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Advances in Oral Rehabilitation: Materials, Techniques and Clinical Applications: 2nd Edition

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 November 2025 | Viewed by 4730

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jaime Portugal

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: oral rehabilitation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Cristina Bettencourt Neves

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Biomedical and Oral Sciences Research Unit (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: oral rehabilitation; smart dentistry; CAD-CAM technology; oral biodegradation; drug delivery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, oral rehabilitation has witnessed significant advancements in material, technical and technological aspects. These remarkable achievements have led to numerous benefits, such as enhanced diagnostic accuracy, precise treatment planning, an improved predictability and longevity of rehabilitation treatments, increased safety and efficiency of procedures, and the overall enhancement of the patient experience and acceptance. Given the rapid pace of these advancements, it is important to publish a Special Issue that aims to keep researchers informed about the latest breakthroughs in the field of dentistry. The topics covered in this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, new developments in endodontic and restorative materials, such as bioactive systems, CAD-CAM technology, artificial intelligence in dentistry and its clinical applications. We strongly encourage the submission of translational research in the dentistry area. Original studies describing novel therapeutic approaches or materials and reviews on the above topics are welcome.

Dr. Jaime Portugal
Dr. Cristina Bettencourt Neves
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oral rehabilitation
  • oral bioactive systems
  • smart dentistry
  • CAD-CAM technology
  • digital dentistry
  • dental imaging
  • 3D printing
  • artificial intelligence
  • oral biomaterials

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 2462 KB  
Article
Effect of Denture Adhesives on the Surface Roughness and Hardness of Denture Base Resins—A Preliminary Study
by Guilherme Bezerra Alves, Maria Margarida Sampaio-Fernandes, Carlos Fernandes, Francisco Góis, Bruno Graça, Estevam Bonfante and Maria Helena Figueiral
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(19), 10749; https://doi.org/10.3390/app151910749 - 6 Oct 2025
Viewed by 180
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of different adhesive solutions on the surface roughness and hardness of denture base materials. Twenty specimens (20 × 20 × 5 mm) were produced for each material group: heat-cured ProBase Hot®, 3D-printed NextDent Denture [...] Read more.
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of different adhesive solutions on the surface roughness and hardness of denture base materials. Twenty specimens (20 × 20 × 5 mm) were produced for each material group: heat-cured ProBase Hot®, 3D-printed NextDent Denture 3D+®, and PMMA-milled Exaktus®. They were then divided into five solution subgroups (n = 4): control (T0), distilled water, Corega PowerMax®, Elgydium Fix®, and Kukident Pro Ultimate®. Specimens were immersed in the solution at 37 °C daily for 28 days, simulating continuous use. Profilometry and Shore D hardness tests were performed at baseline and after 28 days of the immersion protocol. Data analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics 30.0, considering a confidence level of 0.05. At baseline, the materials differed in surface roughness and Shore D hardness, with the 3D-printed group showing the highest median values for the Rz parameter (p = 0.023) and the lowest for hardness (p = 0.023). Elgydium Fix had a significant effect on the heat-cured resin, with increased Rz and decreased hardness. Kukident caused higher roughness and lower hardness in the 3D-printed and milled resins (not significant). Corega showed minor effects in all tested materials. In conclusion, the denture base material and the adhesive formulation influence the physical and mechanical properties of denture base resins. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Oral Rehabilitation: Materials, Techniques and Clinical Applications: 2nd Edition)
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11 pages, 960 KB  
Article
Influence of the Milling Cutter Drill on Implant Placement Accuracy in Partially Guided Surgery: An In Vitro Experimental Study
by Ana Raquel Ferreira, Catarina Mendes Fonseca, André Correia and Patrícia Fonseca
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(14), 7826; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15147826 - 12 Jul 2025
Viewed by 520
Abstract
Partially guided implant surgery has emerged as a technique that enhances the precision of implant placement while maintaining surgical flexibility. This in vitro experimental study evaluated the influence of the milling cutter drill on the angular and linear deviations of implant placement in [...] Read more.
Partially guided implant surgery has emerged as a technique that enhances the precision of implant placement while maintaining surgical flexibility. This in vitro experimental study evaluated the influence of the milling cutter drill on the angular and linear deviations of implant placement in synthetic polyurethane bone models using a partially guided surgical protocol. Additionally, the effects of bone density and implant macrogeometry were assessed. A total of 120 Straumann® implants (BL, BLT, and BLX) were placed in polyurethane blocks simulating four bone densities (D1–D4). Implant positions were virtually planned with coDiagnostiX® (version 10.9) software and executed with or without the use of the milling cutter drill. Deviations between planned and final implant positions were measured at the neck and apex using the software’s “Treatment Evaluation” tool. The use of the milling cutter drill significantly reduced angular deviation (p = 0.007), while linear deviations showed no statistically significant differences. Bone density and implant macrogeometry did not significantly affect angular deviation but influenced linear and 3D deviations. Given that angular deviation may compromise prosthetic fit and biomechanical function, the observed reduction is of potential clinical relevance. These findings indicate that the milling cutter drill enhances angular accuracy in partially guided implant surgery and may improve outcomes in anatomically challenging cases. However, the results should be interpreted within the limitations of this in vitro model, including the absence of soft tissue simulation, intraoral constraints, and inter-operator variability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Oral Rehabilitation: Materials, Techniques and Clinical Applications: 2nd Edition)
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11 pages, 1776 KB  
Article
Preclinical Performance of Customized Polycaprolactone-Based Hybrid Bone Grafts
by Ildefonso Serrano-Belmonte, Javier Montero, Ángel Román-Maciá, Virginia Pérez-Fernández, Luis M. Rodríguez-Lorenzo, Nieves Cubo-Mateo, Angélica Lara-Nuñez and Ascensión Martínez-Cánovas
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(13), 7540; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137540 - 4 Jul 2025
Viewed by 722
Abstract
(1) Introduction: Polycaprolactone (PCL) materials have been developed with components that promote bone growth. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the biocompatibility and cytotoxic effects that different combinations of PCL with nanohydroxyapatite and strontium could produce on periodontal ligament stem [...] Read more.
(1) Introduction: Polycaprolactone (PCL) materials have been developed with components that promote bone growth. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the biocompatibility and cytotoxic effects that different combinations of PCL with nanohydroxyapatite and strontium could produce on periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC). (2) Materials and Methods: PDLSCs were seeded in six 96-well plates. Three plates were used for the MTT test, and three were used for the Hoechst 33342 test. In each of the plates, three samples of different concentrations of PCL were introduced (PCL 100%, PCL 95% combined with nanohydroxyapatite functionalized with strontium, and PCL 90% with nanohydroxyapatite). Apoptosis was analyzed using Hoechst and cell viability combined with MTT at 24, 48, and 72 h. (3) Results: No statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between the different concentrations of PCL or regarding the duration for which the cells were subjected to elution. (4) Conclusions: Pure PCL and both PCL combined with nanohydroxyapatite/strontium and nanohydroxyapatite are biocompatible materials, and there are no significant differences between them after apoptosis and in cell viability assays. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Oral Rehabilitation: Materials, Techniques and Clinical Applications: 2nd Edition)
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18 pages, 14835 KB  
Article
Influence of Food Pigments and Thermal Aging on the Color Stability of Denture Base Resins
by Beatriz Costa, Cristina Bettencourt Neves, João Carlos Roque, Vitor Anes and Virgínia Santos
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(3), 1503; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031503 - 1 Feb 2025
Viewed by 1757
Abstract
Color stability of acrylic resins is essential for preserving the aesthetic appearance of denture bases over time. This study explores how food pigments and thermal changes affect the color stability of commonly used denture base resins. Four acrylic resins were tested: three heat-cured [...] Read more.
Color stability of acrylic resins is essential for preserving the aesthetic appearance of denture bases over time. This study explores how food pigments and thermal changes affect the color stability of commonly used denture base resins. Four acrylic resins were tested: three heat-cured acrylic resins with different characteristics (Zhermack® Villacryl H Plus V2, H Plus V4, and H Rapid FN V4) and one self-cured acrylic resin (Zhermack® Villacryl S V4). To simulate the oral environment, the resins underwent 1000 thermal cycles between 5 °C and 55 °C, followed by a 7-day immersion period in beverages such as coffee, red wine, a caramel-colored soft drink (cola), and distilled water (control), forming sixteen group of specimens (n = 5). Color changes (∆E) were measured using the VITA Easyshade V® spectrophotometer, following the CIEDE2000 standard. The findings revealed that thermal aging caused noticeable color changes in all resins (p < 0.001). Red wine led to the most intense discoloration, followed by coffee. The caramel-colored soft drink caused moderate staining, while distilled water had a negligible effect. The type of polymerization did not affect the degree of discoloration, as no significant differences were found between the resins after exposure to beverages (p > 0.05). Overall, this study highlights how both internal and external factors impact the appearance of acrylic resins. Thermal aging can accelerate polymer degradation, while pigments in beverages cause visible staining. Among the tested beverages, red wine proved to be the most aggressive due to its high pigment concentration and low pH. These findings emphasize the need for improved material formulations to enhance the longevity and aesthetic performance of dentures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Oral Rehabilitation: Materials, Techniques and Clinical Applications: 2nd Edition)
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11 pages, 2322 KB  
Article
Comparative Analysis of Mechanized Versus Conventional Polishing Protocols for Denture Base Acrylic Resins
by Margarida Martins Quezada, Carlos Fernandes, Javier Montero, André Correia and Patrícia Fonseca
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(2), 605; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15020605 - 9 Jan 2025
Viewed by 1056
Abstract
Surface roughness is primarily determined by the inherent characteristics of a material, the specific polishing protocol and the manual operator’s dexterity. This research intends to conduct a comparative analysis between a conventional and mechanized polishing protocol concerning surface roughness and its impact on [...] Read more.
Surface roughness is primarily determined by the inherent characteristics of a material, the specific polishing protocol and the manual operator’s dexterity. This research intends to conduct a comparative analysis between a conventional and mechanized polishing protocol concerning surface roughness and its impact on surface topography. Thirty samples were included in this in vitro study: six samples for each type of acrylic resin. All specimens underwent a polishing protocol by a conventional method and a mechanized approach with a controlled polishing tool (CPT). Profilometric measures were extracted: arithmetic mean height (Pa), skewness (Psk) and kurtosis (Pku). The Pa values acquired through both the mechanized and conventional polishing techniques are significantly lower compared to the control group. The mechanized polishing notably yielded higher roughness compared to the control group. Relatively consistent skewness and lower-to-moderate values of kurtosis were found across resin types. Differences in the dispersion and pattern for Pa were not detected between the polishing protocols. The CPT protocol reliably maintains consistent skewness and kurtosis values. The conventional protocol remains significant due to the variations observed in the Pa values obtained. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Oral Rehabilitation: Materials, Techniques and Clinical Applications: 2nd Edition)
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