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Applied Computational Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics
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Applied Computational Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Mechanical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 March 2025 | Viewed by 4505

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Francesco Duronio

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Industrial Engineering, Information and Economics Department, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Interests: fluid mechanics; multiphase flow; compressible flow; applied fluid mechanics; OpenFOAM; fuel injection systems; bio-fluid dynamics
Prof. Dr. Angelo De Vita

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Industrial Engineering, Information and Economics Department, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
Interests: fluid machinery; thermodynamics; energy engineering

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the ever-evolving engineering landscape, new challenges must be met, and the combined application of numerical simulations plays a relevant role. High-performance computing and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) have the potential to strongly support the investigation of many engineering problems regarding fluid mechanics, transport phenomena, and thermodynamics.

In this context, the principal aim of this Special Issue is to collect the latest research regarding the development and validation of algorithms and computational methodologies of applied computational fluid dynamics and thermodynamics for the numerical simulation of complex engineering problems belonging to the fields of automotive engineering, aeronautics, aerospace, green technology, transportation, engineering design, energetic engineering, hydraulic engineering, etc.

All computational methods are acceptable (finite difference, finite volume, and spectral methods), as are commercial and open-source codes.

Dr. Francesco Duronio
Prof. Dr. Angelo De Vita
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • CFD
  • applied thermodynamics
  • applied fluid-dynamics

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 68513 KiB  
Article
Computational Evaluation of Turbulent Supersonic Jet Impinging on Inclined Plate
by Antonio Mezzacapo and Giuliano De Stefano
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(17), 7910; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14177910 - 5 Sep 2024
Viewed by 610
Abstract
A computational fluid dynamics investigation of a turbulent supersonic jet impacting a solid flat plate is conducted utilizing the OpenFOAM software. The research focuses on simulating the three-dimensional mean compressible flow for jet impingement on an inclined plate by analyzing the complex flow [...] Read more.
A computational fluid dynamics investigation of a turbulent supersonic jet impacting a solid flat plate is conducted utilizing the OpenFOAM software. The research focuses on simulating the three-dimensional mean compressible flow for jet impingement on an inclined plate by analyzing the complex flow field and the surface distribution of pressure. Various simulations are carried out at a jet Mach number of 2.2 maintaining a constant nozzle-to-plate distance while varying the angle of inclination of the plate. In contrast to earlier numerical studies, this work employs a modern turbulence modeling technique known as detached eddy simulation (DES), along with a traditional unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes model. Making a comparison with experimental findings, the current analysis reveals that both turbulence modeling techniques effectively predict the mean pressure distribution on the plate. However, the DES approach offers deeper insights into the turbulent flow field, showing notable consistency with the experiments. The complex compressible flow patterns are simulated with higher accuracy compared to the traditional approach. Enhanced turbulence resolution is attained by utilizing the same computational grid with a limited increase in computational complexity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Computational Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics)
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15 pages, 6892 KiB  
Article
Asymmetry Propagation in a Pipe Flow Downstream of a 90° Sharp Elbow Bend
by Blaž Mikuž, Klemen Cerkovnik and Iztok Tiselj
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(17), 7895; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14177895 - 5 Sep 2024
Viewed by 376
Abstract
Pipe bends disrupt the flow, resulting in an asymmetric velocity field across the pipe diameter (D). We examined the recovery length required for the flow to return to a symmetric velocity profile downstream of a sharp elbow. The wall-resolved Large Eddy Simulation (LES) [...] Read more.
Pipe bends disrupt the flow, resulting in an asymmetric velocity field across the pipe diameter (D). We examined the recovery length required for the flow to return to a symmetric velocity profile downstream of a sharp elbow. The wall-resolved Large Eddy Simulation (LES) approach was applied to reproduce turbulent fluid flow at Reynolds numbers (Re) of 5600 and 10,000. An additional case in the transitional laminar-turbulent-laminar regime was analyzed at Re=1400. This analysis explored the behavior of the Dean vortices downstream of the elbow and revealed that, in turbulent cases, these vortices reverse their vorticity direction in the region between 8 D and 10 D. However, they eventually decay in structure as far as 25 D from the elbow. Flow asymmetry was analyzed in a 100 D long pipe section downstream of the elbow using four different criteria: wall shear stress (WSS), streamwise velocity, its fluctuations, and vorticity fields. This study found that in turbulent flows, the distance required for flow recovery is a few tens of D and decreases with increasing Re. However, in the transitional case, the flow separation within the elbow induces instabilities that gradually diminish downstream, and flow asymmetry persists even longer than the 100 D length of our outlet pipe section. WSS proved sensitive for detecting asymmetry near walls, whereas flow profiles better revealed bulk asymmetry. It was also shown that asymmetry indicators derived from velocity fluctuations and vorticity were less sensitive than those obtained from streamwise velocity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Computational Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics)
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21 pages, 36487 KiB  
Article
A Parallel Algorithm Based on Regularized Lattice Boltzmann Method for Multi-Layer Grids
by Zhixiang Liu, Yunhao Zhao, Wenhao Zhu and Yang Wang
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(16), 6976; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14166976 - 8 Aug 2024
Viewed by 485
Abstract
The regularized lattice Boltzmann method (RLBM) is an improvement of the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). The advantage of RLBM is improved accuracy without increasing computational overheads. The paper introduces the method of multi-layer grids, the multi-layer grids have different resolutions which can accurately [...] Read more.
The regularized lattice Boltzmann method (RLBM) is an improvement of the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). The advantage of RLBM is improved accuracy without increasing computational overheads. The paper introduces the method of multi-layer grids, the multi-layer grids have different resolutions which can accurately solve problems in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) without destroying the parallelism of RLBM. Simulating fluid flow usually requires a large number of grid simulations. Therefore, it is necessary to design a parallel algorithm for RLBM based on multi-layer grids. In this paper, a load-balancing-based grid dividing algorithm and an MPI-based parallel algorithm for RLBM on multi-layer grids are proposed. The load balancing-based grid dividing algorithm ensures that the workload is evenly distributed across processes, minimizing the discrepancies in computational load. The MPI-based parallel algorithm for RLBM on multi-layer grids ensures accurate and efficient numerical simulation. Numerical simulations have verified that the proposed algorithms exhibit excellent performance in both 2D and 3D experiments, maintaining high stability and accuracy. The multi-layer grids method is significantly better than single-layer grids in terms of CPU runtime and number of grids required. Comparative analysis with the OpenMP multi-threading method on the multi-layer grid RLBM shows that the proposed algorithm in this paper achieves superior speedup and efficiency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Computational Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics)
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28 pages, 6171 KiB  
Article
Infinite Series Based on Bessel Zeros
by Kamil Urbanowicz
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(23), 12932; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132312932 - 3 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1077
Abstract
An interesting series based on Bessel function roots (zeros) is discussed and numerically analyzed. The novel-derived simplified general solutions are based on Lommel polynomials. This kind of series can have a large practical use in many scientific areas, such as solid mechanics, fluid [...] Read more.
An interesting series based on Bessel function roots (zeros) is discussed and numerically analyzed. The novel-derived simplified general solutions are based on Lommel polynomials. This kind of series can have a large practical use in many scientific areas, such as solid mechanics, fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, electronics, physics, etc. Some practical examples connected with fluid mechanics are provided in this paper. The errors in Afanasiev solutions are corrected. In addition, the main solution for the series analyzed by Baricz and Angel is presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Computational Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics)
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19 pages, 11116 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Insulation against Contact Heat and Radiant Heat of Composites with TiO2-ZrO2-Al and Parylene C Coatings Intended for Protective Gloves Supported by Computational Fluid Dynamics
by Pamela Miśkiewicz and Adam K. Puszkarz
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(22), 12420; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132212420 - 16 Nov 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1268
Abstract
This article concerns research on the use of two types of coatings (parylene C and TiO2-ZrO2-Al) in multilayer composites with potential use in metallurgical protective gloves to improve their insulation against contact heat and radiation heat. To evaluate the [...] Read more.
This article concerns research on the use of two types of coatings (parylene C and TiO2-ZrO2-Al) in multilayer composites with potential use in metallurgical protective gloves to improve their insulation against contact heat and radiation heat. To evaluate the thermal safety of the glove user, the composites were examined under the conditions of exposure to contact heat (using a heating cylinder, according to EN ISO 12127-1) and radiant heat (using a copper plate calorimeter, according to EN ISO 6942). Moreover, heat transfer through composites exposed to the heat of a hot plate was examined using thermography. The experimental studies were supported by heat transfer simulations through 3D models of composites. The contact heat method showed that composites achieved insulation against contact heat for both contact temperatures Tc, but composites with parylene C have a longer tt of 9 s (for Tc = 100 °C) and 7 s (250 °C) compared to composites with TiO2-ZrO2-Al. The radiant heat method showed that composites achieved the fourth (highest) level of RHTI24 under exposure to a radiant heat flux of 20 kW m−2. The modeling results showed that the parylene C coating increases the thermal barrier of the composite by approximately 10%, while the TiO2-ZrO2-Al coating increases it by 2%. The applied research techniques demonstrated the usefulness of using both types of coatings in the design of metallurgical protective gloves based on multilayer composites. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Computational Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: Effects of a Seagull Airfoil on the Aerodynamic Performance of a Small Wind Turbine
Author: Sesalim
Highlights: Wind turbine performance, airfoil design, biological inspiration, wind turbine simulation

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