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Applied Sciences
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Advanced Applications of Plasmas Technology in Materials and Diagnostics
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Advanced Applications of Plasmas Technology in Materials and Diagnostics

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Physics General".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2027 | Viewed by 5859

Editors

Dr. Sanda Pleslić

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Unska 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: atomic and nuclear physics; plasma technology; spectroscopy; material science
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Nadica Maltar-Strmečki

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institut Ruđer Bošković, Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: biophysics; food technology; food safety and control; non-thermal food processing; food characterization techniques; medical physics; material science

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plasma technology has various applications in materials science and diagnostics; for example, controlled plasma treatment can be used to alter and enhance the surface properties of materials or to create entirely new functionalities. Plasma-based techniques have become essential for the production of microelectronics and are used to synthesize various nanomaterials and thin films. The biomedical application of plasma technology is equally important, if not more so, especially in terms of microbiological inactivation, food quality preservation, the extraction of bioactive components in the food industry, and water purification. Plasma-based diagnostic techniques including plasma spectroscopy are used to analyze material composition, determine plasma parameters, for real-time monitoring and control, and for process optimization. Combining plasma technology with other technologies and diagnostic techniques can increase treatment efficacy and expand the field of applications.

The aim of this Special Issue is to gather together original research and review articles on the latest applications of plasma technology in materials science, diagnostics, monitoring, control, and optimization. Potential areas of interest include, but are not limited to, the following topics:

  • Material modification;
  • Applications in industry, agriculture, biomedicine, or food processing;
  • Experimental measurement;
  • Methods and diagnostic techniques for material composition analysis.

Dr. Sanda Pleslić
Dr. Nadica Maltar-Strmečki
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • plasma technology
  • plasma spectroscopy
  • plasma-based diagnostic techniques
  • plasma source characterization
  • plasma instrumental parameters and setups
  • plasma theory and modeling

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 1594 KB  
Article
Plasma-Assisted Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Tomato Peels and Sugar Beet Leaves Monitored by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
by Sanda Pleslić, Franka Markić, Tomislava Vukušić Pavičić, Višnja Stulić and Nadica Maltar-Strmečki
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(24), 13258; https://doi.org/10.3390/app152413258 - 18 Dec 2025
Viewed by 711
Abstract
Agricultural by-products, such as tomato peels and sugar beet leaves, represent valuable sources of bioactive compounds that can be efficiently recovered using advanced extraction techniques. This study investigated the efficiency of high-voltage electrical discharge (HVED) extraction of bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties from [...] Read more.
Agricultural by-products, such as tomato peels and sugar beet leaves, represent valuable sources of bioactive compounds that can be efficiently recovered using advanced extraction techniques. This study investigated the efficiency of high-voltage electrical discharge (HVED) extraction of bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties from tomato peel (TP) and sugar beet leaves (SBLs). The target compounds were total phenolic content (TPC), lycopene, β-carotene, and chlorophylls. HVED treatments of 1, 3, and 5 min were applied using 30% and 50% methanolic solutions. A 5 min treatment enhanced the extraction of lycopene (2.04 mg/100 mL) and β-carotene (1.14 mg/100 mL) in the 50% methanolic solution, while the shorter 3 min treatments increased TPC (0.117 mg GAE/mL in TP; 0.280 mg GAE/mL in SBLs) and chlorophyll content (25.47 mg/100 mL). For both TP and SBLs, the more concentrated methanolic solvent (50%) was more efficient in extracting bioactive components than the 30% solution. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy confirmed increases in antioxidant activity in all treated samples, with the highest values of 45.27% for TP and 53.16% for SBLs. As a direct and sensitive technique for detecting free-radical scavenging, EPR proved highly suitable for evaluating the impact of HVED treatments. Overall, HVED demonstrated strong potential as a green and effective method for enhancing the recovery of valuable bioactives and antioxidant properties from tomato and sugar beet by-products. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Applications of Plasmas Technology in Materials and Diagnostics)
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17 pages, 6831 KB  
Article
Impact of Molecular Reactive Gas Injection on Species Emitted at the Exit of a Tubular Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet Source
by Catalin Constantin, Marian Bazavan, Cristian Stancu, Bogdana Mitu and Gheorghe Dinescu
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(24), 13042; https://doi.org/10.3390/app152413042 - 11 Dec 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 768
Abstract
Control of reactive species generation lies at the core of atmospheric pressure plasma processing. In this work, we investigate the ability of a cold RF argon plasma jet source to produce reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) following the injection of a molecular [...] Read more.
Control of reactive species generation lies at the core of atmospheric pressure plasma processing. In this work, we investigate the ability of a cold RF argon plasma jet source to produce reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) following the injection of a molecular gas (N2 or O2), either premixed with the main gas (Ar) or introduced separately into an already generated Ar discharge. We show that, when reactive gases are injected directly into the Ar discharge, the range of operating parameters—particularly the ratio of reactive gas to main gas—is considerably widened compared to conventional injections through the main argon flow. The plasma characteristics at the source exit were analyzed using optical emission spectroscopy (OES), including the determination of electron density, rotational temperature, and the emission intensities of plasma species such as Ar I, NO(A), OH(A), and N2(C) for both injection types. Overall, the results show that plasmas generated using in-discharge injection are more stable and capable of sustaining enhanced production of reactive radicals such as NO(A) and OH(A), whereas injection through the main gas can be tuned to selectively enhance NO generation. These findings highlight the potential of plasma sources employing premixed or in-discharge reactive gas injection for surface treatment and for the processing of gas and liquid phases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Applications of Plasmas Technology in Materials and Diagnostics)
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Review

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18 pages, 1307 KB  
Review
Boosting Seed Performance with Cold Plasma
by Mohamed Ali Benabderrahim, Imen Bettaieb and Mokhtar Rejili
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(20), 10996; https://doi.org/10.3390/app152010996 - 13 Oct 2025
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3852
Abstract
In 2015, the global community set 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with the second goal aiming to end hunger by 2030. In sustainable agriculture, seed treatment plays a crucial role and cold plasma (CP) has emerged as a promising, eco-friendly technology for improving [...] Read more.
In 2015, the global community set 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with the second goal aiming to end hunger by 2030. In sustainable agriculture, seed treatment plays a crucial role and cold plasma (CP) has emerged as a promising, eco-friendly technology for improving seed performance. This review highlights CP as an innovative seed treatment method with significant potential to enhance seed vigor, germination, and crop yield, particularly under stress conditions such as drought, salinity, and biotic challenges. CP works by generating reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), which modulate key biochemical and physiological responses in seeds. These responses include improvements in water uptake, enhanced germination rates, and better stress tolerance. Moreover, CP exhibits strong antimicrobial properties, making it a chemical-free alternative for seed decontamination. Despite these benefits, the application of CP in large-scale agriculture faces several challenges. Also, this review critically examines the limitations of CP treatment, including the lack of standardized protocols and insufficient field validation. Additionally, it compares CP treatment with conventional chemical and microbial methods, offering insights into its potential advantages and remaining obstacles. This emerging technology holds promise for enhancing crop productivity while minimizing environmental impact, but further research and validation are essential for its broader adoption in sustainable agricultural practices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Applications of Plasmas Technology in Materials and Diagnostics)
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