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Applied Sciences
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Compressive Strength, Impact Damage and Crushing Behavior of Materials
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Compressive Strength, Impact Damage and Crushing Behavior of Materials

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 January 2026 | Viewed by 1436

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Maria Pia Falaschetti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. MaSTeR Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering (DIN), University of Bologna, Via Fontanelle 40, 47121 Forli, FC, Italy
2. CIRI Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Aerospace, CIRI-Aero, University of Bologna, Via Baldassarre Carnaccini 12, 47121 Forli, FC, Italy
Interests: fatigue; impact; crashworthiness behaviour of composite materials
Dr. Enrico Troiani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Fontanelle 40, 47121 Forlì, FC, Italy
Interests: fatigue and damage tolerance; crashworthiness; composite materials; light alloys; laser shock peening; structural health monitoring
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue seeks to assemble original research and in-depth review articles focused on the compressive strength, impact damage, and crushing behaviour of materials across diverse scales and applications. In contemporary engineering, materials are often driven to their performance thresholds in contexts such as aerospace and automotive components, civil infrastructure, and defence systems. Therefore, gaining a comprehensive understanding of their behaviour under extreme loading conditions is essential for ensuring safety, optimising performance, and enhancing design strategies.

We invite contributions that focus on the mechanical response of traditional and advanced materials under high-strain-rate loading, quasi-static compression, and impact/crushing scenarios. Emphasis is placed on experimental investigations, theoretical modelling, and numerical simulations that provide insight into failure mechanisms, energy absorption, post-failure behaviour, and microstructural effects.

Research areas may include, but are not limited to, the following:

  1. Energy absorption and crashworthiness of structural components.
  2. Compressive strength of metals, polymers, ceramics, composites, and bio-inspired materials.
  3. Damage evolution under dynamic and quasi-static compression.
  4. Multi-scale and multi-physics modelling of crushing and impact response.
  5. Influence of material architecture (e.g., cellular, lattice, or graded structures) on crushing performance.
  6. Novel materials and design strategies for improved impact resistance.
  7. High-speed imaging, digital image correlation, and other advanced diagnostics in impact testing.
  8. Effects of temperature, strain rate, and environment on compressive failure behaviour.
  9. Applications in aerospace, automotive and protective structures, and biomechanics.

Dr. Maria Pia Falaschetti
Dr. Enrico Troiani
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • crashworthiness
  • impact damage
  • compressive strength
  • experimental tests
  • numerical simulations

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 4180 KB  
Article
Finite Element Modeling and Analysis for Creep Buckling of a Cylindrical Shell Subjected External Lateral Pressure with Local Wall Thinning
by Zekai Chen, Hongbo Wu, Yuanbiao Pan, Chen Zhao, Linghui He and Jie Zhang
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(18), 10005; https://doi.org/10.3390/app151810005 - 12 Sep 2025
Viewed by 147
Abstract
The corrosion, erosion, or worn defects on cylindrical shells often lead to localized wall thinning. The influence of the local wall-thinning defects on the creep buckling behavior of the cylindrical shells serving in high-temperature environments with high pressure is studied. A finite element [...] Read more.
The corrosion, erosion, or worn defects on cylindrical shells often lead to localized wall thinning. The influence of the local wall-thinning defects on the creep buckling behavior of the cylindrical shells serving in high-temperature environments with high pressure is studied. A finite element model is developed for a Zircaloy cylindrical shell with two kinds of geometrical imperfections, including initial ovality and local wall thinning, which are the representations of the global and local geometric imperfections, respectively. Their influence on the creep buckling modes and the critical buckling time is investigated through the creep buckling analysis. It is revealed that the buckling modes are dominated by the ovality deformation in a wide range of defect widths, whether the initial ovality appears or not. The local thinning defects significantly reduce the critical buckling time of the cylindrical shells with initial ovality, where a 30% reduction was observed even with a small local defect, highlighting the need for careful consideration in practical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Compressive Strength, Impact Damage and Crushing Behavior of Materials)
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20 pages, 4530 KB  
Article
Modelling and Validation of Progressive Damage in Hybrid CFRP–Elastomer Laminates Under Quasi-Static Indentation Loading
by Luca Raimondi, Leonardo Salvi, Francesco Semprucci and Maria Pia Falaschetti
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(17), 9284; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15179284 - 24 Aug 2025
Viewed by 534
Abstract
Composite materials are increasingly used in industrial applications, particularly in the aeronautic sector. However, their susceptibility to impact damage remains a critical concern, making damage tolerance a key focus for design and manufacturing. One approach to improving damage tolerance involves interleaving elastomeric films [...] Read more.
Composite materials are increasingly used in industrial applications, particularly in the aeronautic sector. However, their susceptibility to impact damage remains a critical concern, making damage tolerance a key focus for design and manufacturing. One approach to improving damage tolerance involves interleaving elastomeric films within polymeric composites, though this introduces experimental and numerical complexities. In particular, numerical simulations require reliable modelling techniques to predict the structural effects of hybridisation. This paper tested two different stacking sequences, differing in the number and placement of the elastomeric layers, under quasi-static indentation conditions. A numerical analysis was carried out using two distinct formulations of Hashin’s failure criteria and a continuum damage model, implemented through specifically developed User Material Subroutines. The experimental and numerical results were then compared, and the advantages and drawbacks of each modelling technique were discussed and compared. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Compressive Strength, Impact Damage and Crushing Behavior of Materials)
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Review

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28 pages, 4386 KB  
Review
Sustainable Shell Structures: A Bibliometric and Critical Review of Buckling Behavior and Material-Efficient Design Strategies
by Cristina Veres and Maria Tănase
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(17), 9394; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15179394 - 27 Aug 2025
Viewed by 494
Abstract
Sustainable shell structures are thin, curved systems such as domes, vaults, and cylindrical shells that achieve strength and stability primarily through membrane action, allowing significant material savings. Their sustainability lies in minimizing embodied energy and CO2 emissions by using less material, integrating [...] Read more.
Sustainable shell structures are thin, curved systems such as domes, vaults, and cylindrical shells that achieve strength and stability primarily through membrane action, allowing significant material savings. Their sustainability lies in minimizing embodied energy and CO2 emissions by using less material, integrating recycled or bio-based components, and applying optimization strategies to extend service life and enable reuse or recycling, all while maintaining structural performance and architectural quality. This review critically examines the state-of-the-art in sustainable shell structures, focusing on their buckling behavior and material-efficient design strategies. Integrating bibliometric analysis with thematic synthesis, the study identifies key research trends, theoretical advancements, and optimization tools that support structural efficiency. Emphasis is placed on recent developments in composite and bio-based materials, imperfection-sensitive buckling models, and performance-based design approaches. Advanced computational methods, including finite element analysis, machine learning, and digital twins, are highlighted as critical in enhancing predictive accuracy and sustainability outcomes. The findings underscore the dual challenge of achieving both structural stability and environmental responsibility, while outlining research gaps and future directions toward resilient, low-impact shell construction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Compressive Strength, Impact Damage and Crushing Behavior of Materials)
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