Managing Staphylococcus spp. Infections: Current Practices and Future Directions

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiotic Therapy in Infectious Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2026 | Viewed by 1205

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Microbiology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
Interests: clinical microbiology; antibiotic resistance; staphylococcal infections; biofilm; bacteriophages

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Staphylococcus aureus is often associated with varied clinical diseases. Infections caused by this pathogen can be community-acquired or associated with hospital settings. S. aureus can cause a range of clinical manifestations, varying from minor skin infections to life-threatening diseases such as pneumonia, meningitis, osteomyelitis, endocarditis, toxic shock syndrome, and bacteremia. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), especially S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus, although part of the normal skin flora, have emerged as opportunistic pathogens, particularly in immunocompromised patients and those with indwelling medical devices. S. lugdunensis has also emerged as a significant human pathogen, with distinct clinical and microbiological characteristics.

Several pathogenic factors associated with staphylococcal infections have been identified, including biofilm formation and toxin and adhesin production. Treatment remains challenging due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. With the escalation of antibiotic resistance globally, the need for novel therapies, such as biofilm-disrupting agents, bacteriophages, phage-encoded enzymes, nanoparticle-based delivery systems, and monoclonal antibodies, is more crucial than ever.

This Special Issue focuses on current practices in managing staphylococcal infections, particularly focusing on novel approaches and future directions in the context of growing antibiotic resistance.

Dr. Nikolaos Giormezis
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Staphylococcus aureus
  • coagulase-negative staphylococci
  • novel antibiotics
  • novel therapies
  • bacteriophages
  • biofilm disruption

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 608 KB  
Article
The Effect of Transesophageal Echocardiogram on Clinical Outcomes for Patients with Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infection
by Hiba Al Shaikhli, Mary Joyce B. Wingler, Kayla R. Stover, Katie E. Barber, Jamie L. Wagner and David A. Cretella
Antibiotics 2026, 15(2), 159; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics15020159 - 3 Feb 2026
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections (SABSIs) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality and are often complicated by infective endocarditis (IE). During the COVID-19 pandemic, fewer transesophageal echocardiographs (TEEs) were performed for patients diagnosed with SABSI, and this study examined the impact [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections (SABSIs) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality and are often complicated by infective endocarditis (IE). During the COVID-19 pandemic, fewer transesophageal echocardiographs (TEEs) were performed for patients diagnosed with SABSI, and this study examined the impact on clinical outcomes associated with this change in practice. Methods: This retrospective observational study included adult patients treated for SABSI who were admitted pre-COVID-19 (1 March 2018 to 11 March 2020) and during COVID-19 (12 March 2020 to 1 March 2022). Primary outcomes were rates of confirmed IE and duration of antibiotic therapy (DOT). Results: Of 333 screened patients, 214 were included (107 per group). Patients in the COVID-19 group were older (51.49 vs. 56.31 years, p = 0.013); other baseline characteristics were similar. Catheter-related infections were the most common source in the pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 groups (30.8% vs. 18.9%, p = 0.089). Rates of TEE procedures significantly declined during COVID-19 (72% vs. 50.9%, p = 0.002); rate of confirmed IE (9.4% vs. 12.1%; p = 0.660) and median DOT (28 vs. 28 days; p = 0.596) were similar. Ninety-day mortality was higher in the COVID-19 group (10.4% vs. 22.2%, p = 0.019); other outcomes were not statistically different. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a notable decline in TEEs performed for SABSI, but the majority of clinical outcomes were unchanged. Mortality was significantly higher in the COVID-19 group, but it is uncertain that this was solely due to the change in practices. In a healthcare system that universally recommends TEE, scoring systems may help identify which patients are highest priority for TEE versus those that could undergo a transthoracic echocardiogram. Full article
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