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Applied Sciences
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Photodynamic Therapy for Oral Health
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Photodynamic Therapy for Oral Health

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Dentistry and Oral Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 2514

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Eugenia Anagnostaki

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
Interests: PBM-therapy; photobiomodulation; antimicrobial photodynamic therapy; aPDT; laser-assisted endodontics; laser-assisted dental bleaching
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Valina Mylona

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
Interests: laser dentistry; aPDT; photobiomodulation; aesthetic dentistry; restorative dentistry
Dr. Steven Parker

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
Interests: PBM-therapy; photobiomodulation; laser-soft tissue management; antimicrobial photodynamic therapy; aPDT; laser-tissue interaction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been suggested as a beneficial alternative method for the adjunctive treatment of all kinds of oral infections. The interest on this therapy has been rising during the last few decades, especially since the efficacy of antibiotics decreased due to their inappropriate use. Thus, new modalities to eradicate microorganisms and eliminate multidrug-resistance phenomena are evolving.

Despite the numerous in vitro and clinical studies, there is still no consensus regarding the ideal performance of this treatment. The multifactorial nature of its mechanism of action correlates with various influencing factors, involving parameters concerning both the photosensitizer and the light-delivery system.

This Special Issue will be dedicated to new approaches that shall maximize the beneficial effects of aPDT.

New photosensitizers and technologies will be examined and “shed light” to unexplored aspects of this treatment.

Dr. Eugenia Anagnostaki
Dr. Valina Mylona
Dr. Steven Parker
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 1628 KiB  
Article
Unleashing the Hidden Potential: The Dynamic Duo of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy and Photobiomodulation: A Spectrophotometric Study
by Valina Mylona, Eugenia Anagnostaki, Stylianos Petrakis, Kyriaki Kosma, Steven Parker, Mark Cronshaw, Nektarios Papadogiannis and Martin Grootveld
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(13), 7647; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13137647 - 28 Jun 2023
Viewed by 999
Abstract
Background: Despite intensive research, the ideal protocol applied to maximize the overall benefits of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) remains unexplored. Evidence exists that following aPDT, the diffused light beyond the photosensitizer can exert a secondary therapeutic effect known as photobiomodulation (PBM), which stimulates [...] Read more.
Background: Despite intensive research, the ideal protocol applied to maximize the overall benefits of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) remains unexplored. Evidence exists that following aPDT, the diffused light beyond the photosensitizer can exert a secondary therapeutic effect known as photobiomodulation (PBM), which stimulates the healing of the surrounding tissues. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the attenuation properties of five different photosensitizers activated by their corresponding laser wavelengths. Methods: The illumination of various concentrations of chosen photosensitizers, curcumin, methylene blue, toluidine blue, indocyanine green and a methylene blue derivative, irradiated by their respective laser wavelengths (445 nm, 635 nm, 660 nm and 808 nm) was explored via a spectrophotometric analysis. The onward transmitted light intensities for each combination of a photosensitizer and laser wavelength were assessed. The attenuation percentages observed were statistically evaluated using an analysis-of-variance (ANOVA) model. A Tukey’s post hoc test was performed to determine the significance of differences between individual group mean values. Results: With the exception of toluidine blue illuminated by an 808 nm laser, which showed the lowest intensity loss, all the other photosensitizers presented an attenuation range of 63% to 99%. Conclusions: At appropriate concentrations, all the examined photosensitizers may allow the passage of sufficient wavelength-dependent light transmission. Calculated fluences are proposed to achieve secondary, beneficial PBM effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photodynamic Therapy for Oral Health)
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10 pages, 979 KiB  
Article
Synergistic Antimicrobial Effect of Photodynamic Inactivation and SWEEPS in Combined Treatment against Enterococcus faecalis in a Root Canal Biofilm Model: An In Vitro Study
by Shima Afrasiabi, Steven Parker and Nasim Chiniforush
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(9), 5668; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095668 - 04 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1226
Abstract
Background: Persistent bacterial infections caused by biofilm-associated Enterococcus faecalis are a global public health concern. This study aims to compare the biofilm removal effects of methylene blue (MB) or hydrogen peroxide (HP) mediated photodynamic inactivation (PDI) with a shock wave enhanced emission photoacoustic [...] Read more.
Background: Persistent bacterial infections caused by biofilm-associated Enterococcus faecalis are a global public health concern. This study aims to compare the biofilm removal effects of methylene blue (MB) or hydrogen peroxide (HP) mediated photodynamic inactivation (PDI) with a shock wave enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS) method laser irradiation enhanced bactericidal activity. Methods: A total of fifty extracted single-rooted human teeth were used. Each canal was then inoculated with a bacterial suspension of E. faecalis and left for ten days to induce biofilm formation. The antibacterial effects within treated root canals using MB or HP + diode laser or SWEEPS alone or in combination were assessed and compared with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) as the positive control group. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: The MB + diode laser + SWEEPS and HP + diode laser + SWEEPS groups displayed significantly lower amounts of bacteria than either the MB + diode laser or SWEEPS and HP + diode laser or SWEEPS groups (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference detected between the diode laser and SWEEPS groups (p = 0.982). Conclusions: SWEEPS can enhance the photosensitizer distribution in the root canal, leading to effective biofilm removal. This technique could thus help promote the future development of endodontic treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photodynamic Therapy for Oral Health)
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