analysis of 21 [...] Read more.
Although litter can regulate the global climate by influencing soil N2O fluxes, there is no consensus on the major drivers or their relative importance and how these impact at the global scale. In this paper, we conducted a meta-analysis of 21 global studies to quantify the impact of litter removal and litter doubling on soil N2O fluxes from forests. Overall, our results showed that litter removal significantly reduced soil N2O fluxes (−19.0%), while a doubling of the amount of litter significantly increased soil N2O fluxes (30.3%), based on the results of a small number of studies. Litter removal decreased the N2O fluxes from tropical forest and temperate forest. The warmer the climate, the greater the soil acidity, and the larger the soil C:N ratio, the greater the impact on N2O emissions, which was particularly evident in tropical forest ecosystems. The decreases in soil N2O fluxes associated with litter removal were greater in acid soils (pH < 6.5) or soils with a C:N > 15. Litter removal decreased soil N2O fluxes from coniferous forests (−21.8%) and broad-leaved forests (−17.2%) but had no significant effect in mixed forests. Soil N2O fluxes were significantly reduced in experiments where the duration of litter removal was <1 year. These results showed that modifications in ecosystem N2O fluxes due to changes in the ground litter vary with forest type and need to be considered when evaluating current and future greenhouse gas budgets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Greenhouse Gases Emissions: Recent Trends, Current Progress and Future Directions)
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