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Applied Sciences
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Novel Advances and Applications in Bio-Electromagnetics and Biomedical Engineering
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Novel Advances and Applications in Bio-Electromagnetics and Biomedical Engineering

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2024) | Viewed by 4630

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Roman Radil

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electromagnetic and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, University of Zilina, 01026 Zilina, Slovakia
Interests: electromagnetic fields; bio-electromagnetics; low-frequency electromagnetic field expositon; pattern recognition; medical and biomedical image processing
Dr. Jakub Misek

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical Biophysics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
Interests: biological effects of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields; heart rate variability; medical/biomedical devices; bioelectromagnetism
Dr. Patrik Kamencay

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Multimedia and Information-Communication Technologies, University of Zilina, 010 26 Zilina, Slovakia
Interests: image segmentation; image analysis; feature extraction; computer vision; pattern recognition; digital image processing; object recognition; classification algorithms; image processing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Electricity has become an integral part of life. Many everyday tasks are dependent on electromagnetism. Despite the enormous benefits of modern technologies, we must consider the possible biological and health impacts of new applications.

Naturally occurring weak electromagnetic fields are now supplemented and multiplied by artificial fields, such as power lines or wiring in homes. Because living organisms have evolved in the presence of weak magnetic and low-frequency sources of electromagnetic energy, it can be assumed that they are adapted to them. Due to the considerable proliferation of new non-ionizing sources of electromagnetic field, there are more public and scientific debates about their beneficial utilization vs. harmfulness. Current science does not yet have a definitive answer to the ongoing mechanisms of the impact of that exposition of biological objects. It is obvious that it is complex and will probably extend beyond conventional physical principles.

This Special Issue is focused on the possible advantages of bio-electromagnetics, as well as the detrimental effects related to it. Therefore, contributions on biomedical research, epidemiological studies, and bioelectromagnetic effects at the tissue or cellular levels would be of utmost interest.

Dr. Roman Radil
Dr. Jakub Misek
Dr. Patrik Kamencay
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bio-electromagnetism
  • non-ionizing electromagnetic field
  • biological impact
  • biomedical research
  • health effects of electric or magnetic fields

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1317 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Electroencephalograms Based on the Phase Plane Method
by Oksana Kharchenko, Zlatinka Kovacheva and Velin Andonov
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(5), 2204; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14052204 - 06 Mar 2024
Viewed by 470
Abstract
Ensuring noise immunity is one of the main tasks of radio engineering and telecommunication. The main task of signal receiving comes down to the best recovery of useful information from a signal that is destructed during propagation and received together with interference. Currently, [...] Read more.
Ensuring noise immunity is one of the main tasks of radio engineering and telecommunication. The main task of signal receiving comes down to the best recovery of useful information from a signal that is destructed during propagation and received together with interference. Currently, the interference and noise control comes to the fore. Modern elements and methods of processing, related to intelligent systems, strengthen the role of the verification and recognition of targets. This makes noise control particularly relevant. The most-important quantitative indicator that characterizes the quality of the useful signal is the signal-to-noise ratio. Therefore, determining the noise parameters is very important. In the present paper, a signal model is used in the form of an additive mixture of useful signals and Gaussian noise. It is an ordinary model of a received signal in radio engineering and communications. It is shown that the phase portrait of this signal has the shape of an ellipse at the low noise level. For the first time, an expression of the width of the ellipse line is obtained, which is determined by the noise dispersion. Currently, in electroencephalography, diagnosis is based on the Fourier transform. But, many brain diseases are not detected by this method. Therefore, the search and use of other methods of signal processing is relevant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances and Applications in Bio-Electromagnetics and Biomedical Engineering)
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14 pages, 3870 KiB  
Article
The Effect of a Magnetic Field on the Transport of Functionalized Magnetite Nanoparticles into Yeast Cells
by Bernadeta Dobosz, Eliza Gunia, Klaudia Kotarska, Grzegorz Schroeder and Joanna Kurczewska
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(4), 1343; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14041343 - 06 Feb 2024
Viewed by 602
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles are of great interest to scientists as potential drug carriers. Therefore, it is essential to analyze the processes these nanoparticles undergo at the cellular level. The present paper demonstrates the effect of a constant and rotating magnetic field on penetration of [...] Read more.
Magnetic nanoparticles are of great interest to scientists as potential drug carriers. Therefore, it is essential to analyze the processes these nanoparticles undergo at the cellular level. The present paper demonstrates the effect of a constant and rotating magnetic field on penetration of TEMPOL-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles into yeast cells. The interactions between nanoparticles and yeast cells without and with a magnetic field were studied using electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR). The results showed that the ESR method can monitor the effect of a magnetic field on the magnetite nanoparticle penetration rate into the cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances and Applications in Bio-Electromagnetics and Biomedical Engineering)
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16 pages, 3278 KiB  
Article
Metabolic and Developmental Changes in Insects as Stress-Related Response to Electromagnetic Field Exposure
by Joanna Wyszkowska, Justyna Maliszewska and Piotr Gas
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(17), 9893; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13179893 - 01 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1375
Abstract
(1) Background: The growing ubiquity of electromagnetic fields (EMF) due to rapid technological progress raises concerns about potential health implications. While laboratory experiments have generated inconclusive findings about adverse effects, EMFs have demonstrated efficacy in magnetotherapy. Earlier studies indicate that an EMF can [...] Read more.
(1) Background: The growing ubiquity of electromagnetic fields (EMF) due to rapid technological progress raises concerns about potential health implications. While laboratory experiments have generated inconclusive findings about adverse effects, EMFs have demonstrated efficacy in magnetotherapy. Earlier studies indicate that an EMF can trigger stress responses in organisms, the outcomes of which are dependent on the intensity of the EMF. (2) Methods: This study aims to explore the effects of extremely low-frequency EMF (50 Hz, 1 mT, or 7 mT) on metamorphosis and metabolism rates, which are indicators of stress, across different developmental stages of Tenebrio molitor, including adults, pupae, and larvae. (3) Results: Our findings reveal that exposure to EMF leads to accelerated weight loss, increased adult metabolism, and higher mortality; however, EMF exposure appears to have no impact on sugar levels or the rate and success of metamorphosis. Notably, significant changes were only observed under the influence of a strong EMF (7 mT), while the weaker EMF (1 mT) did not yield statistically significant outcomes. (4) Conclusion: The obtained results suggest that an extremely low-frequency EMF can be considered a stressor, with its effects contingent upon the specific parameters of exposure and the developmental stage of the experimental model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances and Applications in Bio-Electromagnetics and Biomedical Engineering)
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Review

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14 pages, 264 KiB  
Review
Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Stimulation in Bone Healing and Joint Preservation: A Narrative Review of the Literature
by Gaetano Caruso, Leo Massari, Sebastiano Lentini, Stefania Setti, Edoardo Gambuti and Achille Saracco
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(5), 1789; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14051789 - 22 Feb 2024
Viewed by 572
Abstract
Background: Biophysical stimulation therapy, Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs) and Capacitively Coupled Electric Fields (CCEFs) have significantly increased in the last twenty years. Due to this, it is necessary to have clear information regarding their efficacy, therapeutic indications and expected objectives. Application fields: There [...] Read more.
Background: Biophysical stimulation therapy, Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs) and Capacitively Coupled Electric Fields (CCEFs) have significantly increased in the last twenty years. Due to this, it is necessary to have clear information regarding their efficacy, therapeutic indications and expected objectives. Application fields: There is a unanimous opinion regarding the usefulness of applying biophysical therapy on the bone compartment both in terms of the tissue-healing process and the symptoms associated with this situation. Differently, but no less important, positive results were observed in the joint compartment, especially with regard to the inhibition of the inflammatory process. Good results for chondroprotection were obtained in vitro and after a surgical procedure. New studies have shown the effectiveness also in cases of osteoporosis. Conclusions: The effectiveness of PEMFs and CCEFs on the bone-healing process and on joint preservation in the orthopedic and traumatology fields has consolidated evidence in the literature. We have also found positive results for symptoms and patient compliance with rehabilitation therapies. Therefore, their notable applications can be envisaged in the fields of prosthetic surgery and sports medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances and Applications in Bio-Electromagnetics and Biomedical Engineering)
16 pages, 2200 KiB  
Review
Sonoporation, a Novel Frontier for Cancer Treatment: A Review of the Literature
by Martina Ricci, Elisa Barbi, Mattia Dimitri, Claudia Duranti, Annarosa Arcangeli and Andrea Corvi
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(2), 515; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14020515 - 06 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1001
Abstract
Sonoporation has garnered significant attention for its potential to temporarily permeabilize cell membranes through the application of ultrasound waves, thus enabling an efficient cellular uptake of molecules. Despite its promising applications, the precise control of sonoporation remains a complex and evolving challenge in [...] Read more.
Sonoporation has garnered significant attention for its potential to temporarily permeabilize cell membranes through the application of ultrasound waves, thus enabling an efficient cellular uptake of molecules. Despite its promising applications, the precise control of sonoporation remains a complex and evolving challenge in the field of cellular and molecular biology. This review aims to address two key aspects central to advancing our understanding of sonoporation. Firstly, it underscores the necessity for the establishment of a standardized methodology to validate and quantify the successful entry of molecules into target cells. This entails a critical examination of existing techniques and the identification of best practices to ensure accurate, reliable, and reproducible results. By establishing a common framework for assessing sonoporation outcomes, researchers can enhance the reliability and comparability of their experiments, paving the way for more robust findings. Secondly, the review places particular emphasis on the detailed analysis of various acoustic parameters as reported in the papers selected from the literature. Among these parameters, acoustic intensity (specifically, ISPTA) emerges as a pivotal factor in sonoporation studies. Furthermore, this review delves into the exploration of the elastic modulus and its significance in sonoporation mechanisms and associated challenges. This knowledge can inform the development of more effective strategies to optimize sonoporation protocols. In summary, this review not only highlights the pressing need for a standardized approach to verify molecule entry into cells but also delves into the search for an effective frequency and acoustic intensity for in vivo and in vitro applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances and Applications in Bio-Electromagnetics and Biomedical Engineering)
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