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Marine Fluid Mechanics: Research, Discovery and Applications

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Dr. Anastasios Georgoulas

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Liverpool Logistics Offshore and Marine (LOOM) Research Institute, School of Engineering and Built Environment, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
Interests: computational fluid dynamics; multi-phase flows; thermal management

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Marine fluid mechanics represents a critical intersection of fundamental physics, environmental science, and engineering applications. This Special Issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research on fluid dynamics in marine environments, covering theoretical developments, computational modeling, and experimental investigations. Topics of interest include wave–structure interactions, turbulent flows in coastal zones, multiphase dynamics in marine systems, sediment transport mechanisms, and the fluid mechanics of renewable energy extraction from oceans. Studies on these topics hold direct practical value for optimizing offshore wind turbine foundation design, safeguarding coastlines against erosion, managing siltation in port channels, and enhancing the efficiency of energy conversion equipment. We welcome contributions that advance our understanding of complex marine flow phenomena, develop innovative numerical methods for marine applications, and provide insights into sustainable ocean engineering solutions. This Special Issue seeks to bridge the gap between fundamental research and practical applications in marine technology, addressing challenges in offshore engineering, coastal protection, marine renewable energy, and environmental sustainability.

Dr. Anastasios Georgoulas
Guest Editor

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18 pages, 1873 KB

Open AccessArticle

Stochastic Sensitivity and Consistency Analysis of Hybrid Wave–Current Energy Concept Selection

by Cheng Yee Ng and Muk Chen Ong

Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(17), 8460; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16178460 - 25 Aug 2026

Viewed by 165

Abstract

Hybrid marine energy systems that integrate wave and current technologies can improve resource complementarity and spatial utilization. However, the ranking stability of selected hybrid concepts under changes in criterion weights, score assumptions, and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) methods requires further examination. This study extends an existing two-stage concept-selection procedure by evaluating four shortlisted wave energy converter–hydrokinetic turbine configurations using stochastic weight-space sampling, criterion-wise weight sensitivity, cross-method consistency, and bounded score-perturbation analyses. A fixed normalized decision matrix is first evaluated using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method across three sets of 10,000 criterion-weight scenarios generated using normalized-uniform, Dirichlet α = 1, and Dirichlet α = 0.5 distributions. The same scenarios are then evaluated using the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), with ranking consistency quantified using Spearman’s rank correlation and complete-ranking agreement. Score sensitivity is subsequently examined through bounded one-point perturbations of the Stage 2 criterion scores, with SAW and TOPSIS recalculated under equal criterion weights to identify dominance-breaking and rank-reversal conditions. The oscillating water column–Savonius configuration, W1H3, remains first-ranked under all three sampled weight distributions because its normalized criterion scores are equal to or higher than those of every competing configuration across all five criteria. Criterion-wise sensitivity analysis shows that W1H3 is not outranked over the investigated weight range, although it ties with the point absorber–Savonius configuration, W2H3, when the full weight is assigned to mooring synergy or control compatibility. A crossover between W2H3 and the oscillating water column–hybrid Savonius–Darrieus configuration, W1H4, occurs at a co-location-feasibility weight of 0.384615. Across the three weight-sampling distributions, SAW and TOPSIS achieve complete-ranking agreement of 65.91–87.08%, with mean Spearman rank correlations of 0.9318–0.9742; the remaining differences are confined to the ordering of W2H3 and W1H4. Bounded score perturbations show that single one-point score change is sufficient to break the dominance of W1H3 over W2H3, whereas four changes are required for W2H3 to attain a unique first rank under both methods. The results demonstrate that W1H3 is rank-stable under the investigated weight and method variations for the adopted decision matrix, while the score-perturbation analysis identifies the bounded score changes under which the preferred ranking may change. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Fluid Mechanics: Research, Discovery and Applications)

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28 pages, 11189 KB

Open AccessArticle

A Study on the Inter-Medium Dynamic Response of a Deep-Sea Retrievable Umbilical–Payload System Under Wave–Ship Interaction

by Chuanyilang Zhu, Shengyi Yang, Yangrui Cheng, Jun Li, Jianeng Bian, Xin Huang and Xiang Zhu

Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(14), 7312; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16147312 - 21 Jul 2026

Viewed by 413

Abstract

This study examines the strongly nonlinear cross-media dynamics of a deep-sea umbilical cable–payload system during free-surface crossing under different sea states and lifting speeds. A two-dimensional time-domain lumped-mass model was established, in which the cable was discretized into node–axial elements. Morison-type hydrodynamic loading, added mass, and a continuous air–water parameter transition governed by an immersion factor were included for both the cable and the lower-end payload. To improve numerical robustness in long-duration simulations, a segmented ODE15s integration scheme was adopted, together with a smooth-start lifting–heave boundary condition and an adaptive lift-height correction procedure to ensure a stable cross-media response window. The results show a clear spatially segmented response: the upper cable remains nearly straight, whereas the middle and lower sections accommodate most of the lateral offset and curvature redistribution, which intensify under stronger environmental forcing. Top tension shows a gradually increasing mean component superimposed on quasi-periodic oscillations, while bottom tension, detrended vertical payload displacement, and vertical hydrodynamic force are more sensitive to sea-state severity and lifting speed. These results provide a comparative numerical basis for identifying response trends, screening lifting speed options, and interpreting cross-media load transfer mechanisms. Because the formulation is two-dimensional and has not yet been validated against model-scale or full-scale measurements, the results should not be interpreted as equipment-specific safety limits. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Fluid Mechanics: Research, Discovery and Applications)

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