Clean Energy and Fuel Storage 2021

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2022) | Viewed by 11113

Special Issue Editors

Department of Engineering Physics, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL 33805, USA
Interests: hydrogen storage; fuel cells; thermochemical energy storage and carbon capture; nanotechnology; multifunctional materials; photocatalysis; material synthesis and characterization; thermochromic and electrochromic materials; leachate remediation via advanced oxidation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Nanosystem Research Institute, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-Ro 1, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul 088826, Korea
Interests: Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based on Quantum dots (TiO2, graphene, quantum wires); Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) for energy applications; Clean Energy Harvesting and Storage; Novel Graphene Redox Nanocatalysts for environmental applications; Graphene and polymeric membrane technology; Nanodevices Fabrication via 3D/4D Printing, AI, and ML; Drug Delivery and Stimuli responsive Nanomaterials research; Nano/quantum scale Artificial Morphogenetic research

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue on “Clean Energy and Fuels Storage” is focused on state-of-the-art technologies in developing and demonstrating efficient storage systems using clean and renewable energy and/or fuel sources. Some of the cutting-edge research areas for sustainable energy storage systems are from hydrogen/hydride, direct electric, electrochemical, thermochemical, thermomechanical, and solar–thermal energy. We invite contributions in these aforementioned R&D areas and their applications related to stationary and mobile transportations, power utilities, and alternative energy and fuel storage technologies, including carbon capture.

Dr. Sesha S. Srinivasan
Dr. Versha Khare
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • hydrogen energy storage
  • soar–thermal energy storage
  • thermochemical energy storage
  • electrochemical energy storage
  • thermomechanical energy storage
  • direct electric energy storage
  • direct mechanical energy storage
  • carbon capture and storage

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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23 pages, 7858 KiB  
Article
Non-Isolated DC-DC Converters in Fuel Cell Applications: Thermal Analysis and Reliability Comparison
by Omid Alavi, Talieh Rajabloo, Ward De Ceuninck and Michaël Daenen
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(10), 5026; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12105026 - 16 May 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2613
Abstract
An alternative energy source that has appeared beyond expectations and has seen a lot of progress is the fuel cell. A proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell is chosen for analysis and requires a DC-DC boost converter as an interface between the fuel [...] Read more.
An alternative energy source that has appeared beyond expectations and has seen a lot of progress is the fuel cell. A proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell is chosen for analysis and requires a DC-DC boost converter as an interface between the fuel cell and the load to provide a high-gain regulated voltage. Although great effort towards developing different converter topologies has been made during recent decades, less attention has been devoted to the reliability and thermal performance assessment of the present converters. In this paper, five non-isolated DC-DC converters are analyzed in terms of both thermal behavior and reliability. The temperature estimation of semiconductor devices as a critical part of the thermal analysis has been made via a detailed thermal model and the reliability is evaluated by means of a power cycling test. Finally, a performance score has been attributed using the TOPSIS ranking methodology and considering all the criteria (e.g., the number of components and cost) at the same time. The results indicated that the floating interleaved boost converter is always at the top of the list, even if the weight of the indicators is changed. When the weight of the cost criterion is higher than the reliability criterion, the multi-switch boost converter will be in second place. If the weight of the reliability criterion is greater than cost, the interleaved and multi-switch converter are ranked second and third, respectively. Additionally, the Cuk converter with a closeness coefficient of zero is always associated with the most unfavorable performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clean Energy and Fuel Storage 2021)
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18 pages, 4151 KiB  
Article
Particle Dynamics-Based Stochastic Modeling of Carbon Particle Charging in the Flow Capacitor Systems
by Faiza Summer, Janno Torop, Alvo Aabloo, Andreas Kyritsakis and Veronika Zadin
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(4), 1887; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12041887 - 11 Feb 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1294
Abstract
Aqueous electrochemical flow capacitors (EFCs) have demonstrated high-power capabilities and safety at low cost, making them promising energy storage devices for grid applications. A primary performance metric of an EFC is the steady-state electrical current density it can accept or deliver. Performance prediction, [...] Read more.
Aqueous electrochemical flow capacitors (EFCs) have demonstrated high-power capabilities and safety at low cost, making them promising energy storage devices for grid applications. A primary performance metric of an EFC is the steady-state electrical current density it can accept or deliver. Performance prediction, design improvements, and up-scaling are areas in which modeling can be useful. In this paper, a novel stochastic superparticle (SP) modeling approach was developed and applied to study the charging of carbon electrodes in the EFC system, using computational superparticles representing real carbon particles. The model estimated the exact values of significant operating parameters of an EFC, such as the number of particles in the flow channel and the number of electrolytic ions per carbon particle. Optimized model parameters were applied to three geometrical designs of an EFC to estimate their performance. The modeling approach allowed study of the charge per carbon particle to form the electric double-layer structure. The linear relationship between the concentration of SPs and the ionic charge was observed when optimized at a constant voltage of 0.75 V. The simulation results are in excellent agreement with experimental data, providing a deep insight into the performance of an EFC and identifying limiting parameters for both engineers and material scientists to consider. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clean Energy and Fuel Storage 2021)
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Review

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34 pages, 5123 KiB  
Review
Recent Developments on the Synthesis of Nanocomposite Materials via Ball Milling Approach for Energy Storage Applications
by Josny Joy, Anand Krishnamoorthy, Ashish Tanna, Vishal Kamathe, Rupali Nagar and Sesha Srinivasan
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(18), 9312; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12189312 - 16 Sep 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4879
Abstract
This review is focused on the topical developments in the synthesis of nanocomposites using the simplest top-down approach, mechanochemical milling, and the related aspects of the interfacial interactions. Milling constraints include time duration of milling, ball size, the ball-to-sample content proportion, rotation speed, [...] Read more.
This review is focused on the topical developments in the synthesis of nanocomposites using the simplest top-down approach, mechanochemical milling, and the related aspects of the interfacial interactions. Milling constraints include time duration of milling, ball size, the ball-to-sample content proportion, rotation speed, and energy that took part in a vital part of the structure–property relationships and composite interactions. Milled nanocomposites are being used in different structural applications for their higher performance rate and throughput. The synthesis of different nanocomposites and the effect of various parameters on the mill-ability of nanocomposites are discussed. Moreover, some of the major advancements in the energy sector are discussed in the latter part of the review. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clean Energy and Fuel Storage 2021)
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20 pages, 4638 KiB  
Review
Rationalizing Structural Hierarchy in the Design of Fuel Cell Electrode and Electrolyte Materials Derived from Metal-Organic Frameworks
by Aniket Kumar, Prashant Purwar, Sanjiv Sonkaria and Varsha Khare
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(13), 6659; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12136659 - 30 Jun 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1601
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are arguably a class of highly tuneable polymer-based materials with wide applicability. The arrangement of chemical components and the bonds they form through specific chemical bond associations are critical determining factors in their functionality. In particular, crystalline porous materials continue [...] Read more.
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are arguably a class of highly tuneable polymer-based materials with wide applicability. The arrangement of chemical components and the bonds they form through specific chemical bond associations are critical determining factors in their functionality. In particular, crystalline porous materials continue to inspire their development and advancement towards sustainable and renewable materials for clean energy conversion and storage. An important area of development is the application of MOFs in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and are attractive for efficient low-temperature energy conversion. The practical implementation of fuel cells, however, is faced by performance challenges. To address some of the technical issues, a more critical consideration of key problems is now driving a conceptualised approach to advance the application of PEMFCs. Central to this idea is the emerging field MOF-based systems, which are currently being adopted and proving to be a more efficient and durable means of creating electrodes and electrolytes for proton-exchange membrane fuel cells. This review proposes to discuss some of the key advancements in the modification of PEMs and electrodes, which primarily use functionally important MOFs. Further, we propose to correlate MOF-based PEMFC design and the deeper correlation with performance by comparing proton conductivities and catalytic activities for selected works. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clean Energy and Fuel Storage 2021)
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