Antibiotic Resistance in Companion and Food-Producing Animals, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiotics in Animal Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2024) | Viewed by 3271

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Assistant Professor, Microbiology at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
Interests: antimicrobial resistance; zoonoses; molecular epidemiology;

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Guest Editor
Department of Public and One Health, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
Interests: zoonoses; antimicrobial resistance; molecular epidemiology; biofilm production; emerging pathogens
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Antimicrobial resistance has been characterized as one of the most significant, but silent, pandemics at present, both at the human and veterinary level. In animals, multidrug (MDR) or pan-drug resistance (PDR) is an increasing problem despite the strict restrictions on antibiotic administration that have been imposed at a global level. Companion animals are frequently subjected to repeated ineffective treatments, consequently contributing to the development of resistance. Additionally, in food-producing animals, the widespread misuse of antibiotics has been observed, occasionally including last-line antibiotics—e.g., carbapenems. As both food-producing and companion animals are significant factors in bacterial ecology, they can serve as pools and vehicles of antibiotic resistance, which will inevitably lead to effects being observed on people.

This Special Issue aims to provide the opportunity to publish original research articles presenting the burden of antibiotic resistance in companion and food-producing animals and discussing current and future trends in antibiotic resistance and eradication approaches. This Special Issue also intends to expand our understanding of the molecular and spatial epidemiology of resistant pathogens, as well as of gene transfer among humans, animals, and the environment under the “One Health” approach. Retrospective studies in antibiotic resistance, as well as meta-analyses, would also be highly appreciated. Manuscripts dealing with novel aspects of regulatory matters are also welcome.

Here, you can find the link to this Special Issue’s first edition:

https://www.mdpi.com/journal/antibiotics/special_issues/antibio_resis_animal

Dr. Marina Sofia
Dr. Dimitris C. Chatzopoulos
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • antibiotic resistance
  • swine
  • poultry
  • livestock
  • food production
  • gene transfer
  • One Health
  • zoonoses

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 1022 KiB  
Article
Genomic Analyses of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from Companion Animals Reveal Changing Clonal Populations, Multidrug Resistance, and Virulence
by Mattias Myrenås, Karl Pedersen and Ulrika Windahl
Antibiotics 2024, 13(10), 962; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13100962 (registering DOI) - 12 Oct 2024
Viewed by 304
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is part of the normal microbiota in dogs. Since 2006, an increase in multidrug-resistant clones of methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius has been reported, as well as zoonotic transmission. Longitudinal investigations into clonal population structures, antibiotic resistance patterns, and the presence of [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is part of the normal microbiota in dogs. Since 2006, an increase in multidrug-resistant clones of methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius has been reported, as well as zoonotic transmission. Longitudinal investigations into clonal population structures, antibiotic resistance patterns, and the presence of resistance and virulence genes are important tools for gaining knowledge of the mechanisms behind the emergence of such clones. Methods: We investigated 87% of all non-repetitive MRSP isolates from dogs and cats in Sweden over a ten-year period (n = 356). All isolates were subjected to staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec identification, whole-genome sequencing, multi-locus sequence typing, and analyses of genomic relatedness, as well as investigation of phenotypical resistance patterns and the presence of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence genes. Results: A considerable increase over time in the number of clonal lineages present was observed, indicating genomic diversification, and four clones became dominant: ST71, ST258, ST265, and ST551. In total, 96% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant. Statistically significant differences in resistance to several antibiotic classes between the four dominant clones were present. All isolates carried several virulence genes encoding factors associated with attachment, colonization, toxin synthesis, quorum sensing, antibiotic resistance, and immune evasion. Full article
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12 pages, 1116 KiB  
Article
How Restrictive Legislation Influences Antimicrobial Susceptibility in Selected Bacterial Isolates from the Canine Vagina
by Anna Sophia Leps, Babette Klein, Marianne Schneider and Sandra Goericke-Pesch
Antibiotics 2024, 13(10), 946; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13100946 - 9 Oct 2024
Viewed by 443
Abstract
Antimicrobial stewardship is one of the cornerstones in the battle against antimicrobial resistance. Restrictive legislation aims to foster antimicrobial stewardship. Prophylactic prescription of antimicrobials is still a widespread practice in canine breeding management to prevent suspected infectious infertility. The aim of this study [...] Read more.
Antimicrobial stewardship is one of the cornerstones in the battle against antimicrobial resistance. Restrictive legislation aims to foster antimicrobial stewardship. Prophylactic prescription of antimicrobials is still a widespread practice in canine breeding management to prevent suspected infectious infertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of restrictive legislation in Germany (Veterinary Home Pharmacy Ordinance, TÄHAV) based on resistance profiles of common bacterial isolates from the vaginal tract by comparing the resistance situation before (time frame (TF1)) and after (TF2) its amendment. In total, results of 13,373 antimicrobial susceptibility tests of bacterial isolates of Escherichia coli (n = 5209), beta-hemolytic streptococci (n = 4010), and Staphylococcus (Staph.) intermedius group (n = 4154) derived from canine vaginal swabs were assessed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on pure cultures using the broth microdilution method. Susceptibility to selected antimicrobials was evaluated. Susceptibility of Escherichia coli generally increased within TF2 with, however, a significant increase in the number of non-susceptible isolates to cefalexin (p < 0.0001). Beta-hemolytic streptococci exhibited good susceptibility to most antimicrobials. Susceptibility developed ambivalently within the Staphylococcus intermedius group. Despite an overall positive effect of increased susceptibility, an increase in non-susceptibility to single antimicrobials was detected, possibly indicating a need for refinement of the legislation. Full article
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16 pages, 1294 KiB  
Article
Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains to Last Resort Human Antibiotics Isolated from Healthy Companion Animals in Valencia Region
by Ana Marco-Fuertes, Jaume Jordá, Clara Marin, Laura Lorenzo-Rebenaque, Laura Montoro-Dasi and Santiago Vega
Antibiotics 2023, 12(11), 1638; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12111638 - 19 Nov 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2097
Abstract
Failure in antibiotic therapies due to the increase in antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria is one of the main threats to public and animal health. In recent decades, the perception of companion animals has changed, from being considered as a work tool to a household [...] Read more.
Failure in antibiotic therapies due to the increase in antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria is one of the main threats to public and animal health. In recent decades, the perception of companion animals has changed, from being considered as a work tool to a household member, creating a family bond and sharing spaces in their daily routine. Hence, the aim of this study is to assess the current epidemiological situation regarding the presence of AMR and multidrug resistance (MDR) in companion animals in the Valencia Region, using the indicator bacteria Escherichia coli as a sentinel. For this purpose, 244 samples of dogs and cats were collected from veterinary centres to assess antimicrobial susceptibility against a panel of 22 antibiotics with public health relevance. A total of 197 E. coli strains were isolated from asymptomatic dogs and cats. The results showed AMR against all the 22 antibiotics studied, including those critically important to human medicine. Moreover, almost 50% of the strains presented MDR. The present study revealed the importance of monitoring AMR and MDR trends in companion animals, as they could pose a risk due to the spread of AMR and its resistance genes to humans, other animals and the environment they cohabit. Full article
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