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Blockchain-Based Architecture: Performance and Applications

A Special Issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417) belonging to the section "Computing and Artificial Intelligence".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 January 2027 | Viewed by 742

Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Telematic Engineering and Electronics, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: distributed ledger technologies; blockchain; the internet of things; cyber–physical systems; explainable artificial intelligence

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Guest Editor
Computer Science, Penn State Harrisburg, Middletown, PA 17057, USA
Interests: IoT and cyber–physical systems; blockchain technology; federated learning

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Blockchain technologies have evolved from purely transactional systems into complex, distributed infrastructures supporting data sharing, automation, and trust across heterogeneous environments. However, as blockchain adoption expands beyond cryptocurrencies into domains such as Internet of Things (IoT), smart grids, digital twins, supply chains, healthcare, and decentralized AI, architectural design and performance considerations become critical challenges. This Special Issue aims to gather high-quality research addressing blockchain-based architectures with a particular emphasis on performance, scalability, interoperability, and real-world applicability. Contributions may focus on architectural designs integrating blockchain with cloud–edge–fog computing, IoT platforms, artificial intelligence and cyber–physical systems (CPS), as well as on-layer optimizations such as consensus mechanisms, off-chain computation, data storage strategies, and cross-chain communication. In addition to theoretical and experimental performance evaluations—which cover aspects such as latency, throughput, energy efficiency and security trade-offs—this Special Issue encourages application-driven studies demonstrating validated deployments, prototypes and benchmarks in industrial, urban, environmental and energy-related contexts. Survey and review articles synthesizing architectural trends, performance metrics, and open challenges are also welcome. Overall, this Special Issue aims to advance blockchain from conceptual frameworks to robust, scalable, and efficient systems suitable for real-world engineering solutions.

Dr. Jesús Rodríguez-Molina
Dr. Bimal Ghimire
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • blockchain
  • distributed ledger technologies
  • scalability
  • Internet of Things (IoT)
  • smart contracts
  • edge and cloud computing

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

42 pages, 903 KB  
Article
A Blockchain-Based Tokenize–Track–Trace (3T) Architecture for Oracle-Anchored Supply Chain Traceability Using Dynamic NFTs and Smart Contracts
by Yassine Idel Mahjoub, Tarik Chargui, Abdelghani Bekrar and Damien Trentesaux
Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(15), 7762; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16157762 - 4 Aug 2026
Viewed by 307
Abstract
This paper introduces an approach based on blockchain and dynamic Non-Fungible Tokens (dNFTs) for transparent supply chain management (SCM) through end-to-end traceability and automation. The approach addresses three recurring limitations of blockchain-enabled SCM: physical-to-digital anchoring, explicit event semantics and authorization, and reproducible performance [...] Read more.
This paper introduces an approach based on blockchain and dynamic Non-Fungible Tokens (dNFTs) for transparent supply chain management (SCM) through end-to-end traceability and automation. The approach addresses three recurring limitations of blockchain-enabled SCM: physical-to-digital anchoring, explicit event semantics and authorization, and reproducible performance evaluation. Each physical product is represented as a dynamic on-chain asset whose tokenization is gated by a threshold oracle-attestation rule, and whose lifecycle is updated through role-authorized, auditable events, supporting accountability-oriented practices such as enhanced transparency, improved provenance, stronger recall capability, and responsible sourcing. We operationalize the proposed approach through the 3T (Tokenize–Track–Trace) architecture and instantiate it on a permissioned blockchain to demonstrate oracle-anchored product tokenization, end-to-end traceability, and workflow automation via smart contracts. Performance is evaluated using standard blockchain metrics (throughput, latency, load-scaling and saturation behavior under a fixed topology, resource utilization, success rate, and traceability-query latency) under controlled load-generation settings. The paper also discusses security assumptions, implementation limitations, and potential future research directions for blockchain-enabled SCM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Blockchain-Based Architecture: Performance and Applications)
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