Radioprotective Effects of Antioxidants

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 2893

Special Issue Editors

Dalton Cumbrian Facility, The University of Manchester, Westlakes Science and Technology Park, Moor Row, Cumbria CA24 3HA, UK
Interests: principal research interests involve free radical research in radiation and photochemistry, in particular, studying the spectroscopy and kinetics of free radicals and excited states in chemistry, biology and medicine; main area of interest is the radical and excited state mechanisms of dietary carotenoids and other antioxidants, in order to understand the photo and radio protective properties of the carotenoids and gain insights into how these compounds affect the progress of a wide range of diseases; other interests include the damage radicals inflict on the basic biological building blocks of proteins, DNA and RNA and how antioxidants can inhibit this damage
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
Interests: carcinogenic effects of UV on skin with particular emphasis on dietary and antioxidant prevention of carcinogenic expression; dietary interests have included dietary fats, particularly the level of dietary polyunsaturated fats, and omega-3 fatty acids on UV-carcinogenesis; preventive effects of antioxidants have included phenols and carotenoids; recent interests have turned to the role of reactive oxygen species in the aetiology of diabetes and the link to cancer

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
Interests: molecular mechanisms associated with effects of ionizing UV and high energy radiation with particular interest in dietary carotenoids; treatment of neonatal jaundice, psoriasis, sun-induced skin damage and hair damage; role of xanthophylls in age-related macular degradation, and melanogenesis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Radiation exposure can cause a range of symptoms in humans, ranging from skin and eye damage to birth defects, infertility and cancer. Both ionizing and non-ionizing radiation can cause this damage and such damage, especially for skin, can range from cancer to cosmetic effects. This Special Issue, titled ‘Radioprotective Effects of Antioxidants’, invites you to submit novel research or reviews on antioxidant protection of damage caused by ionising and/or non-ionising radiation.  Examples of topics to be covered include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Antioxidants acting as sunscreens for UV radiation (including commercial products), e.g., photochemical studies of commercial sunscreens (UVA and UVB absorbers) as well as carotenoids or other antioxidants and their UV degradation in normal use.
  • Antioxidants as eye protectors, e.g., against blue light damage or preventing cataract.
  • Antioxidants as radioprotectors for both medical exposures to ionizing radiation (such as X-rays or during cancer therapy).
  • Antioxidants as radioprotectors for the acute effects of high ionizing radiation exposure during accidents.

A range of study types are also welcome, including: 

  • Photochemical and photophysical studies on the mechanisms of protection, such as reactions with radicals and other reactive oxygen species (ROS).
  • In vitro or ex vivo cell studies of radioprotection.
  • Model animal studies on radioprotection by antioxidants.
  • Human epidemiological or intervention trials on the clinical outcomes of specific antioxidants, or antioxidant rich foods as radiation protectants.

The aim of this Special Issue, ‘Radioprotective Effects of Antioxidants’, is to supply an overview of the current knowledge in this field through the publication of original articles or short communications, as well as reviews.

Dr. Ruth Edge
Prof. Dr. Homer S. Black
Prof. Dr. George Truscott
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • radiation protection
  • ionizing radiation
  • photoprotection
  • ultraviolet (UV)
  • vitamins
  • phytochemicals
  • sunscreens

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • e-Book format: Special Issues with more than 10 articles can be published as dedicated e-books, ensuring wide and rapid dissemination.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

22 pages, 8501 KiB  
Article
Antioxidants Hydroxytyrosol and Thioredoxin-Mimetic Peptide CB3 Protect Irradiated Normal Tissue Cells
by Katrin Borrmann, Fabian Martin Troschel, Kathrin Annemarie Brücksken, Nancy Adriana Espinoza-Sánchez, Maryam Rezaei, Kai Moritz Eder, Björn Kemper, Hans Theodor Eich and Burkhard Greve
Antioxidants 2024, 13(8), 961; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13080961 - 7 Aug 2024
Viewed by 716
Abstract
Reducing side effects in non-cancerous tissue is a key aim of modern radiotherapy. Here, we assessed whether the use of the antioxidants hydroxytyrosol (HT) and thioredoxin-mimetic peptide CB3 (TMP) attenuated radiation-induced normal tissue toxicity in vitro. We used primary human umbilical vein endothelial [...] Read more.
Reducing side effects in non-cancerous tissue is a key aim of modern radiotherapy. Here, we assessed whether the use of the antioxidants hydroxytyrosol (HT) and thioredoxin-mimetic peptide CB3 (TMP) attenuated radiation-induced normal tissue toxicity in vitro. We used primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT) as normal tissue models. Cells were treated with HT and TMP 24 h or immediately prior to irradiation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed via luminescent- and fluorescence-based assays, migration was investigated using digital holographic microscopy, and clonogenic survival was quantified by colony formation assays. Angiogenesis and wound healing were evaluated via time-dependent microscopy. Secreted cytokines were validated in quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) studies. Treatment with HT or TMP was well tolerated by cells. The application of either antioxidant before irradiation resulted in reduced ROS formation and a distinct decrease in cytokines compared to similarly irradiated, but otherwise untreated, controls. Antioxidant treatment also increased post-radiogenic migration and angiogenesis while accelerating wound healing. HT or TMP treatment immediately before radiotherapy increased clonogenic survival after radiotherapy, while treatment 24 h before radiotherapy enhanced baseline proliferation. Both antioxidants may decrease radiation-induced normal tissue toxicity and deserve further pre-clinical investigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radioprotective Effects of Antioxidants)
Show Figures

Graphical abstract

16 pages, 3666 KiB  
Article
Superoxide Dismutase Mimetic Avasopasem Manganese Enhances Radiation Therapy Effectiveness in Soft Tissue Sarcomas and Accelerates Wound Healing
by Amira Zaher, Kranti A. Mapuskar, Michael S. Petronek, Munir R. Tanas, Alexandra L. Isaacson, Rebecca D. Dodd, Mohammed Milhem, Muhammad Furqan, Douglas R. Spitz, Benjamin J. Miller, Robert A. Beardsley and Bryan G. Allen
Antioxidants 2024, 13(5), 587; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13050587 - 10 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1604
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are mesenchymal malignant lesions that develop in soft tissues. Despite current treatments, including radiation therapy (RT) and surgery, STSs can be associated with poor patient outcomes and metastatic recurrences. Neoadjuvant radiation therapy (nRT), while effective, is often accompanied by [...] Read more.
Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are mesenchymal malignant lesions that develop in soft tissues. Despite current treatments, including radiation therapy (RT) and surgery, STSs can be associated with poor patient outcomes and metastatic recurrences. Neoadjuvant radiation therapy (nRT), while effective, is often accompanied by severe postoperative wound healing complications due to damage to the surrounding normal tissues. Thus, there is a need to develop therapeutic approaches to reduce nRT toxicities. Avasopasem manganese (AVA) is a selective superoxide dismutase mimetic that protects against IR-induced oral mucositis and lung fibrosis. We tested the efficacy of AVA in enhancing RT in STSs and in promoting wound healing. Using colony formation assays and alkaline comet assays, we report that AVA selectively enhanced the STS (liposarcoma, fibrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and MPNST) cellular response to radiation compared to normal dermal fibroblasts (NDFs). AVA is believed to selectively enhance radiation therapy by targeting differential hydrogen peroxide clearance in tumor cells compared to non-malignant cells. STS cells demonstrated increased catalase protein levels and activity compared to normal fibroblasts. Additionally, NDFs showed significantly higher levels of GPx1 activity compared to STSs. The depletion of glutathione using buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) sensitized the NDF cells to AVA, suggesting that GPx1 may, in part, facilitate the selective toxicity of AVA. Finally, AVA significantly accelerated wound closure in a murine model of wound healing post RT. Our data suggest that AVA may be a promising combination strategy for nRT therapy in STSs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radioprotective Effects of Antioxidants)
Show Figures

Figure 1

Back to TopTop