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Tuberculosis—a Millennial Disease in the Age of New Technologies

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2025) | Viewed by 1253

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Cardiothoracic Department, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
2. Pneumology Department, Marius Nasta Institute of Pneumology, 050159 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: respiratory diseases; tuberculosis; air pollution

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Guest Editor
1. Pneumology Department, Marius Nasta Institute of Pneumology, 050159 Bucharest, Romania
2. Phisiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 0400511 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: tuberculosis; sleep apnea; respiratory disease

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

New technologies significantly change the approach to airborne diseases, which over time have posed real macro-management challenges. Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the diseases responsible for the largest number of deaths caused by communicable diseases globally, requiring special attention from us, those who care for patients with tuberculosis.

This Special Issue aims to explore the role of new technologies in epidemiological surveillance, in the diagnosis of TB, and also in increasing patient adherence to treatment. We invite original research articles, reviews, and meta-analyses that analyze the prevalence as well as incidence rates of TB, identify environmental and behavioral risk factors, and examine the impact of technology on the medical surveillance of patients with TB. Studies on the effectiveness of public health interventions, disease management programs, and health policy implications are also welcome.

Understanding the epidemiology and associated factors of TB is crucial for the development of prevention strategies aimed especially at vulnerable groups, the improvement of early diagnosis, and the optimization of treatment protocols. This Special Issue aims to gather comprehensive evidence to inform clinical practice and public health policies, ultimately aiming to reduce the burden of TB and improve quality of life by reducing the stigma of those affected.

Dr. Beatrice Mahler
Dr. Ioana Munteanu
Dr. José Antonio Canas
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • tuberculosis
  • public health intervention
  • technology
  • AI
  • diagnosis
  • treatment

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 256 KiB  
Article
Epidemiological Insights and Diagnostic Strategies of Extrarespiratory Tuberculosis: A Five-Year Retrospective Study in Clinic of Pneumology, Târgu Mureș
by Gabriela Jimborean, Edith-Simona Ianoși, Dragoș Huțanu, Hédi-Katalin Sárközi, Mara Andreea Vultur, Maria Beatrice Ianosi and Alpár Csipor-Fodor
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(23), 11259; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142311259 - 3 Dec 2024
Viewed by 836
Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis remains one of the biggest global public health problems today. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic methods, clinical outcomes, patient compliance, and mortality rates in patients diagnosed with extrarespiratory tuberculosis. Methods: 105 cases of extrarespiratory tuberculosis were [...] Read more.
Background: Tuberculosis remains one of the biggest global public health problems today. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic methods, clinical outcomes, patient compliance, and mortality rates in patients diagnosed with extrarespiratory tuberculosis. Methods: 105 cases of extrarespiratory tuberculosis were analyzed over a five-year period (2018–2023). Data from medical records were reviewed and processed. Diagnostic methods included Ziehl–Nielsen staining, Löwenstein–Jensen cultures, GeneXpert, and histopathological analysis. Diagnosis was supplemented by a specialist organ examination and, in cases with concurrent pulmonary involvement, by a chest X-ray and sputum examination. For negative cases, a probabilistic diagnosis was made. Results: Most patients presented pleural TB (38%), osteo-articular TB (26.67%), and ganglionary TB (19%). Patients were mostly men (56.19%), in the 18–40 years-old category (40%), and lived in rural areas (61%). In total, 94.29% were newly diagnosed and most observed comorbidites were chronic smoking (11.37%), chronic lung diseases (10.20%), and malnutrition (9.02%). Moreover, 68% had a negative microscopic examination, while 55% had negative cultures on Löwenstein–Jensen. Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of a multi-modal approach to diagnosing extrarespiratory tuberculosis, especially in negative bacteriological and histopathological results. Imaging, combined with clinical and epidemiological data, is critical for a probabilistic diagnosis. GeneXpert proved useful in difficult cases. This study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive diagnostic strategy to effectively manage extrarespiratory tuberculosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tuberculosis—a Millennial Disease in the Age of New Technologies)
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