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Antioxidants
Special Issues
Dietary Polyphenols and Neuroprotection II
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Dietary Polyphenols and Neuroprotection II

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2023) | Viewed by 4426

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Rui F. M. Silva

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
Interests: neurosciences area, in the topics of neurobiology, neurotoxicology, neurodevelopment, and glial function associated with neurologic conditions and neurodegeneration; the most relevant area of intervention involves neuroprotection mechanisms, embracing the neuroprotective properties of food natural products and food-borne molecules, either introduced in the regular diet or as additives or medicines, by several cell and molecular mechanisms, beyond the traditional antioxidant properties described for food polyphenols
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Lea Pogačnik

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Interests: optimisation of extraction procedures and evaluation of bioactivities (antioxidant, antidiabetes, antimicrobial) in extracts of different plants (alien knotweed species - Fallopia japonica, F. sachalinensis, F. x bohemica; medicinal plants, tea, coffee, pomegranate, Aronia, onion leaves) and cyanobacteria (Spirulina) before and after the lactic acid fermentation; evaluation of brain accessibility and neuroprotection of different polyphenols (quercetin, EGCG, cyanidin-3-glucoside); simulation of digestion and evaluation of stability of polyphenols from different origin

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Polyphenols are naturally occurring molecules ubiquitous in plants. They are edible constituents of many food sources such as wine, green tea, grapes, vegetables, red fruits, and coffee. Some of these molecules are also used as food supplements and proposed as nutraceutical medicinal drugs. In addition to their recognized antioxidant and inflammatory properties, many studies using polyphenols have shown that they modulate several cellular functions and molecular pathways, with a significant impact on the prevention and treatment of various pathological conditions, such as cancer, cardiovascular disorders, pollutant-induced cell damage, and also neurodegenerative diseases.

Neurodegenerative diseases are among the main causes of death worldwide, and in most of them, such as Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s, neurodegeneration occurs long before the onset of first symptoms, where a large population of brain neurons is already lost. In addition to neurons, glial cells, such as astrocytes and microglia, are involved in oxidative and neuroinflammatory pathological pathways, making them interesting targets for neuroprotective strategies. Polyphenols are promising candidates for those strategies, either as prophylactic substances or as therapeutic molecules. However, the health effects of polyphenols depend on the amount consumed and their bioavailability, raising some issues related to their safe use and overconsumption. We invite you to further explore all these issues, contributing with your prominent expertise to this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Rui F. M. Silva
Prof. Dr. Lea Pogačnik
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • food-born polyphenolic compounds
  • neurodegeneration
  • mechanisms of neuroprotection
  • bioavailability
  • safety

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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22 pages, 3242 KiB  
Article
Protective Effects of Polyphenol-Rich Extracts against Neurotoxicity Elicited by Paraquat or Rotenone in Cellular Models of Parkinson’s Disease
by Mitali A. Tambe, Aurélie de Rus Jacquet, Katherine E. Strathearn, Jennifer A. Hensel, Bryce D. Colón, Aswathy Chandran, Gad G. Yousef, Mary H. Grace, Mario G. Ferruzzi, Qingli Wu, James E. Simon, Mary Ann Lila and Jean-Christophe Rochet
Antioxidants 2023, 12(7), 1463; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12071463 - 20 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1369
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder involving motor symptoms caused by a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region of the brain. Epidemiological evidence suggests that anthocyanin (ANC) intake is associated with a low risk of PD. Previously, we reported [...] Read more.
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder involving motor symptoms caused by a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region of the brain. Epidemiological evidence suggests that anthocyanin (ANC) intake is associated with a low risk of PD. Previously, we reported that extracts enriched with ANC and proanthocyanidins (PAC) suppressed dopaminergic neuron death elicited by the PD-related toxin rotenone in a primary midbrain culture model. Here, we characterized botanical extracts enriched with a mixed profile of polyphenols, as well as a set of purified polyphenolic standards, in terms of their ability to mitigate dopaminergic cell death in midbrain cultures exposed to another PD-related toxicant, paraquat (PQ), and we examined underlying neuroprotective mechanisms. Extracts prepared from blueberries, black currants, grape seeds, grape skin, mulberries, and plums, as well as several ANC, were found to rescue dopaminergic neuron loss in PQ-treated cultures. Comparison of a subset of ANC-rich extracts for the ability to mitigate neurotoxicity elicited by PQ versus rotenone revealed that a hibiscus or plum extract was only neuroprotective in cultures exposed to rotenone or PQ, respectively. Several extracts or compounds with the ability to protect against PQ neurotoxicity increased the activity of the antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2 in cultured astrocytes, and PQ-induced dopaminergic cell death was attenuated in Nrf2-expressing midbrain cultures. In other studies, we found that extracts prepared from hibiscus, grape skin, or purple basil (but not plums) rescued defects in O2 consumption in neuronal cells treated with rotenone. Collectively, these findings suggest that extracts enriched with certain combinations of ANC, PAC, stilbenes, and other polyphenols could potentially slow neurodegeneration in the brains of individuals exposed to PQ or rotenone by activating cellular antioxidant mechanisms and/or alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Polyphenols and Neuroprotection II)
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Review

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35 pages, 1953 KiB  
Review
Dietary Polyphenols as a Protection against Cognitive Decline: Evidence from Animal Experiments; Mechanisms and Limitations
by Ruth Naomi, Muhammad Dain Yazid, Soo Huat Teoh, Santhra Segaran Balan, Halim Shariff, Jaya Kumar, Hasnah Bahari and Hashim Embong
Antioxidants 2023, 12(5), 1054; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12051054 - 05 May 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2579
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that cognitive impairments may result from various factors, such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, impaired neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, amyloid β protein (Aβ) deposition, and gut dysbiosis. Meanwhile, dietary polyphenol intake in a recommended dosage has [...] Read more.
Emerging evidence suggests that cognitive impairments may result from various factors, such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, impaired neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, amyloid β protein (Aβ) deposition, and gut dysbiosis. Meanwhile, dietary polyphenol intake in a recommended dosage has been suggested to reverse cognitive dysfunction via various pathways. However, excessive intake of polyphenols could trigger unwanted adverse effects. Thus, this review aims to outline possible causes of cognitive impairments and how polyphenols alleviate memory loss via various pathways based on in vivo experimental studies. Thus, to identify potentially relevant articles, the keywords (1) nutritional polyphenol intervention NOT medicine AND neuron growth OR (2) dietary polyphenol AND neurogenesis AND memory impairment OR (3) polyphenol AND neuron regeneration AND memory deterioration (Boolean operators) were used in the Nature, PubMed, Scopus, and Wiley online libraries. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 36 research papers were selected to be further reviewed. The outcome of all the studies included supports the statement of appropriate dosage by taking into consideration gender differences, underlying conditions, lifestyle, and causative factors for cognitive decline, which will significantly boost memory power. Therefore, this review recapitulates the possible causes of cognitive decline, the mechanism of polyphenols involving various signaling pathways in modulating the memory, gut dysbiosis, endogenous antioxidants, bioavailability, dosage, and safety efficacy of polyphenols. Hence, this review is expected to provide a basic understanding of therapeutic development for cognitive impairments in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Polyphenols and Neuroprotection II)
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