Antibiotic-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2022) | Viewed by 7753

Special Issue Editors

Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Milano-Bicocca, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale di Monza ASST-Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, 20900 Monza, Italy
Interests: clinical pathology; microbiology; parasitology; micology
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Guest Editor
Unit of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
Interests: microbiology; molecular microbiology; antimicrobial resistance

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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
Interests: microbiology; molecular microbiology; antimicrobial resistance

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The introduction of antimicrobials in the 20th century revolutionized healthcare. Globally, the threat of rising rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an increasing concern. Enterobacteriaceae, a large family of Gram-negative bacteria including clinically relevant bacterial species, two of which are Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, is showing increasing levels of AMR worldwide. The infection with extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemases producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPEs) is associated with increased mortality rates.

Today, 700,000 people die each year as a direct consequence of AMR. It is estimated that by 2050, antimicrobial resistance could cause 10 million deaths annually. Molecular technology methods such as whole-genome sequencing (WGS) provide detailed information on their evolution and possible new strategies.

This Special Issue focuses on antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae and will consist of 10–15 manuscripts, which may include original research, review articles, case series, or letters to the editor. We are interested in both qualitative and quantitative research in the following areas:

  1. Antibiotic resistance and molecular mechanisms;
  2. Emerging pathogens and active surveillance;
  3. The development of new antimicrobials;
  4. Antimicrobial stewardship initiatives and patient outcomes;
  5. Infection prevention and control programs.

Dr. Jari Intra
Dr. Aurora Piazza
Dr. Davide Carcione
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Enterobacteriaceae
  • drug resistance
  • antibiotics
  • surveillance
  • emerging pathogens
  • antimicrobial stewardship

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 272 KiB  
Article
The Molecular Characterization of Virulence Determinants and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Human Bacterial Uropathogens
by Naveed Ahmed, Hira Khalid, Mariam Mushtaq, Sakeenabi Basha, Ali A. Rabaan, Mohammed Garout, Muhammad A. Halwani, Abbas Al Mutair, Saad Alhumaid, Zainab Al Alawi and Chan Yean Yean
Antibiotics 2022, 11(4), 516; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11040516 - 13 Apr 2022
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 3384
Abstract
The high rates of bacterial infections affect the economy worldwide by contributing to the increase in morbidity and treatment costs. The present cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of bacterial infection in urinary tract infection (UTI) patients and to evaluate [...] Read more.
The high rates of bacterial infections affect the economy worldwide by contributing to the increase in morbidity and treatment costs. The present cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of bacterial infection in urinary tract infection (UTI) patients and to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance rate (AMR) in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. The study was conducted for the period of one year from January 2020 to December 2020. A total of 1899 different clinical samples were collected and examined for bacterial cultures using standard procedures. Samples were inoculated on different culture media to isolate bacterial isolates and for identification and susceptibility testing. A total of 1107/1899 clinical samples were positive for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and other bacterial isolates. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) prevalence was 16.93% from these positive cases. MRSA strains were found to be highly resistant to amikacin, clindamycin, fusidic acid, gentamicin and tobramycin, while highest sensitivity was noted against vancomycin (100%) and linezolid (100%). MRSA and high rates of multidrug resistance (MDR) pose a serious therapeutic burden to critically ill patients. A systematic and concerted effort is essential to rapidly identify high-risk patients and to reduce the burden of AMR. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibiotic-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae)

Review

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12 pages, 445 KiB  
Review
Extended Spectrum- and Carbapenemase-Based β-Lactam Resistance in the Arabian Peninsula—A Descriptive Review of Recent Years
by John Philip Hays, Kazi Sarjana Safain, Mohammed Suliman Almogbel, Ihab Habib and Mushtaq Ahmad Khan
Antibiotics 2022, 11(10), 1354; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11101354 - 5 Oct 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2955
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global problem that also includes countries of the Arabian Peninsula. Of particular concern, is the continuing development of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in the countries of this region. Additionally, antibiotic treatment options for ESBL-producing bacteria are becoming limited, primarily [...] Read more.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global problem that also includes countries of the Arabian Peninsula. Of particular concern, is the continuing development of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in the countries of this region. Additionally, antibiotic treatment options for ESBL-producing bacteria are becoming limited, primarily due to the continuing development of carbapenem resistance (CR), carbapenems being frequently used to treat such infections. An overview of recent publications (2018–2021) indicates the presence of ESBL and/or CR in patients and hospitals in most countries of the Arabian Peninsula, although the delay between microbial isolation and publication inevitably makes an accurate analysis of the current situation rather difficult. However, there appears to be greater emphasis on CR (including combined ESBL and CR) in recent publications. Furthermore, although publications from Saudi Arabia are the most prevalent, this may simply reflect the increased interest in ESBL and CR within the country. Enhanced ESBL/CR surveillance is recommended for all countries in the Arabian Peninsula. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibiotic-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae)
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