Exploring the Role of Polyphenols in Oxidative Stress and Cellular Protection

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 January 2026 | Viewed by 1200

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Veterinary School, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain
Interests: cellular aging and nutrition; polyphenols; diet; redox modulation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Polyphenols, a diverse group of naturally occurring plant compounds, are well known for their antioxidant properties. While they have been widely studied for their potential health benefits, recent research has increasingly focused on their molecular mechanisms, their effects on cellular processes, and their broader applications in science and industry. Polyphenols play a critical role in managing oxidative stress, a key factor in the development of various diseases and cellular dysfunctions; however, the complexity of their biological interactions remains a topic of ongoing debate, underscoring the need for further exploration.

This Special Issue aims to provide a more focused exploration of polyphenols, particularly in relation to their roles in oxidative stress modulation and cellular protection. Rather than emphasizing health benefits alone, this Special Issue will concentrate on the biochemical mechanisms that underpin polyphenol activity, as well as their broader applications beyond health promotion.

Topics covered in this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Molecular mechanisms of polyphenols in oxidative stress regulation.
  • Polyphenols' effects on cellular signaling and metabolic pathways.
  • Contributions of polyphenols in modulating enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems.
  • Innovative methods for assessing polyphenol bioactivity.
  • Applications of polyphenols in food preservation, cosmetics, and material science.

We invite researchers to contribute pioneering studies and comprehensive reviews that expand our understanding of polyphenols’ complex biological roles in oxidative stress and cellular protection.

Dr. Lucia Gimeno-Mallench
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • polyphenol
  • oxidative stress
  • cellular signaling
  • metabolic pathways

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

27 pages, 3430 KB  
Article
Systematic Characterization of Antioxidant Shielding Capacity Against Oxidative Stress of Aerial Part Extracts of Anacardium occidentale
by Alejandro Ponce-Mora, Lucia Gimeno-Mallench, José Luis Lavandera, Ryland T. Giebelhaus, Alicia Domenech-Bendaña, Antonella Locascio, Irene Gutierrez-Rojas, Salvatore Sauro, Paulina de la Mata, Seo Lin Nam, Vanessa Méril-Mamert, Muriel Sylvestre, James J. Harynuk, Gerardo Cebrián-Torrejón and Eloy Bejarano
Antioxidants 2025, 14(8), 935; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14080935 - 30 Jul 2025
Viewed by 835
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a biological imbalance that contributes to cellular damage and is a major driver of aging and age-related disorders, prompting the search for natural antioxidant agents. Our study is a phytochemical, electrochemical, and biological characterization of the antioxidant potential of aqueous [...] Read more.
Oxidative stress is a biological imbalance that contributes to cellular damage and is a major driver of aging and age-related disorders, prompting the search for natural antioxidant agents. Our study is a phytochemical, electrochemical, and biological characterization of the antioxidant potential of aqueous extracts from aerial parts of A. occidentale—leaves, bark, fruit, and cashew nuts—traditionally used in folklore medicine. Extracts were analyzed using FT-IR spectroscopy, GC × GC-TOFMS, polyphenol quantification, and antioxidant capacity assays (ABTS, FRAP, DPPH). Biological activity was tested in different mice and human cell lines (SH-SY5Y, MEF, ARPE-19, and HLECs). Aqueous extracts from the leaves and bark of A. occidentale exhibited significantly higher antioxidant activity compared to those from the fruit and cashew nut. These extracts showed elevated polyphenol content and strong performance in antioxidant capacity assays. In vitro, leaf and bark extracts enhanced cell viability under H2O2-induced oxidative stress, preserved mitochondrial membrane potential, and upregulated cytoprotective genes (HMOX1, NQO1, GCLC, and GCLM) in multiple cell lines. In contrast, fruit and nut extracts showed minimal antioxidant activity and no significant gene modulation. Our findings underscore the therapeutic potential of A. occidentale leaf and bark extracts as effective natural antioxidants and support their further development as candidates for phytotherapeutic interventions. Full article
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